全国高考英语试题及解析上海卷.docx

1、全国高考英语试题及解析上海卷2019年全国高考英语试题及解析-上海卷 英语试卷考生注意：1. 考试时刻120分钟,试卷总分值150分。2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。试卷分为第卷第112页和第卷第13页，全卷共13页。所有答题必须涂选择题或写非选择题在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。答题前,务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名,并将核对后旳条形码贴在指定位置上,在答题纸反而清晰地填写姓名。第卷(共103分)I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwo

2、speakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Itissatisfactory.B.Itisluxur

3、ious.C.Itisold-fashioned.D.Itisdisappointing.2.A.OnAugust5th.B.OnAugust6th.C.OnAugust7th.D.OnAugust8th.3.A.Awaiter.B.Abutcher.C.Aporter.D.Afarmer.4.A.Inatheatre.B.Inalibrary.C.Inabookingoffice.D.Inafurniturestore.5.A.Sheexpectedtoabettershow.B.Shecouldhardlyfindherseat.C.Shewasntinterestedintheshow.

4、D.Shedidntgetafavourableseat.6.A.Thewomanofteneatsoutforbreakfast.B.Thecafeteriaservesgoodbreakfast.C.Thewomandoesnthavebreakfast.D.Thecafeteriadoesntservebreakfast.7.A.Sellingcucumbers.B.Plantingvegetables.C.Cookingameal.D.Pickingtomatoes.8.A.Themanshouldworkhard.B.Themanshouldturndownthejoboffer.C

5、.Themanmayhaveanotherchance.D.Themancanapplyforthejobagain.9.A.Itisahotandsmoggyday.B.ThereisatrafficjamonKingStreet.C.Avehicleispollutingtheair.D.Themanisreadingareportonline.10.A.Itsendingisnotgoodenough.B.Itsspecialeffectsarenotsatisfying.C.Itdeservesanaward.D.Itisgoodexceptforthescarypart.Sectio

6、nBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassages,andyouwillbeaskedthreequestionsoneachofthepassages.Thepassageswillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11th

7、rough13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.$1.B.$2C.$3D.$52.12.A.Paythebillsfirst.B.Spend2%ofthesalaryonlivingexpenses.C.Deposit$1000everymonth.D.Putpartofthemoneyinasavingsaccount.13.A.Methodsofsavingmoney.B.Savingmoneyforfamilyemergencies.C.Theimportanceofsavingmoney.D.Secretsofspendingmoneywisely.

8、Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.Freeeducation.B.Asumofmoney.C.Donationsfromalocalnewspaper.D.Giftsfrommanypeople.15.A.Letstudentsinbeforeschool.B.Offericecreamandcoffee.C.Introduceabankintothecampus.D.Reducethetrafficjamsaround.16.A.Itlackspositivenews.B.Itshouldgrowintoabigci

9、ty.C.Itisaplaceworthlivingin.D.Itremainspeacefulandquiet.SectionCDirections:InsectionC,youwillheartwolongerconversations.Theconversationswillbereadtwice.Afteryouheareachconversation,youarerequiredtofillinthenumberedblankswiththeinformationyouhaveheard.Writeyouranswersonyouranswersheet.Blanks17throug

10、h20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.Completetheform.WriteONEWORDforeachanswer.ClassDiary(June13-19)SUNMON17forafter-classactivityapplicationTUEWEDHandinginthreestudent18THUBasketballClubmeetingTime:12:451:30pmPlace:The19FRIFillinginaformwithup-to-datepersonaldataTime:20breakPlace:ThecomputerroomSA

11、TBlank21through24arebasedonthefollowingconversation.Completetheform.WriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.WhoisSueWalter?Sheis21incourtandawriter.WhatisSuessuggestionforpeoplewithdifficulties?22InSueseyes,whatisthebestpartaboutherjob?23indecision-making.WhatdoesSuethinkhappinessis?24II.GrammarandVo

12、cabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagesbelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperform.ofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.(A)BagsofLoveLastyear,Iwasassignedtoworkatanofficenearm

13、ymothershouse,soIstayedwithherforamonth.Duringthattime,Ihelpedoutwiththehouseworkandcontributedtothegroceries.Afterlessthanaweek,Istartednoticingthatthegrocerieswererunningoutprettyquicklywewerealwayssuddenlyoutofsomething.(25)(wonder)howmymumcouldconsumethemsoquickly,Ibeganobservingherdailyroutinef

14、ortwoweeks.Tomysurprise,Ifoundthatshewouldpackapaperbagfullofcannedgoodsandheadouteverymorningataboutnine.Eventually,Idecidedtofollowherand(26)happenedtrulyamazedme.Shewastakingthefoodtotherefugeecamp,in(27)shedistributedittochildren.Iaskedaroundandfoundoutthatmymumwasverywellknowninthearea.Thekidsw

15、ereveryfriendlywithherandevenlookeduptoherasifsheweretheirownmother.Thenithitmeshywouldshemotwanttotellmeaboutwhatshe(28)(do)?WassheworriedabouthowIwouldreactorthatIwouldstop(29)(buy)thegroceriesifIfoundout?Whenshegothome,Itoldheraboutmydiscovery.(30)shecouldreact,Igaveherabighugandtoldhershedidntne

16、edtokeepitasecret(31)me.Shetoldmethatsomeofthechildrenlivedwithanolderladyinashelterwhileotherssleptonthestreets.Foryears,mymumhasbeenhelpingoutbygivingthemwhateverfoodshecouldspare.Iwassoimpressedby(32)selflessshewas.(B)Stress:GoodorBad?Stressusedtobeanalmostunknownword,butnowthatweareusedtotalking

17、aboutit,Ihavefoundthatpeoplearebeginningtogetstressedaboutbeingstressed.Inrecentyears,stress(33)(regard)asacauseofawholerangeofmedicalproblems,fromhighbloodpressuretomentalillness.Butlikesomanyotherthings,itisonlytoomuchstress(34)doesyouharm.Itistimeyouconsideredthatiftherewerenostressinyourlife,you

18、wouldachievealittle.Ifyouarestuckathomewithnostress,thenyourlevelofperformancewillbelow.Uptoacertainpoint,themorestressyouareunder,the(35)(good)yourperformancewillbe.Beyondacertainpoint,though,furtherstresswillonlyleadtoexhaustion,illnessandfinallyabreakdown.Youcantellwhenyouareoverthetopandonthedow

19、nwardslope,byaskingyourself(36)numberofquestions.Doyou,forinstance,feelthattoomuchisbeingexpectedof(37),andyetfinditimpossibletosayno?Doyoufindyourselfgettingimpatientof(38)(annoy)withpeopleoverunimportantthings?.Iftheanswertoallthosequestionsisyes,youhadbetter(39)(control)yourstress,asyouprobablyar

20、eundermorestressthanisgoodforyou.Tosomeextentyoucancontroltheamountofstressinyourlife.Doctorshaveworkedoutachartshowinghowmuchstressisinvolvedinvariousevents.Gettingmarriedis50,pregnancy40,movinghouse20,Christmas12,etc.Ifthetotalstressinyourlifeisover150,youaretwiceaslikely(40)(get)ill.SectionBDirec

21、tions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.accountB.adjustableC.appliancesD.captureE.decorationsF.directG.experimentH.intendedI.operatedJ.soullessK.squeezeGoldenRulesofGoodDesignWhatmakesgooddesign?Overtheyears,designers

22、andartistshavebeentryingto41theessentialsofgooddesign.Theyhavefoundthatsomesayingscanhelppeopleunderstandtheideasofgooddesign.Therearefourasfollows.Lessismore.ThissayingisassociatedwiththeGerman-bornarchitectMiesvanderRohe.InhisModernistview,beautyliesinsimplicityandelegance,andtheaimofthedesigneris

23、tocreatesolutionstoproblemsthroughthemostefficientmeans.Designshouldavoidunnecessary42Moreisnotabore.TheAmerican-bornarchitectRobertVenturiconcludedthatifsimplicityisdonebadly,theresultis43design.Post-Modernistdesignersbeganto44withdecorationandcoloragain.Productdesignwasheavilyinfluencedbythisviewa

24、ndcanbeseeninkitchen45suchasovensandkettles.Fitnessforpurpose.Successfulproductdesigntakesintoconsiderationaproductsfunction,purpose,shape,form,color,andsoon.Themostimportantresultfortheuseristhattheproductdoeswhatis46.Forexample,thinkofa(n)47desklamp.Itneedstobeconstructedfrommaterialsthatwillstand

25、theheatofthelampandregularadjustmentsbytheuser.Italsoneedstobestable.Mostimportantly,itneedsto48lightwhereitisneeded.Fromfollowsemotion.ThisphraseisassociatedwiththeGermandesignerHartmutEsslinger.Hebelievesdesignmusttakeinto49thesensorysideofournaturesight,smell,touchandtaste.Theseareasimportantasra

26、tional(理性旳).Whenchoosingeverydayproductssuchastoothpaste,weappreciateacool-lookingdevicethatallowsustoeasily50thetoothpasteontoourbrush.III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfits

27、thecontext.Inthe1960s,DouglasMcGregor,oneofthekeythinkersintheartofmanagement,developedthemowfamousTheoryXandTheoryY.TheoryXistheideathatpeopleinstinctively51workandwilldoanythingtoavoidit.TheoryYistheviewthateveryonehasthepotentialtofindsatisfactioninwork.Inanycase,despitesomuchevidencetothe52,many

28、managersstillagreetoTheoryX.Theybelieve,53,thattheiremployeesneedconstantsupervisioniftheyaretoworkeffectively,orthatdecisionsmustbeimposedfrom54withoutconsultation.This,ofcourse,makesforauthoritarian(专制旳)managers.Differentcultureshavedifferentwaysof55people.Unlikeauthoritarianmanagement,someculture

29、s,particularlyinAsia,arewellknownfortheconsultativenatureofdecision-makingallmembersofthedepartmentorworkgroupareaskedto56tothisprocess.Thisismanagementbythecollectiveopinion.ManywesterncompanieshavetriedtoimitatesuchAsianwaysofdoingthings,whicharebasedongeneral57.Someexpertssaythatwomenwillbecomemo

30、reeffectivemanagersthanmenbecausetheyhavethepowertoreachcommongoalsinawaythattraditional58managerscannot.Arecenttrendhasbeentoencourageemployeestousetheirowninitiative,tomakedecisionsontheirownwithout59managersfirst.Thisempowerment(授权)hasbeenpartofthetrendtowardsdownsizing:60thenumberofmanagementlay

31、ersincompanies.Afterde-layeringinthisway,acompanymaybe61withjustatoplevelofseniormanagers,front-linemanagersandemployeeswithdirectcontactwiththepublic.Empowermenttakestheideaofdelegation(托付)muchfurtherthanhas62beenthecase.Empowermentanddelegationmeannewformsofmanagementcontrolto63thattheoverallbusin

32、essplanisbeingfollowed,andthatoperationsbecomemoreprofitableundertheneworganization,ratherthanless.Anothertrendisoff-siteor64management,whereteamsofpeoplelinkedbye-mailandtheInternetworkonprojectsfromtheirownhouses.Projectmanagersevaluatethe65oftheteammembersintermsofwhattheyproduceforprojects,ratherthantheamountoftime