托福考试备考阅读理解.docx

1、托福考试备考阅读理解托福考试备考阅读理解为了让大家更好的准备托福考试，给大家整理了托福考试备考阅读理解,下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。 托福考试备考阅读理解1 【待插入句子】On the other hand, amphibians in very hot climates use secretionsfrom the mucus glands to decrease their temperature through evaporative coolingon the skin. 【待插入段落】Physiological adaptations can assist amphibians

2、incolonizinghabitatswhere extreme conditions prevail. The tolerance range in bodytemperature represents the range of temperatures within which a species cansurvive. One species of North American newt is still active when temperaturesdrop to -2C while one South American frog feels comfortable even wh

3、entemperatures measured to 41Cthe highest body temperature measured in afree-ranging amphibian. Recently it has been shown that some North Americanfrog and toad species can survive up to five days with a body temperature of-6C with approximately one-third of their body fluids frozen. The othertissue

4、s are protected because they contain the frost-protective agents glycerinor glucose. Additionally, in many species the tolerance boundaries areflexible and can change as a result of acclimatization (long-term exposure toparticular conditions). 答案 1.首先公布答案：3rd square; 2.看到待插入句子中有one the otherhand，这是个

5、典型的两方面对比!给我们的是另一方面，那么前面一定要出现跟这部分内容对立的一方面。 “反过来，在很热的气候下生活的两栖动物(amphibians)会用一些分泌物(secretions)(通过皮肤上蒸发性的冷却)去降低温度。 3.最后让我们来看一下待插入段落的各个句子：(括号中为修饰成分) 1st: 生理的适应可以帮助amphibians去占领(极端情形prevail的)栖息地。2nd:(体温的)忍耐区间指的是(represent)一个温度范围(在这个范围内物种才能生存)。 3rd:一个物种在气温降到-2度还能活动;而南美?在41度(高温)还觉得舒适(41度是在所有两栖动物中测量到的最高温)。

6、4th:最近发现有些南美?可以在-6度生存5天，(几乎1/3的体液被冻住)。5th: 其他的组织被保护起来，因为这些组织包含抗冻物质。 6th:此外，在很多物种中，忍耐区间非常灵活，可以因为适应环境(acclimatization)而改变。 看完之后就很清楚了，给的句子讲的是amphibians如何应付高温，那前面suppose应该说的就是处理低温的情况，所以放在讲-6度还能生存的后面。放好之后发现正好跟后面的additionally说的耐受区间可以变动搭配起来，perfect. 看完解析大家有木有发现，小新老师这是在耍我们啊，这么单纯的一道题，怎么就做得这么复杂了呢!还是前面说的，重点其实不

7、在选对答案，而是在于读懂段落中句与句之间的关系。刚才看的这一段，这么多其实就说了一件事物种的温度忍耐区间!而既然是温度区间大家马上就了解了，肯定是能够生存的最高温和最低温。所以这一段第一句结合全文主旨，说physiologicaladaptation帮助它们在极端环境生存;所以其实第一句话已经完全剧透了全段不就是围绕extremeconditions来展开嘛。第二句解释什么是tolerance range。后面就全部说低温和高温如何生存下来的具体方法了。 语法积累： 1. on the other hand 注意，要有相反的意思在里面，很多同学写作文都喜欢用这个词组，但一定要有对比才能用。 2

8、. through evaporative cooling; in colonizing habitats;介宾结构，through.通过.达到.的目的;一般要放到修饰对象前面去理解。 词汇积累 habitat 栖息地 prevail 流行 represent 代表 range 范围 托福考试备考阅读理解2 【待插入句子】 Indeed, at the height of Athenian democracy there was no governmentseparate from its citizenry. Where would the sentence best fit? Click

9、on square to add the sentenceto the passage. 【待插入段落】 During the fifth century B. C. the council of 500 was extremelyinfluential in shaping policy. In the next century, however, it was themature assembly that took on decision-making responsibility. By any measureother than that of the aristocrats, wh

10、o had been upstaged by the supposedlyinferior people, the Athenian democracy was a stunning success. Never before,or since, have so many people been involved in the serious business ofself-governance. It was precisely this opportunity to participate in publiclife that provided a stimulus for the bri

11、lliant unfolding of classical Greekculture. 1.首先公布答案：3rd square; 2.然后我们来看一下待插入的句子：Indeed表示强调，翻译成“确实”;at the height of 在.的巅峰;还有一个there wasno 用否定来表示强调：没有政府是跟全体市民分隔开的，言外之意就是说雅典的民主程度非常之高。 既然是强调，那前面一定要出现过相应的信息。 3.最后让我们来看一下这一段的各个句子： 1st: 议会(council)在制定(shape)政策上非常有影响力。 2nd:但在下个世纪，成熟的立法机构(assemby)承担了做决定的职责

12、。3rd:(以除了贵族之外的衡量标准看来，贵族被本应是下等人的人民抢去了风头)雅典的民主是一个巨大的成功. 4th:空前绝后，从未有这么多人民参与到自我管理的严肃事业中来。 5th:正是有了参与到公众生活的机会，才刺激了古典希腊文化的发展(unfolding,展开)。 看完之后就很清楚了，整个段落一句话总结雅典民主很成功。1st承接上文;2nd4th讲民主如何成功;5th讲民主带来的影响。而我们要插入的地方在民主程度高的后面，所以是在self-governance后面。放进去之后跟后面也能搭配起来，perfect. 知识小补丁 语法积累： it was that 强调句的固定搭配; other

13、 than 表示否定，除了. 不是. decision-making n+ v-ing; 理解的时候就按照v+n来理解，making decision;做决策。 never before, or since 前无古人，后无来者。 托福考试备考阅读理解3 【待插入句子】One example of such tropical abundance is found in Panama, which has667 species of breeding birds一three times the number found in Alaska. 【待插入段落】 When we look at the

14、way in which biodiversity (biologicaldiversity) is distributed over the land surface of the planet, we find that itis far from even. The tropics contain many more species overall than anequivalent area at the higher latitudes. This seems to be true for manydifferent groups of animals and plants. Why

15、 is it that higher latitudes have lower diversities than the tropics? Perhaps it is simply a matter of land area. The tropics contain a largersurface area of land than higher latitudesa fact that is not always evidentwhen we examine commonly used projections of Earths curved surface, since thistends

16、 to exaggerate the areas of land in the higher latitudesand somebiogeographers regard the differences in diversity as a reflection of thiseffect. But an analysis of the data by biologist Klaus Rohde does notsupport this explanation. Although area may contribute to biodiversity, it iscertainly not th

17、e whole story; otherwise, large landmasses would always bericher in species. 1.首先公布答案：1st square; 2.看到待插入句子中有one example，这是个典型的论点+论据的结构! 给我们的是论据，那么前面一定要出现论点，这样才能和举例子对应起来。之后，看看举的是什么样的例子这样的热带多样性被发现在Panama，有667个鸟类物种，是Alaska的三倍。 3.最后让我们来看一下待插入段落的各个句子： P1:1st:当我们来看生物多样性(biodiversity)在地表分布的方式时，我们会发现这种分布(i

18、t)不是(farfrom)均匀的(even)。2nd:热带(tropics)比同样(equivalent)面积的高纬度(higher latitudes)地区包含了更多地物种。3rd:这种现象对许多不同种类的动植物都是正确的。 为了让大家更好的准备托福考试，给大家整理了托福考试备考阅读理解,下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。 托福考试备考阅读理解 【待插入句子】On the other hand, amphibians in very hot climates use secretionsfrom the mucus glands to decrease their temperature th

19、rough evaporative coolingon the skin. 【待插入段落】Physiological adaptations can assist amphibians incolonizinghabitatswhere extreme conditions prevail. The tolerance range in bodytemperature represents the range of temperatures within which a species cansurvive. One species of North American newt is stil

20、l active when temperaturesdrop to -2C while one South American frog feels comfortable even whentemperatures measured to 41Cthe highest body temperature measured in afree-ranging amphibian. Recently it has been shown that some North Americanfrog and toad species can survive up to five days with a bod

21、y temperature of-6C with approximately one-third of their body fluids frozen. The othertissues are protected because they contain the frost-protective agents glycerinor glucose. Additionally, in many species the tolerance boundaries areflexible and can change as a result of acclimatization (long-ter

22、m exposure toparticular conditions). 答案 1.首先公布答案：3rd square; 2.看到待插入句子中有one the otherhand，这是个典型的两方面对比!给我们的是另一方面，那么前面一定要出现跟这部分内容对立的一方面。 “反过来，在很热的气候下生活的两栖动物(amphibians)会用一些分泌物(secretions)(通过皮肤上蒸发性的冷却)去降低温度。 3.最后让我们来看一下待插入段落的各个句子：(括号中为修饰成分) 1st: 生理的适应可以帮助amphibians去占领(极端情形prevail的)栖息地。2nd:(体温的)忍耐区间指的是(

23、represent)一个温度范围(在这个范围内物种才能生存)。 3rd:一个物种在气温降到-2度还能活动;而南美?在41度(高温)还觉得舒适(41度是在所有两栖动物中测量到的最高温)。 4th:最近发现有些南美?可以在-6度生存5天，(几乎1/3的体液被冻住)。5th: 其他的组织被保护起来，因为这些组织包含抗冻物质。 6th:此外，在很多物种中，忍耐区间非常灵活，可以因为适应环境(acclimatization)而改变。 看完之后就很清楚了，给的句子讲的是amphibians如何应付高温，那前面suppose应该说的就是处理低温的情况，所以放在讲-6度还能生存的后面。放好之后发现正好跟后面的

24、additionally说的耐受区间可以变动搭配起来，perfect. 看完解析大家有木有发现，小新老师这是在耍我们啊，这么单纯的一道题，怎么就做得这么复杂了呢!还是前面说的，重点其实不在选对答案，而是在于读懂段落中句与句之间的关系。刚才看的这一段，这么多其实就说了一件事物种的温度忍耐区间!而既然是温度区间大家马上就了解了，肯定是能够生存的最高温和最低温。所以这一段第一句结合全文主旨，说physiologicaladaptation帮助它们在极端环境生存;所以其实第一句话已经完全剧透了全段不就是围绕extremeconditions来展开嘛。第二句解释什么是tolerance range。后面

25、就全部说低温和高温如何生存下来的具体方法了。 语法积累： 1. on the other hand 注意，要有相反的意思在里面，很多同学写作文都喜欢用这个词组，但一定要有对比才能用。 2. through evaporative cooling; in colonizing habitats;介宾结构，through.通过.达到.的目的;一般要放到修饰对象前面去理解。 词汇积累 habitat 栖息地 prevail 流行 represent 代表 range 范围 托福考试备考阅读理解2 【待插入句子】 Indeed, at the height of Athenian democracy

26、there was no governmentseparate from its citizenry. Where would the sentence best fit? Click on square to add the sentenceto the passage. 【待插入段落】 During the fifth century B. C. the council of 500 was extremelyinfluential in shaping policy. In the next century, however, it was themature assembly that

27、 took on decision-making responsibility. By any measureother than that of the aristocrats, who had been upstaged by the supposedlyinferior people, the Athenian democracy was a stunning success. Never before,or since, have so many people been involved in the serious business ofself-governance. It was

28、 precisely this opportunity to participate in publiclife that provided a stimulus for the brilliant unfolding of classical Greekculture. 1.首先公布答案：3rd square; 2.然后我们来看一下待插入的句子：Indeed表示强调，翻译成“确实”;at the height of 在.的巅峰;还有一个there wasno 用否定来表示强调：没有政府是跟全体市民分隔开的，言外之意就是说雅典的民主程度非常之高。 既然是强调，那前面一定要出现过相应的信息。 3

29、.最后让我们来看一下这一段的各个句子： 1st: 议会(council)在制定(shape)政策上非常有影响力。 2nd:但在下个世纪，成熟的立法机构(assemby)承担了做决定的职责。3rd:(以除了贵族之外的衡量标准看来，贵族被本应是下等人的人民抢去了风头)雅典的民主是一个巨大的成功. 4th:空前绝后，从未有这么多人民参与到自我管理的严肃事业中来。 5th:正是有了参与到公众生活的机会，才刺激了古典希腊文化的发展(unfolding,展开)。 看完之后就很清楚了，整个段落一句话总结雅典民主很成功。1st承接上文;2nd4th讲民主如何成功;5th讲民主带来的影响。而我们要插入的地方在民

30、主程度高的后面，所以是在self-governance后面。放进去之后跟后面也能搭配起来，perfect. 知识小补丁 语法积累： it was that 强调句的固定搭配; other than 表示否定，除了. 不是. decision-making n+ v-ing; 理解的时候就按照v+n来理解，making decision;做决策。 never before, or since 前无古人，后无来者。 托福考试备考阅读理解3 【待插入句子】One example of such tropical abundance is found in Panama, which has667 s

31、pecies of breeding birds一three times the number found in Alaska. 【待插入段落】 When we look at the way in which biodiversity (biologicaldiversity) is distributed over the land surface of the planet, we find that itis far from even. The tropics contain many more species overall than anequivalent area at the higher latitudes. This seems to be true for manydifferent groups of animals and plants. Why is it that higher latitudes have lower diversities than the tropics? Perha