在线考试系统数据库设计.docx

1、在线考试系统数据库设计数据库设计文档成员：曹丽琼 冯继伟 刘维毅 班级08软工三班 指导老师：郭东恩 日 期：2011-5-22 数据库设计文档1 引言1.1 编写目的本文档是本项目开发中至关重要的一部分，通过本档编写，对本项目中相关数据存储信息进行明确定位，对数据结构等相关信息进行明确说明。本文档尽可能的详细说明各个实体的属性及相互联系，使开发人员的开发效率尽可能增加。1.2 项目来源实训要求开发人员：全体成员文档使用者：oracle 开发人员、 程序设计人员1.3 文档约定1.4 预期读者和阅读建议开发人员： 对oracle和java熟悉测试人员： 对java及oracle有一定的了解1.

2、5 参考资料1 在线考试系统可行性分析2 在线考试系统需求分析3 项目（bbs）数据库设计文档刘维毅4 2 数据库命名规则 db_examonline: 在线考试系统数据库 tb_invigilate: 监考人员 tb_user: 学生或用户信息表 tb_select:选择题相关信息表 tb_answer:简答题相关信息 tb_boolean:判断题相关信息 tb_admin: 管理员信息表 tb_page:数据库测试试题3 数据库设计说明3.1 数据库逻辑设计数据字典 考生属性：编号tid,姓名uname,登录密码upassword,学号uno,班级uclass,考试状态ustate 监考人

3、员属性：编号tid,姓名name,登录密码password 管理员属性：编号aid,姓名name,登录密码password 试卷属性：编号pid,科目subject, 选择题数量snum, 判断题数量bnum, 问答题数量anum，考试时间pageDate 选择题属性：编号id,题目name,选项A optionA,选项B optionB,选项C option C,选项D optionD,所属科目subject 判断题属性：编号id,题目name,对选项yes,错选项no ,所属科目subject 简答题属性：编号id,题目name, 所属科目subject 科目属性：编号sid,科目subj

4、ect实体关系 E_R图SR关系：学生关系表：Stb_user(usid,uname,upassword,uno,uclass,ustate)监考人员关系表:Stb_invigilate(tid,name,password)管理员信息关系:Stb_admin(aid,name,password)考试试卷信息关系：Stb_page(usid,pid,subject,snum,bnum,anum,pageDate)选择题信息关系：Stb_select(id,pid,subject,name,optionA,optionB,optionC,optionD)判断题信息关系：Stb_boolean(id

5、,pid,subject,name,yes,no)简答题信息关系:Stb_answer(id,pid,subject,name)科目信息关系:Stb_subject(sid,subject)3.2 数据库物理设计暂无3.3 数据库分布暂无3.4 基表设计在线考试系统数据库：3.4.1. tb_user: 考生信息表属性：编号Tid,姓名name,登录密码password,学号number,班级class,考试状态state字段名称数据类型长度主键描述Tidnumber10是主键标识unameVarchar250否学生姓名upasswordchar16否登录密码unonumber10否学号ucl

6、assVarchar250否班级ustatenumber1否考试状态Create table tb_user( Tid number(10) primary key, Uname varchar2(50), Upassword char(16), Uno number(10), Uclass varchar2(50), Ustate number(1) );3.4.2. tb_invigilate: 监考人员信息表属性：编号tid,姓名name,登录密码password字段名称数据类型长度主键描述tidnumber10是主键标识nameVarchar250否姓名passwordchar16否登

7、录密码Create table tb_invigilate( Tid number(10) primary key, Name varchar2 (50), Password char(16) );3.4.3. tb_admin: 管理员信息表属性：编号aid,姓名name,登录密码password字段名称数据类型长度主键描述aidnumber10是主键标识nameVarchar250否姓名passwordchar16否登录密码 Create table tb_admin( Aid number(10) primary key, Name varchar2(50), Password char

8、(16) );3.4.4. tb_page:考试试卷信息表 属性：编号pid,科目subject, 选择题数量snum, 判断题数量bnum, 问答题数量anum，考试时间pageDate字段名称数据类型长度主键描述pidnumber10是主键标识subjectVarchar250否科目(外键)snumnumber2否选择题数量bnumnumber2否判断题数量anumnumber2否问答题数量pageDatedate/否考试时间tidnumber10是学生编号(外键) Create table tb_page( Pid number(10) primary key, Subject varc

9、har2(50), Snum number(2), Bnum number(2), Anum number(2), pageDate date, tid number(10), constraint page_FK foreign key (subject) references tb_subject(subject), constraint page_FK2 foreign key(tid) references tb_user(tid) );3.4.5. tb_select:选择题信息表属性：编号id,题目name,选项A optionA,选项B optionB,选项C option C,

10、选项D optionD,所属科目subject字段名称数据类型长度主键描述idnumber10是主键标识nameVarchar250否题目optionAVarchar2100否选项AoptionBVarchar2100否选项BoptionCVarchar2100否选项CoptionDVarchar2100否选项DsubjectVarchar250否科目(外键)pidnumber10是试卷编号(外键) Create table tb_select( Id number(10) primary key, Name varchar2(50), optionA varchar2(100), optio

11、nB varchar2(100), optionC varchar2(100), optionD varchar2(100), subject varchar2(50), pid number(10), constraint select_FK foreign key(subject) references tb_subject(subject), constraint select_FK2 foreign key(pid) references tb_page(pid) );3.4.6. tb_boolean:判断题信息表 属性：编号id,题目name,对选项yes,错选项no ,所属科目s

12、ubject字段名称数据类型长度主键描述idnumber10是主键标识nameVarchar250否题目subjectVarchar250否科目(外键)pidnumber10否试卷编号(外键) Create table tb_boolean( id number(10) primary key, Name varchar2(50), Subject varchar2(50), Pid number(10), constraint boolean_FK foreign key(subject) references tb_subject(subject), constraint boolean_

13、FK2 foreign key(pid) references tb_page(pid) );3.4.7. tb_answer:简答题信息表属性：编号id,题目name, 所属科目subject字段名称数据类型长度主键描述idnumber5是主键标识nameVarchar250否题目subjectVarchar250否科目(外键)pidnumber10否试卷编号(外键)Create table tb_answer( Id number(5) primary key, Name varchar2(50), Subject varchar2(50), Pid number(10), constra

14、int answer_FK foreign key(subject) references tb_subject(subject), constraint answer_FK2 foreign key(pid) references tb_page(pid) );3.4.8. tb_subject:考试科目信息表 属性：编号sid,科目subject字段名称数据类型长度主键描述sidnumber10否科目自增编号subjectVarchar250 是主键标识 Create table tb_subject( Sid number(10) , Subject varchar2(50) prima

15、ry key );/备注uid是关键字已被系统占用3.5 视图设计3.6 索引设计3.7 序列设计设计目的：通过序列的设计，可以使得编号可以进行自增，从而达到设计目的。 Tb_sq 序列自动进行递增初值为：1递增为：1最大值：无Create sequence tb_sq Increment by 1 Start with 1 Nomaxvalue Nocycle Cache 10; Tb_invigilate_sq监考人员的 tid 自动进行递增Create sequence tb_invigilate_sq Increment by 10 Start with 10NomaxvalueNoc

16、ycleCache 10;3.8 完整性设计请参阅本文档的基表设计的外键设置3.9 授权设计3.10 触发器设计 Tb_user_triggerCreate or replace trigger tb_user_triggerBefore insert on tb_userFor each rowDeclareNext_no number;BeginSelect Into next_noFrom dual;:=next_no;End;/-insert into tb_user (uname, upassword,uno, uclass, ustate)-values(); Tb_invigil

17、ate_triggerCreate or replace trigger tb_invigilate_triggerBefore insert on tb_invigilateFor each rowDeclareNext_no number;BeginSelect Into next_noFrom dual;:=next_no;End; Tb_admin_triggerCreate or replace trigger tb_admin_triggerBefore insert on tb_adminFor each rowDeclareNext_no number;Begin Select

18、 Into next_noFrom dual;:=next_no;End; Tb_page_triggerCreate or replace trigger tb_page_triggerBefore insert on tb_pageFor each rowDeclareNext_no number;Begin Select Into next_noFrom dual;:=next_no;End; Tb_select_triggerCreate or replace trigger tb_select_triggerBefore insert on tb_selectFor each row

19、DeclareNext_no number;BeginSelect Into next_noFrom dual;:=next_no;End; Tb_boolean_triggerCreate or replace trigger tb_boolean_triggerBefore insert on tb_booleanFor each rowDeclareNext_no number;BeginSelect Into next_noFrom dual;:=next_no;End; Tb_answer_triggerCreate or replace trigger tb_answer_trig

20、gerBefore insert on tb_answerFor each rowDeclareNext_no number;Begin Select Into next_noFrom dual;:=next_no;End; Tb_subject_triggerCreate or replace trigger tb_subject_triggerBefore insert on tb_subjectFor each rowDeclare Next_no number;BeginSelect Into next_noFrom dual;:=next_no;End;3.11 存储过程设计3.11

21、.1 CRUD中的CUD三个操作-向试卷表中插入信息(create操作)Create or replace procedure insert_tb_page(p_subject in %type,p_snum in %type,p_bnum in %type,p_anum in %type,p_pageDate in %type,-插入系统时间sysdatep_tid in %type)as BeginInsert into tb_page(subject,snum,bnum,anum,pageDate,tid) values(p_subject,p_snum,p_bnum,p_anum,p_

22、pageDate,p_tid);Exception When DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX then(subject primary key error!);When others then(异常);End insert_tb_page;-/执行过程: execute insert_tb_page(,);-向判断题表中插入信息(create操作)Create or replace procedure insert_tb_boolean(b_name in %type,b_subject in %type,b_pid in %type) asbeginInsert into tb_boole

23、an(name, subject,pid) values(b_name,b_subject,b_pid);End insert_tb_boolean;-/执行过程: execute insert_tb_boolean(,);-向简答题表中插入信息Create or replace procedure insert_tb_answer(a_name in %type,a_subject in %type,a_pid in %type)as BeginInsert into tb_answer(name,subject,pid) values(a_name,a_subject,a_pid);End

24、 insert_tb_answer;-向科目表中插入信息Create or replace procedure insert_tb_subject(s_subject in %type)asBeginInsert into tb_subject(subject) values(s_subject);Exception When DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX then(subject primary key error!);When others then(异常);End insert_tb_subject;-向选择题表中插入信息Create or replace procedure ins

25、ert_tb_select(s_name %type,s_optionA %type,s_optionB %type,s_optionC %type,s_optionD %type,s_subject %type,s_pid %type)asBegin Insert into tb_select(name, optionA, optionB, optionC, optionD, subject, pid) values(s_name,s_optionA,s_optionB,s_optionC,s_optionD,s_subject,s_pid);End insert_tb_select;-管理

26、员信息插入Create or replace procedure insert_tb_admin(a_name in %type,a_password in %type)asBeginInsert into tb_admin(name, password) values(a_name,a_password);End insert_tb_admin;3.12 数据复制设计暂无4 查询记录语句-随机函数Select randnum from(select distinct round(1,60) as randnum from dual Connect by rownum=100Order by

27、randnum)where rownum=20;-随机查询20条选择题Select * from tb_select where id in(Select * from (select rownum rn from dual Connect by rownum=100 order by whereRownum=20);-随机查询10条判断题记录Select * from tb_boolean where id in(Select * from (select rownum rn from dualConnect by rownum=100 order by whereRownum=10);-随机查询5条简答题记录Select * from tb_answer where id in(Select * from (select rownum rn from dualConnect by rownum=100 order by where Rownum=5);5 词汇表Primary key: 主键 foreign key:外键6 历史数据处理导出数据库:exp 用户名密码导入数据库：imp 用户名/密码Ms-dos