Chapter3 Planning for the Perfect Weddinggrammar.docx

1、Chapter3 Planning for the Perfect WeddinggrammarChapter3. Planning for the Perfect Wedding-grammar-chapter3.PlanningforthePerfectwedding-grammar一、章节分析（一）综述本章节主要语法-定语从句。定语从句前面一定有一个名词（先行词），这很关键。（二）目标定语从句起到修饰名词的作用。教学生掌握由关系代词who,whom,which,that,whose引导的定语从句;限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。（三）教学方法通过一些例句让学生理解并掌握定语从句。让学生

2、找出课文中的定语从句并加以分析。让学生造句，翻译句子等来巩固所学的知识。（四）重点和难点上述都要掌握，难点为非限制性定语从句。二、教学设计（TeachingDesigns）教学内容教学实施建议教学资源参考Leadin.warmingupPresentthestudentssomepicturesofchineseandwesternweddingsandletthestudentstalkaboutthedifferencebetweenorientalandwesternweddingsusingasmanyadjectiveclausesaspossible.wedding

3、process/place/customs/banquet/cXFoRDENGLSIH课本Practice在进行了短暂热身练习之后，教师有意识地将课文中的定语从句呈现给学生。e.g.Thebridesclothes,whichareusuallyexpensive,requirecarefulselection.Thendomorepractice:接着和学生一起分别就几个句型认真理解和操练并完成书中部分练习。cXFoRDENGLSIH课本Exercisesandhomework教师自编题目和书后练习结合操练cXFoRDENGLSIH课本以及课后练习本单元的语法部分重点是定语从句：.claus

4、eswithwho,whom,that,whichandwhose2.Definingandnon-definingclauses我们在教学过程中，可以通过复习课文中的一些句型或者是讨论课文中的人物来开始。链接1说明：这是一份关于定语从句的练习。定语从句例1误：Thankyouforallwhatyouhavedoneforme.正：Thankyouforallyouhavedoneforme.题解：“what”不能用于引导定语从句，它一般用于引导名词性从句。引导定语从句常用的有关系代词which,that,who,whom,whose,as,than及关系副词where,when,why。此

5、句因为先行词all是不定代词，所以只能用that引导。此外，由于此句中先行词在定语从句中充当do的宾语，所以可以省略关系代词that。例2误：ThemanwhomIthinkhasmovedtoanothercityisstillinShanghai.正：ThemanwhoIthinkhasmovedtoanothercityisstillinShanghai.题解：此句中先行词man在定语从句中充当主语，而不是think的宾语，因此不能用宾格whom，而应用主格who。例3误：wehaventgotmuchwhichwecanofferyou.正：wehaventgotmuchthatwec

6、anofferyou.题解：当定语从句的先行词是all,much,little,everything,anything,nothing,none,one等不定代词时，关系代词用that。例4误：Itisthebestfilmwhichhasbeenmadeonthesubject.正：Itisthebestfilmthathasbeenmadeonthesubject.题解：当先行词前有最高级形容词修饰，或有序数词或only,any,few,little,no,all,oneof,thevery等词修饰时，关系代词用that。例5误：Doyouknowthethingsandpersonswh

7、oarementionedbythemanager？正：Doyouknowthethingsandpersonsthatarementionedbythemanager?题解：先行词是由人和物组成的短语时，关系代词用that。例6误：whowhoyouhaveeverseencanbeathiminchess?正：whothatyouhaveeverseencanbeathiminchess？题解：避免与先行词who重复时，关系代词应用that。例7误：Todaythepublicaremuchconcernedaboutthewaywhichnatureisruined.正：Todaythe

8、publicaremuchconcernedaboutthewaynatureisruined.题解：修饰先行词way的定语从句比较特殊，一般用that或inwhich引导，通常也可省略。例8误：ItwasmidnightthatIwaswakenupbythequarrelupstairs.正：ItwasmidnightwhenIwaswakenupbythequarrelupstairs.题解：原句被错认为一个强调句，若是强调句，此句应改为：ItwasatmidnightthatIwaswakenedupbythequarrelupstairs.在这一句子中，先行词midnight在从句中

9、作时间状语，所以应用关系副词when。例9误：Idontliketoliveintheroomwhichwindowsfacenorth.正：Idontliketoliveintheroomwhosewindowsfacenorth.题解：此句中先行词room在定语从句中作定语，表示所有关系，所以应用关系代词whose，有时也可用ofwhich短语替代。此句亦可改为：Idontliketoliveintheroomthewindowsofwhichfacenorth.Idontliketoliveintheroomofwhichthewindowsfacenorth.例10误：Thatwast

10、hereasonwhymr.Blackrefusedtospeakforatthemeeting.正：Thatwasthereasonmr.Blackrefusedtospeakforatthemeeting.题解：在定语从句中，选择关系代词还是关系副词，最主要看先行词在定语从句中充当什么成分，如果是主语、宾语或定语，则用关系代词，若为状语，则用关系副词。此句中先行词reason在从句中充当介词for后的宾语，所以可以用that或which，或者省略。若此定语从句中没有介词for，则此句应改为：Thatwasthereasonwhymr.Blackrefusedtospeakatthemeet

11、ing.此时，reason在从句中作原因状语。但这与例句的意义不同。例句的意思是：这就是布莱克先生在会议上拒绝辩护的理由。而此句的意思为：这就是布莱克先生在会议上拒绝发言的原因。例11误：Asmanyon-lookerswhowereonthespotthenagreedthemotorcyclistwastoblame.正：Asmanyon-lookersaswereonthespotthenagreedthemotorcyclistwastoblame.题解：定语从句的先行词若有such,as修饰，则关系代词用as。例12误：Thatisthesamepersonasaskedforhel

12、pthedaybeforeyesterday.正：Thatisthesamepersonthataskedforhelpthedaybeforeyesterday.题解：先行词有thesame修饰时，一般用as，如：HeusesthesamedictionaryasIdo.（他用的词典和我的一样）但要注意的是，这句中涉及到两本字典。如果指的是同一个人或物，先行词应该用that。例13误：mymotheroftentakesonmoreworkthanitisgoodforherhealth.正：mymotheroftentakesonmoreworkthanisgoodforherhealth

13、.题解：此句中包含了一个由than引导的定语从句。因先行词work有形容词的比较级修饰，因此关系代词用了than。而此句中的先行词work在定语从句中作主语，所以从句中处于主语位置的it必须删去。例14误：mr.whiteisthemanwhomyoucanturnforhelpwhenyouareintrouble.正：mr.whiteisthemantowhomyoucanturnforhelpwhenyouareintrouble.题解：先行词man在定语从句中应该作介词to后的宾语，turntosb.forhelp，所以此处的介词to不能少。因此，定语从句中介词的选择受到上下文的制约或

14、与前面的名词词组或后面动词词组的搭配有关。例15误：Isthisbookyoulikemost？正：Isthisthebookyoulikemost?题解：若把原句改成陈述句，“Thisbookisyoulikemost.”不难发现它不是一句定语从句，thisbook也不是先行词。加了定冠词后，此句改成陈述句就成了：Thisisthebookyoulikemost.先行词book在从句中作宾语，所以可以省略关系代词。例16误：IcanthinkofmanycasesthatstudentsobviouslyknowalotofEnglishwordsandexpressionsbutcould

15、ntwriteagoodessay.正：Icanthinkofmanycaseswhere/inwhichstudentsobviouslyknowalotofEnglishwordsandexpressionsbutcouldntwriteagoodessay.题解：先行词case若放回定语从句中，应是inmanycases，作状语，故应用关系副词where，或inwhich。例17误：LastyearhevisitedTokyowherehisbrotherlived.正：LastyearhevisitedTokyo,wherehisbrotherlived.题解：限制性定语从句与先行词关

16、系密切，对它有限制作用，因此不可缺少，否则会影响全句的意义。而非限制性定语从句是对先行词的补充说明，他们之间的修饰关系不是很密切，因此对于专有名词，一般都用非限制性定语从句。例18误：Hehasmanyhabits,someofthemareharmful.正：Hehasmanyhabits,someofwhichareharmful.题解：原句错在一个句子中出现了两个简单句，且无连词。用which代替them，使后面的分句变成了非限制性定语从句，which指代前面的habits。此句若改成如下句子亦可：Hehasmanyhabits,andsomeofthemareharmful.例19误：

17、Shegotthefirstprize,whichwehadexpected.正：Shegotthefirstprize,aswehadexpected.题解：虽然，在非限制性定语从句中，which可以用来指代前面的整个句子，但当表示“正如”时，一般用as，此外，as引导的非限制性定语从句还可放在主句之前，而which不行。Exercise:.Awarbrokeout_lastedforfortyyears.A.whichB.whenc.inwhichD.where2.All_isneededisasupplyofoil.A.thethingB.thatc.whatD.which3.Itwil

18、lnotbelongbeforeyoumeetwiththesamedifficultsituation_wasdealtwithbythosescientistslastyear.A.whichB.thatc.asD.where4.Theperson_Ilentmycarisafriendofjacksmothers.A.whoB.whomc.towhoD.towhom5.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenwindows,mostof_hadntbeencleanedforatleastayear.A.theseB.thosec.thatD.which6.carolsa

19、idtheworkwouldbedonebyoctober,_personallyIdoubtverymuch.A.itB.thatc.whenD.which7.Inhisspeech,theleaderexpressedhisthankstothosewhohadsupportedhimandthecause_theyhadfought.A.whichB.ofwhichc.thatD.forwhich8.Thegreatwallistheplace_almostalltouristswouldliketovisitwhentheycometochina.A.whereB.whichc.inw

20、hichD.ofwhich9.Ifashophaschairs_womencanparktheirmen,womenwillspendmoretimeintheshop.A.thatB.whichc.whenD.where0.wewillbeshownaroundhecity,schools,museumsandsomeotherplaces,_othervisitorsseldomgo.A.whatB.whichc.whereD.when1.Alecaskedthepoliceman_heworkedtocontacthimwhenevertherewasanaccident.A.withw

21、homB.whoc.withwhomD.whom2.Isthisthereason_atthemeetingforhiscarelessnessinhiswork?A.heexplainedB.whatheexplainedc.howheexplainedD.whyheexplained3.Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome_Iwastakengoodcareofinthatfarawayvillage.A.untilB.whenc.thatD.where4.Haveseenthefilm“Titanic”,_leadingactorisworld-famous?A.

22、itsB.itsc.whoseD.which5.RecentlyIboughtanancientchinesevase,_wasveryreasonable.A.whichpriceB.thepriceofwhichc.itspriceD.thepriceofwhose6.Itwasanexcitingmomentforthesefootballfansthisyear,_forthefirsttimeinyearstheirteamwonworldcup.A.thatB.whilec.whichD.when7.Thejourneyaroundtheworldtooktheoldsailorn

23、inemonths,_thesailingtimewas226days.A.ofwhichB.duringwhichc.fromwhichD.forwhich8.Theroomwasfullofstudents,tenof_arefromforeigncountries.A.whomB.themc.thoseD.which9.Afastfoodrestaurantistheplace_,justasthenamesuggests,eatingisperformedquickly.A.whichB.wherec.thereD.what20.mostoftheclassmateswantedtoknowtheway_helearnsnewcourse.A.whichB.inwhichc.onwhichD.aboutwhichkeys:5ABcDD610DDBDc115cABcD620DAABB