完整版化工专业英语词汇汇总.docx

1、完整版化工专业英语词汇汇总reactionkinetics反应动力学reactant反应物purify精制提纯recycle循环回收unconvertedreactant未转化的反应物chemicalreactortransferofheat,evaporation,crystallization结晶drying干燥screening筛选，浮选chemicalreaction化学反应crackingofpetroleum石油裂解catalyst催化剂，reactionzone反应区conservationofmassandenergy能量与质量守衡定律technicaladvance技术进步e

2、fficiencyimprovement效率提高reaction反应separation分离heatexchange热交换reactivedistillation反应精馏capitalexpenditure基建投资setup装置capitaloutlay费用，成本，基建投资yield产率，收率reactionbyproduct反应副产物equilibriumconstant平衡常数waste废物feedstock进料，原料product产物，产品percentconversion百分比转化率ether乙醚gasoline汽油oxygenatecontent氧含量catalyst催化剂react

3、ant反应物inert惰性物，不参加反应的物质reactivedistillation反应精馏energysaving节约能量energyefficiency能量效率heat-sensitivematerial热敏性物质pharmaceutical制药foodstuff食品gasdiffusivity气体扩散性，气体扩散系数gasadsorption吸收；absorption：吸附specialtychemical特殊化学品，特种化学品batch间歇的；continuous：连续的micro-reactor微型反应器hydrogenandmethaneoxidation氢气和甲烷氧化反应eth

4、yleneepoxidation乙烯环氧化反应phosgenesynthesis光气合成.commercialproportions商业规模replication复制sensor传感器，探头separationofsolids固体分离suspension悬浮液porousmedium多孔介质filtration过滤medium介质filter过滤器trap收集，捕集Buchnerfunnel布氏漏斗Vacuum真空conicalfunnel锥形漏斗filterpaper滤纸area面积filtercake滤饼factor因数，因子，系数，比例viscosity黏度density密度corros

5、iveproperty腐蚀性particlesize颗粒尺寸shape形状sizedistribution粒度分布packingcharacteristics填充性质concentration浓度filtrate滤液feedliquor进料液pretreatment预处理latentheat潜热resistance阻力surfacelayer表面层filteringmedium过滤介质dropinpressure压降filteringsurface过滤表面filtercake滤饼cakefiltration饼层过滤deepbedfiltration深层过滤depth深度law定律netflow

6、净流量conduction传导convection对流radiation辐射temperaturegradient温度梯度metallicsolid金属固体thermalconduction热传导motionofunboundelectrons自由电子的运动electricalconductivity导电性thermalconductivity导热性poorconductorofelectricity不良导电体transportofmomentum动量传递therandommotionofmolecules分子无规则运动brickwall墙壁furnace火炉，燃烧器metalwallofat

7、ube金属管壁macroscopicparticle宏观的粒子controlvolume控制体enthalpy焓macroscopicphenomenon宏观现象forcesoffriction摩擦力fluidmechanics流体力学flux（通量，流通量）ofenthalpy焓通量eddy尾流，涡流turbulentflow湍流naturalandforcedconvection自然对流和强制对流buoyancyforce浮力temperaturegradient温度梯度electromagneticwave电磁波fusedquartz熔化的石英reflect反射，inflection:折

8、射matte无光泽的，无光的temperaturelevel温度高低inter-phasemasstransfer界相际间质量传递rateofdiffusion扩散速率acetone丙酮dissolve溶解ammonia氨ammonia-airmixture氨气-水混合物physicalprocess物理过程oxidesofnitrogen氮氧化物nitricacid硝酸carbondioxide二氧化碳sodiumhydroxide氢氧化钠actualrateofabsorption实际吸收速率two-filmtheory双膜理论concentrationdifference浓度差inthe

9、vicinityof在附近，靠近.,大约，在左右moleculardiffusion分子扩散laminarsub-layer层流底层resistance阻力，阻止boundarylayer边界层FicksLaw费克定律isproportionalto与成比例concentrationgradient浓度梯度platetower板式塔installation装置feed进料bottom底部，塔底solvent溶剂top顶部，塔顶partialvaporization部分汽化boilingpoint沸点equimolecularcounter-diffusion等分子反向扩散idealsystem

10、理想系统ratioofAtoBA与B的比值withtheresultthat：由于的缘故，鉴于的结果tray塔板packedtower填料塔bubble-captower泡罩塔spraychamber喷淋室maintenanceexpense维修费foundation基础towershell塔体packingmaterial填料pump泵blower风机accessoryheater附属加热器cooler冷却器heatexchanger换热器solvent-recoverysystem溶剂回收系统operatingcost操作费用power动力circulatinggas循环气labor劳动力

11、steam蒸汽regenerate再生coolingwater冷却水solventmake-up补充溶剂optimum最优的unabsorbedcomponent未吸收组分purity纯度volatility挥发性vaporpressure蒸汽压liquidmixture液体混合物condense凝缩，冷凝binarydistillation双组分精馏multi-componentdistillation多组分精馏stage-typedistillationcolumn级板式精馏塔mount安装，固定conduit导流管）,downcomer降液管gravity重力weir溢流堰vapor-l

12、iquidcontactingdevice汽液接触装置valvetray浮阀塔板reboiler再沸器vaporization汽化condensate冷凝液，凝缩液overheadvapor塔顶汽体condenser冷凝器ifeedtray进料板base塔底，基础bottomsproduct塔底产品condensation冷凝strippingsection汽提段,提馏段distillatesection精馏段totalcondense全凝器distillateproduct塔顶馏出产品reflux回流thermodynamicequilibrium热力学平衡solution溶液fractio

13、nalcrystallization分步结晶solubility，溶解度，溶解性soluble可溶解的solvent溶剂employ采纳，利用miscible可混合的，可溶的，可搅拌的mechanicalseparation机械分离）liquid-liquidextraction液液萃取aromatic芳香烃的paraffin石蜡，链烷烃lubricatingoil润滑油decompose分解，离解，还原，腐烂penicillin青霉素streptomycin（链霉素）precipitation沉淀，沉析ethylalcohol乙醇)extract萃取液heatrequirement热负荷so

14、lute溶质extractphase萃取相baffle-plate折流挡板，缓冲挡板settlingtank沉降槽centrifuge离心.离心机，离心分离emulsifyingagent乳化剂densitydifference密度差raffinate萃余液extract萃取液dryingofSolids固体干燥processmaterial过程物料(相对最终产品而言的）organic有机的，有机物的benzene苯humidity湿度moisturecontent湿含量dryingrate干燥速率criticalmoisturecontent临界湿湿含量falling-rate降速conca

15、ve（凸的，凸面）orconvex（凹的，凹面）approximateto：接近，趋近straightline：直线constant-ratedryingperiod恒速干燥阶段convectiondrying对流干燥dryinggas干燥气体falling-rateperiod降速干燥阶段meanvalue平均值vacuumdrying真空干燥discolor变色，脱色sublime升华freezedrying冷冻干燥adiabatic绝热的，不传热的pressuregradientperpendicularto：与-垂直counter-current逆流perunitarea单位面积wat

16、er-coolingtower水冷塔sensibleheat（sensibleheat：显热）waterdroplet水珠，水滴quantitativerelation定量关系thermaldiffusion热扩散atrightanglesto与成直角，与垂直byvirtueof由于，根据，凭借于moleculartransfer分子传递balance抵消，平衡dragforces曳力afunctionof的函数ofthesameorder具有同一数量级eddydiffusion涡流扩散isalmostinverselyproportionalto几乎与成反比Reynoldsnumber雷诺准

17、数fullydevelopedturbulentflow充分发展湍流coefficient系数Inprinciple从原理而言exothermic（放热的，endothermic吸热的,adiabatic绝热的）triplebond三健，三价nitrogenoxides氮氧化物compound化合物conversion转化，转化率protein蛋白质compress压缩reactionyield反应产率reactionspeed反应速度one-pass（单程）reactorenergyinput能量输入maximum最大的neartoequilibrium接近平衡output产出，输出，产量f

18、ertilizer化肥urea尿素ammoniumnitrate硝酸铵ammoniumphosphate磷酸铵ammoniumsulfate硫酸铵diammoniumhydrogenphosphate磷酸二氢铵ash纯碱pyridine砒啶polymers聚合物nylon尼龙acrylics丙烯酸树脂via经，由，通过，借助于hydrogencyanide氰化氢nitricacid硝酸bulkexplosive集装炸药crudeoil原油naturalgas天然气bitumen沥青fossilfuel化石燃料seepage渗出物asphalt沥青oildrilling采油gasoline汽油p

19、aint涂料plastic塑料syntheticrubber合成橡胶fiber纤维soap肥皂cleansingagent清洗剂wax石蜡explosive炸药oilshale油页岩deposit沉积物aquaticplant水生植物sedimentaryrock沉积岩sandstone砂岩siltstone泥岩tarsand沥青石chain-shaped链状的methane甲烷paraffin石蜡，烷烃ring-shaped（环状的）hydrocarbonnaphthene环烷烃naphtha石脑油tarry柏油的，焦油的，焦油状的asphaltene沥青油impurity杂质polluta

20、nt污染物combustion燃烧capillarity毛细现象，毛细管力viscousresistance粘性阻力barrel桶(国际原油计量单位)tanker油轮kerosene煤油heavygasoil重瓦斯油reforming重整cracking裂化octanenumberofgasoline汽油辛烷值branched-chain（带支链的）materialsscience材料科学mechanical,thermal,chemical,electric,magnetic,andopticalbehavior.（机械性能、热学性能、化学性能、电学性能、磁性能、光学性能）Amalgam汞齐

21、，水银；混合物，交叉solidstatephysics固体物理学metallurgy冶金学，冶金术magnet磁铁，有吸引力的人或物insulation绝缘catalyticcracking催化裂化structuralsteels结构钢computermicrochip计算机芯片Aerospace航空Telecommunication电信informationprocessing信息处理nuclearpower核能energyconversion能量转化internalstructure内部结构defectstructure结构缺陷crystalflaw晶体瑕疵vacantatomicsite

22、原子空位dislocation错位precipitate沉淀物semiconductor半导体mechanicaldisturbance机械扰动ductility延展性brittleness脆性spinningelectrons旋转电子amorphous非定型的,非晶型的,非结晶的,玻璃状的;无一定目的的,乱七八糟chemicalprocesssafety化工过程安全exoticchemistry奇异化学hydrodynamicmodel水力学模型two-phaseflow两相流dispersionmodel分散模型toxic有毒的release释放，排放probabilityoffailur

23、e失效概率accidentprevention事故预防hardhat安全帽safetyshoe防护鞋rulesandregulations规章制度lossprevention损失预防hazardidentification危害辩识，technicalevaluation技术评估safetymanagementsupport安全管理基础知识safetyexperience安全经验technicalcompetence技术能力safetyknowledge安全知识designengineer设计师costengineer造价师processengineering过程工程plantlayout工厂布

24、局generalservicefacilities公用工程plantlocation工厂选址closeteamwork紧密的团队协作specializedgroup专业组storage仓库wastedisposal废物处理terminology术语，词汇accountant会计师，会计，出纳final-proposal决议tangiblereturn有形回报Empiricalmodel经验模型processcontrol（过程控制）first-principles基本原理，基本规则regressionmodel回归模型.operatingcondition操作条件nonlinear-equat

25、ion-solvingtechnique非线性方程求解技术process-simulationsoftwarepackages过程模拟软件包least-squares-regression最小二乘法statisticaltechnique统计技术intensity强度，程度phenomenologicalmodel现象模型modelidentification模式识别neuralnetwork神经网络apriori：先验的,既定的,不根据经验的,由原因推出结果的,演绎的,直觉的processdatahistorian：过程数据历史编撰师qualitative定性的quantitativepre

26、cision定量的精确high-fidelity高保真的computationallyintensive计算量大的mathematicalexpressionsteady-statemodel稳态模型bioengineering生物工程artificial人工的hearingaid助听器artificiallimb假肢supportiveorsubstituteorgan辅助或替代器官biosynthesis生物合成lifescientist生命科学家agriculturalengineer农艺师fermentation发酵civilengineer土木工程师sanitation卫生physiologists生理学criteria指标humanmedicine人体医学medicalelectronics医疗电子medicalinstrumentation医疗器械blood-flowdynamics血液流动动力学prosthetics假肢器官学biomechanics生物力学surgeon外科医生replacementorgan器官移植physiologist生理学家