1、初三英语短文填空(五)短文填空题的命题特点短文填空是陕西省、重庆市、武汉市、黄冈市、福州市等省、市近两年才创设的一种新题型。这种题型通常有四种形式:1、给出一篇难易适中的短文,中间去掉几个单词,让考生根据上下文填上所缺的单词。2、给出一篇难易适中的短文,中间去掉几个单词,但给出这些单词的第一个字母,让考生根据短文的上下文的意思和所给的提示字母,天上所缺的单词。3、给出一篇难易适中的短文,中间去掉几个单词,同时在一个方框内给出一些单词,让考生根据短文的内容,把这些单词填入空白处,使文章正确、通顺。4、给出一篇难易适中的短文,中间去掉几个单词或短语,同时给出这些单词或短语的汉语意思,让考生根据短文
2、的上下文和所给汉语的提示,填上适当地单词或短语。陕西省的短文填空题采用的基本上是第四种形式。这种题型考查的是考生的整体阅读能力、基础语法的运用能力和书面表述能力,特别是单词和短语的拼写能力。它是介于阅读理解和书面表达之间的一种题型。陕西省中考英语题中的短文填空题又有什麽具体特点呢?1、从文体上看,议论文和叙事文为主。2002 年陕西省的短文填空题所给的短文是一篇论说文,论说的主题是:只有母亲的爱是真正的爱。2003 年的中考说明样题所给的短文是一篇叙事文。讲述的是圣诞节的情况。2003 年的中考题中的短文填空题也是一篇叙事文。讲述的是主题是因特网的历史。2、从填空的内容上看,以词组和短语为主。
3、2002 年短文填空题共有 10 个空,其中 6 个空填的是词组和短语。2003 年中考说明中短文填空题共有 10 个空,其中 7 个空填的是词组和短语。2003 年中考题中的短文填空题共有 10 个空,其中 5 个空填的是词组和短语。也就是说短文填空题要填的词组和短语总体上保持在 5-7 个。3、从考查的范围上看,以英语的一些特殊用法为主。2002 年的短文填空题考到了enough 作副词,放在被修饰词之后的用法,考到了“with+名词”构成的介词短语的用法。2003 年终考说明中的短文填空题又一次出现了“with+名词”构成的介词短语用法。2003 年中考题的短文填空题考查了 someth
4、ing wrong 这样的形容词后置的特殊用法。4、从所留的空白上看,以给出汉语提示为主。2003 年中考说明的短文填空题共留出 10 个空白,其中 8 处给出了汉语提示,2 处没有任何提示。2003 年中考的短文填空题同样是 10 个空白,全部给出了汉语提示。二、短文填空题的解题技巧做好短文填空题要求考生具备坚实的语法基础,理解文章大意和主旨的能力,牢固掌握英语的习惯用法和固定搭配,熟记英语单词的拼写。做短文填空可以从以下几个方面着手:1、从语法方面考虑短文填空题所涉及的语法内容通常包括:名词的单复数、形容词和副词的比较等级、主谓一致、动词的时态和语态、介词和连词的选用等。例如 2003 年
5、中考的短文填空题的第一个空:“Most of us 1 (忙于)talking about and using theInternet every day.” 在这里,用英语表示“忙于”不仅要用busy, busy 之前还要加 be, 而 be 还要和主语 most of us 保持一致,变成 are。2、从习惯用法和固定搭配方面考虑如上所说,陕西省的短文填空以词组和短语为主,而词组和短语必然会涉及到很多习惯用法和固定搭配。例如 2003 年中考说明短文填空的第 8 个空:“ 8(在圣诞夜) children are very happy.” 用英语表示“在圣诞夜”必须用 On Christm
6、as Eve。因为在“某一天的晚上”习惯上用介词 on。3、从上下文的结构方面考虑有的空白必须根据上下文的结构才能判断应该填什麽样的单词或短语。例如 2003 年考试说明短文填空的第 9 个空:They put their stocking at the end of their beds9their parents can put presents in them. 从上下文文我们可以看出,他们把他们的长筒袜放在床头上是为了让他们的父母亲能够把礼物放在里面。以此判断,后面的句子应是一个目的状语从句。因此,应填 so that。三、短文填空题的实例分析(2003,陕西省)V. 短文填空:(共
7、10 空,计 10 分。单词拼写错误不给分,短语中单词大小写、拼写错误扣 0.5 分)根据上下文和括号里的汉语提示,在下面短文的空白处写出正确的单词或词组。使短文意思完整,语句连贯。Most of us 1 ( 忙 于 )talking about and using the Internet every day, but how many of us know the 2 (历史)of the Internet? Many people are 3 ( 惊讶)when they find that the Internet was set up in the 1960s. 4 ( 那时),c
8、omputers were large and 5(贵的). Computer networks didnt work 6 (好). If there was 7 (出故障)with one computer in the network, the whole network stopped, so a network system had to be set up. It should be good enough to be used by many 8 (不同的)kinds of computers. If 9 (任何部分)of the network was not working,
9、information could be sent through another part. 10 ( 用这种方法), computer network system would keep on working all the time.1. are busy。汉语提示应填“忙于”,根据句子结构判断,所填的词或短语在句中作谓语,英语应为 be busy。句子的主语是 most of us, 谓语应用复数形式。Be busy 应变为 are busy。2. history。汉语提示为“历史”,在定冠词之后应为名词。3. surprised。汉语提示为“惊讶”,在句中作表语,句子的主语是人,人感
10、到惊讶,应用过去分词 surprised。4. At that time。汉语提示为“那时”,其真正意思是“在那个时候”,又因为这个短语在句首,第一个字母应大写,相应的英语短语应是 At that time。5. expensive/dear。汉语提示为“贵的”。因为在句中作表语,应用形容词expensive/dear。6. well。汉语提示为“好”,在句中作状语,因此用 well 表示。7. something wrong。汉语提示为“出故障”,英语表示“某个东西出了故障”常常用 There was something wrong with sth.这个句型。8. different。汉语
11、提示为“不同的”,其形容词形式是 different。9. any part。汉语提示为“任何部分”,相应的英语表达应是 any part。10. In this way 。汉语提示为“用这种方法”,又因为这个短语在句首,第一个字母大写。所以其英语表达应是 In this way。能级演练1Most of American businesses are open five days a week. American school children attend school five days a week as well.American families usually have a1(两
12、天)weekend. The weekend is Saturday and Sunday. Over the weekend people spend their time2 (以许多不同的方式) . Many families enjoy weekends3 (一起) . They may go shopping, go for a drive or visit friends. They may also invite friends over and4 (聚会) at home. Many American families participate(参加)in sports durin
13、g the weekend.5 (跑步), biking, playing volleyball and swimming6 (流行)in summer. Skiing and skating are the 7 (最喜爱的) winter sports.Weekends are also a time for American families to work on something in their yards or in 8 ( 他 们 的 ) houses. Many families plant flowers and have vegetable gardens. Some fa
14、milies use the weekends 9 (粉刷)or repair their houses. 10 (对大部分美国人来说), weekends are very busy.1. two-day 2. in many different ways 3. together 4. have a party 5. Running 6. are popular 7. favourite8. their 9. to paint 10. For most Americans2Perhaps more than any other people, Americans have come to d
15、epend on their cars. The family car1 (一直是) a common thing2 (从以来) the early twentieth century, and it has changed American life. Many people have moved3 (外面) of the large cities to the suburbs. Some Americans spend4 (每天两小时) or more in their cars5 (去上班) and home again. Cars have become the6 (工具) of tr
16、ansportation for most Americans going shopping, and even going on vacations.Americans7 (过去常常) like big cars, and gasoline used to be very inexpensive. Recently,8 (然而), the cost of gasoline has increased, smaller cars have become 9 (更常见). Also foreign cars have become very common. Americans have bought 10 (大量的)Japanese and German
copyright@ 2008-2022 冰豆网网站版权所有
经营许可证编号:鄂ICP备2022015515号-1