虚拟语气.docx

1、虚拟语气一. 教学内容：单项选择题（掌握动词伴随用法、虚拟语气的用法）二. 教学目标：掌握动词伴随用法、虚拟语气、情态动词have done的用法三. 教学重难点：虚拟语气【典型例题集五】 1. When _, ice changes into water. A. to heat B. heating C. heated D. they are heated 【答案】C 逻辑主语为后一句的ice，与动词heat的关系是被动，用动词-ed形式，故选C。2. _ the ladder, get someone to hold it. A. When climbed B. When to climb

2、C. When climbing D. When one climbs 【答案】C逻辑主语为后一句在祈使句中被省略了的you，与动词climb的关系为主动，用动词-ing形式，故选C。注意B项when to climb表示什么时候去爬。3. While building a tunnel through the mountain, _.A. an underground lake was discoveredB. there was an underground lake discoveredC. a lake was discovered undergroundD. the workers

3、discovered an underground lake【答案】D前一个短句是由while引导的句子，但缺少主语。其逻辑主语是后一个句子的主语，A项主语an underground lake不能与动词build构成主动关系，错误项；同理BC项也不正确，只有D项the workers可与building构成主动关系，D为正确选项。4. Finding her car stolen, _.A. a policeman was asked to helpB. the area was searched thoroughlyC. it was looked for everywhereD. she

4、 hurried to a policeman for help【答案】D前一个短句是动词-ing做伴随，所修饰的主语是后一个句子的主语，且与find是主动关系。B项C项的主语都不能与find构成主动关系，故为错误选项，A项a policeman虽可构成主动关系，但是不符合题意，故正确答案为D。意为“她发现她的汽车被偷，赶紧向警察去求助了。”5. _ ，I went to the railway station to see my friend off. A. After eating quickly my dinner B. After my quickly eating dinner C.

5、 After eating my dinner quickly D. After eating my quickly dinner【答案】C 根据选项，前一短句是由after引导的句子，且缺少主语，其逻辑主语是后一个句子的主语I, 与动词eat是主动关系，用-ing形式。选项中只有C项语序正确，为正确答案。情态动词have done总结：must have done对过去发生的事情推测，表示“一定做了”may have done对过去发生的事情推测，表示“可能做了”might have done，may have done的过去时，同时可对过去发生的事情推测，表示“本可能发生或本可以做而没有发

6、生或没有做”can have done对过去发生的事情推测，表示“可能做了”cant have done 对过去发生的事情推测，表示“不可能做了”could/couldnt have done, can/cant have done的过去时，同时可对过去发生的事情推测，表示“本可能发生或本可以做而没有发生或没有做”。should have done带有谴责语气，表示“本应该做却未做” shouldnt have done带有谴责语气，表示“本不应该做却做了”ought to have done带有谴责语气，表示“本应该做却未做” ought not to have done带有谴责语气，表示“

7、本不应该做却做了”neednt have done带有评论语气，表示“本不必做却做了”could have done带有后悔语气，表示“本能够做却未做到”couldnt have done带有后悔语气，表示“本不能够做却做了”would have done通常用于虚拟条件句，表示与事实相反或不太可能实现的情况。【典型例题集六】1. The guide didnt come this morning. Something may to him .A. happen B. be happenedC. have happened D. have been happened【答案】 C may hav

8、e done对过去发生的事情推测，表示“可能做了”；happen无被动语态，故选C。2. -Did you visit the famous museum ?-No. We _ it. But we spent too much time shopping. A. cant have visited B. could have visited C. must have visited D. shouldnt have visited【答案】B cant have done 对过去发生的事情推测，表示“不可能做了”；could have done意为“本能够做却未做”；must have don

9、e对过去发生的事情推测，表示“一定做了”；should have done带有谴责语气，表示“应该做却未做”，根据题意应选用B项。3. -How exciting ! I drove my new car at a speed of 110km/h on Sunday morning.-Were you crazy ? You _ yourself !A. must have killed B. would have killedC. should have killed D. could have killed 【答案】D must have done对过去发生的事情推测，表示“一定做了”；

10、would have done通常用于虚拟条件句，表示与事实相反或不太可能实现的情况；should have done带有谴责语气，表示“本应该做却未做”；could have done表示“过去可能”，根据题意D为正确选项。4. We didnt know his telephone number, otherwise we him .A. would have telephone B. must have telephonedC. would telephoned D. had telephoned【答案】A表示与事实相反或不太可能实现的情况，意为“我们不知道他的电话号码，否则我们就打电话

11、给他了”，A为正确选项。5. Sorry Im late. I _ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.A. might B. should C. can D. will【答案】A 根据题意我睡过了，对过去的事情表猜测可能是我把闹钟关了继续睡了的原因，故选A。虚拟语气总结：I wish 所接时态现在时改为过去时，过去时改为过去完成时，过去完成时不变。S uggest/advise/demand/order/require/insist (that) sb (should) do句型，其中that, shoul

12、d 可省略suggestion/advice/demand/order/requirement that sb (should) do句型，其中that不可省略，should 可省略。It is necessary/important that sb (should) do句型，其中should可省略。【典型例题集七】1. -what can he do ?-They that he follow their advice .A. suggest B. believe C. wish D. hope【答案】A suggest (that) sb (should) do句型，其中that, sh

13、ould 可省略2. It is necessary that a university student at least one foreign language .A. learn B. should be learning C. must learn D. should have learned【答案】A It is necessary that sb (should) do句型，其中should可省略3. It is important that she up her classmates .A. would catch B. should catch C. might catch D

14、. caught【答案】B It is important that sb (should) do句型，其中should可省略4. The city council ordered spitting on the street .A. was prohibited B. should prohibitC. be prohibited D. should be prohibiting【答案】C order (that) sb (should) do句型，其中that, should 可省略5. I wish I _ able to tell him all about it last night

15、. A. was B. were C. had been D. should be【答案】B I wish 所接时态现在时改为过去时，过去时改为过去完成时，过去完成时不变6. Her pale face suggests that she _late last night.A. stay up B. should stay upC. stayed up D. should have stayed up【答案】C这里的suggest并不是建议的意思，而是表示“显示，表明”，不用虚拟语气suggest (that) sb (should) do句型，（其中that, should 可省略）注意区别

16、。7. Janes uncle insisted _ in this hotel any longer. A. not staying B. not to stay C. that he not stay D. staying not【答案】C suggest/advise/demand/order/require/insist (that) sb (should) do句型，其中that, should 可省略8. How I wish I _ to repair the watch! I only made it worse. A. had tried B. hadnt tried C.

17、have tried D. didnt try【答案】B I wish 所接时态现在时改为过去时，过去时改为过去完成时，过去完成时不变9. He demanded that the laboratory report _ immediately after the experiment was done. A. was written B. be written C. must be written D. would be written【答案】B suggest/advise/demand/order/require/insist (that) sb (should) do句型，其中that

18、, should 可省略10. The teacher agreed to the suggestion that the students _ two weeks to prepare for the exam. A. give B. should give C. be given D. would be given【答案】C suggestion that sb (should) do句型，其中that不可省略，should 可省略【模拟试题】1. I stayed at a hotel while in New York.Oh, did you? You _ with Barbara.

19、A. could have stayed B. could stay C. would stay D. must have stayed2. My English-Chinese dictionary has disappeared. Who _ have taken it?A. should B. must C. could D. would3. He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he _ to the meeting. A. would come B. came C. would have come D. had come4. The man in

20、sisted that he _ there. A. should send B. would be sent C. sent D. be sent5. He insisted that he _ me before. A. see B. should see C. had seen D. saw6. John wished _. A. he will study more B. he had studied more C. he studies D. he wont have studied more7. I didnt feel like_, so he suggested _ an En

21、glish letter right now.A. reading ; practicing writing B. reading ; to practice to writeC. to read ; to practice writing D. to read ; to practice write8. Without electricity human life _ quite different today. A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be9. The Jade Emperor ordered that the Monkey

22、 King _ right away. A. would be arrested B. must be arrested C. be arrested D. had to be arrested10. It seems as if it _ rain. A. will to B. is going to C. is to D. were going to 【试题答案】15 ACCDC 610 BADCB一. 教学内容：虚拟语气（一）学习过程一. 虚拟语气定义 1. 英语动词有三种语气， 陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气. 2. 定义：用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生或可能性比较小的情况，而

23、是一种表愿望、建议、假设的语气，叫虚拟语气。二. 虚拟语气的考点 1. 一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法；2. 条件句中虚拟语气的倒装；3. 名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法；4. 几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法；5. 虚拟语气与陈述语气的判定。三. 讲解考点（一）一般条件句中的虚拟语气时 间If 条件句主 句过去had donewouldshould +have done sth.couldmight现在助动词 be用 were实义动词 do 用 didwouldshould + do sth.couldmight将来did / wereshould dowere to dowouldshould + d

24、o sth.couldmight1. If I had HIV, I would know because I would feel sick.2. If I were you, I would give AIDS patient a hug.与现在事实相反3. If I had taken your advice, I wouldnt have made a mistake.4. If he had been there, it wouldnt have happened.与过去事实相反5. If it should rain tomorrow, they wouldnt go for an

25、 outing.6. I think we could do it, if we planned it properly and could borrow the tools.7. If we were to have three days off , we would enjoy a very happy life.与未来事实相反练习： 1. If I were you, I _ buy the house right now.A. wont B. dont C. wouldnt D. cant2. _more careful, his ship would not have sunk. A

26、. If the captain were B. If the captain had been C. Should the captain be D. If the captain would have been 3. If he _ me tomorrow, I would let him know A. should call B. should not have been able C. were not able D. are not able （二）条件句中虚拟语气的倒装； 假设条件虚拟语气的倒装。条件从句中含有should，were， had 三个助动词并且放在句首时，可以把if

27、省略。1）If I were you, I would give it up.=Were I you, I would give it up. 2）If I had had time, I would have run round that lake again.=Had I had time, I would have run round that lake again.If there should be a flood, what should we do?=Should there be a flood, what should we do?（三）名词性从句的虚拟语气。主要是表示命令、

28、要求、建议的虚拟语气。1）宾语从句。常见动词：一个坚持：insist两个命令：order, command 三个建议：advise, suggest, propose五个要求：demand , require, request, desire, ask 这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。即从句中的动词使用should + 动词原形，或者将should省略。例如：我们建议Tom去休息一下。他坚决要求我到场。国王命令囚犯明天要被实施死刑。他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。We suggested that Tom (should) have a rest.He insisted that I

29、(should) be present.The king ordered that the prisoners (should) be killed the next day.They requested that we (should) send them to work there.考题点击：1. The teacher demanded that the work _ before 4 oclock. A. finished B. be finished C. should finish D. finish 2. What did the doctor say about your mo

30、thers illness? He suggested that she _ an operation at once. A. must have B. had C. have D. had had2）以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句（包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句）也要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。 order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, request, desireIts suggested that the plan be carried out.My demand is that she should come to see me once a week.All of us are for the advic