高考英语考点 28介词短语.docx

1、高考英语考点 28介词短语考点二十八 介词短语常用介词短语1.介词与名词的常用搭配（1）at +名词 表示状态at a loss 不知所措 at peace 处于和平中 at sea 在海上 at work 在工作 at breakfast 早餐时 at rest 静止，不动 at war 在战争中（2）at +n 表示时间at Christmas 在圣诞节 at dawn 在黎明 at midnight 在午夜 at noon 在正午 at sunrise 在日出 at dusk 在黄昏 at daybreak 在拂晓 at night 在夜里 at present 目前（3）以at 开头的

2、介词短语at the beginning of 在开始at the cost of 以的代价at the end of 以的尽头at the foot of 在脚下at the mercy of在支配下，任由摆布at the price of 以的价格at the risk of 冒的危险at the sight of 一看到就（4）on +n 表示状态on a trip journey tour 在旅行on display 陈列on duty guard 在值班 在警戒on exhibition 在展览on fire 着火on line 在工作（在运行） on sale 出售，打折on ho

3、liday vacation 在度假on show 在展出on the decrease 在减少on the go 在忙碌on the march 在进行中on the way 在途中 on trial在受审（5）以on 开头的介词短语on account of 因为 on behalf of 代表on condition that 在的条件下 ，如果on no account condition occasion 决不on the basis of 以为基础on the occasion 在时（6）by +n 表示方式by accident 偶然by chance 偶然by force 用暴

4、力by mistake 错误地by nature 天生地by telegraph 以电报方式by air plane 乘飞机by coincidence 碰巧by hand 用手工by the day 按天算by radio通过无线电by weight volume size number按体重体积大小数量（7）in +n 表示方式in cash 用现金付款in depth 在深度上in width在宽度上in detail 详细地in English 用英语in length 在长度上in shape 在外形上in height 在海拔上in ink 用墨水in size 在大小上（8）in

5、 +n 表示状态in anger 生气地in bed 在床上in danger处于危险中in debt 负债in despair 绝望in doubt 不确定，拿不准in fear 在恐惧中in high spirits 情绪高昂地in peace 平静地in print 已出版in public 公开地in rags 穿着破烂in secret 秘密地in surprise 惊奇地in battle 在战斗中in comfort 舒服地in delight 高兴地in difficultly 处于困难中in order 就绪in practice 在实际中in ruins 成为废墟in sp

6、ace 在太空中in trouble 在困难中in view 看得见in silence 沉默着in use 使用中in wonder 惊奇地（9）以in开头的介词短语in the face of 面对in addition to 另外in case of 万一；如果in celebration of 为庆祝in charge of 掌管in consequence of 由于in control to 管理；控制in contrast to 与相似in exchange for 作为交换in favor of 支持；赞成in front of 害怕in honour of 为向表示敬意in

7、memory of为了纪念in need of 需要in no time 立刻in no case 决不in no way 决不in place of 代替in possession of 拥有，占用in praise of 表扬in preparation of 为做准备in respect of 关于in response to 作为回应in return 作为回报in support of 为支持in spite of 尽管in support ofin the direction of 在方向in the front of 在前面（内部）in the habit of 有习惯in th

8、e hope of 抱着的希望in the middle of 在中间（10）of+ n 表示特征（等于相应的形容词）of benefit 有益处的of help 有帮助的of importance 重要的of interest 有趣的of significance 有意义的of use 有用的of value 有价值的（11）out of +n 表示状态out of balance 失去平衡out of breath 上气不接下气out of business 停业，歇业out of control 不受控制out of danger 脱离危险out of date 过期out of deb

9、t不欠债out of fashion 不流行out of luck不走运out of mind 发狂out of office在野out of order 出故障out of patience 不耐烦out of shape 走样，不成形out of season过季out of sight看不到out of the question 不可能out of question 毫无疑问out of trouble 摆脱困难out of work 失业（12）under +n 表示被动under attack 遭到袭击under consideration 在考虑中under constructio

10、n 在建造中under control 处于控制之中under discussion 在讨论中under pressure 在压力下under repair 在修理中under treatment 在治疗中under way 在进行中（13） 以under 开头的短语under the care of 在的看护下under the command of 在的统帅下under the control of 在的控制下under the direction of 在的指导下under the influence of 在的影响下under the protection of 在的庇护下under

11、the treatment of 在的治疗下under the leadership of 在的领导下（14）with + n 表示生气With anger 生气地With courage 勇敢地 With difficultly 困难地With fear 害怕地With pleasure 乐意地With satisfaction 满意地With kindness 亲切地With confidence 有信心地With delight joy 高兴地With ease 轻而易举地With interest 兴趣地With pride 骄傲地With success成功地（15）beyond +

12、n 表示“超出，难以”beyond compare 无与伦比beyond comprehension 难以理解beyond control 失控beyond description 难以描述beyond doubt 不用怀疑 ，确切beyond expression 难以表达beyond measure 非常；及其beyond question 无可争议beyond reach 够不到beyond words 难以表达beyond ones wildest dreams 左门都没想到，远远出乎所料2. 形容词与介词的常用搭配（1）adj+ aboutbe anxious about 忧虑be

13、careful about 小心be concerned about 担心be curious about 对好奇be excited about 对感到兴奋be particular about 对讲究/ 挑剔be serious about 对认真be sorry about对感到抱歉be sure about对有把握be upset about对感到不高兴be worried about对担心（2）adj+ atbe angry 恼怒于be astonished at 对吃惊be bad at 不擅长be delighted at 因而高兴be disappointed at 对失望be

14、 good at擅长be present at 出席be skilled at 在擅长方面很熟练be surprised at 对吃惊（3）adj+ inbe absorbed in 专注于be active in 积极于be confident in 对有信心be diligent in 勤于be dressed in 穿着be engaged in 忙于be excellent in 在方面优秀be experienced in 在方面有经验be expert in 擅长be interested in在感兴趣be involved in 包括在中，被卷入be lacking in 缺乏b

15、e occupied in 忙于be rich in 富有be slow in 迟迟不be successful in 在成功be weak in 不擅长（4）adj +forbe anxious for 急切盼望，渴望be eager for渴望be famous for以著名be fit for 适合be good for 对有益be hungry for 渴望be late for 迟到be prepared for 为做好准备be ready for 准备好be sorry for对感到抱歉be thankful for 因而感激be unfit for不适合（5）adj +fromb

16、e absent from 缺席be different from 不同于be far from 远离be free from 不受影响be safe from 免受的伤害（6）adj + tobe blind to 对是盲目的be close to 接近be contrary to 与相反be deaf to 不愿意听be devoted to 致力于be equal to 等于be fair to 对公平be familiar to 对来说熟悉be friendly to 对友好be good to 对好be grateful to 对心存感激be harmful to 对有危害be im

17、portant to 对重要be kind to对友好be known to为所熟悉be married to 与结婚be necessary to 对有必要be opposed to 反对be opposite to 与对立be polite to对有礼貌be rude to对无礼be second to 次于be similar to 与相似be thankful to 感激be useful to对有用be /get used to 习惯于（7）adj + of be afraid of 害怕be ashamed of 为感到羞耻be aware of 意识到be capable of

18、能够be composed of 由组成be fond of 喜欢be full of 充满be proud of 因而自豪be short of 短缺be sure / certain of 坚信，确信be tired of 厌倦be worthy of 值得be /get rid of 除去、摆脱（8）adj + with be angry with（sb）对（某人）发怒 be busy with 忙于be combined with 与结合be concerned with 与相关；涉及be connected with与有关be content with 对满意be covered w

19、ith 被覆盖be crowded with 充满be familiar with 对熟悉be filled with充满be patient with 对有耐心be pleased with对感到满意be popular with 受的欢迎be satisfied with 对满意be sick with 患病3.其他常用短语 according to 根据along with 随着together with连同because of 因为but for 要不是next to 在隔壁owing to 因为up to 直到，由而定by means of 有助于by way of 经由for fe

20、ar of 唯恐for the good of为了的利益for lack of 因为缺乏for the purpose of 为了for the sake of为了缘故 for life一生，终生1. I am always delighted when I receive an email from you. _ the party on July 1st I shall be pleased to attend .A. On account of B. In response to C. In view of D. With regard to2. _ everyone here, I w

21、ish you a pleasant journey back to your country.A. By means of B. On behalf of C. In search of D. For fear of3. Mrs. Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess, as her children are always _ whenever she tries to.A. in the way B. on watch C. in sight D. on the line (2018天津卷) Bob thought he couldnt go t

22、o the party because he had to write a report, but he went _.A. at first B. after all C. above all D. at random【答案】B【解析】句意：鲍勃认为他不能去参加聚会，因为他不得不写一份报告，但他终究去了。A起初；B毕竟，终究；C首先；D随便地。根据前面的转折连词可知，与前面情况相反，故选B。1. (2018江苏卷) Chinas soft power grows _ the increasing appreciation and understanding of China globally

23、.A. in line with B. in reply to C. in return for D. in honour of【答案】A【解析】考查介词短语词义辨析及语境理解。句意：中国的软实力增长与日俱增与全球对中国的赏识和理解相一致。A. in line with按照；与一致；B. in reply to答复；C. in return for作为的报答；D. in honour of为纪念，为庆祝。故选A。2.(2017江苏卷) Determining where we are _ our surroundings remains an essential skill for our s

24、urvival.A. in contrast to B. in defense of C. in face of D. in relation to【答案】D 【解析】考查介词短语。A. in contrast to对比，截然不同；B. in defense of为辩护；C. in face of面对；D. in relation to与有关。句意：根据周围的环境辨别方位仍然是我们生存的一项极其重要的技能。故选D。3. (2017天津卷) We offer an excellent education to our students. _, we expect students to work

25、 hard.A. On average B. At best C. in return D. After all【答案】C【解析】考查介词短语辨析。试题分析:句意:我们给我们的学生们提供极好的教育，作为回报，我们期待我们的学生们努力学习。A.平均起来，一般说来 B.最多，充其量 C.作为汇报 D.毕竟，终究。根据句意选C4.（2016天津）The dictionary is _: many words have been added to the language since it was published. A. out of control B. out of date C. out o

26、f sight D. out of reach【答案】B【解析】句意：这本字典过时了：自从它被出版，很多单词被增加到这个语言中。A失去控制；B过时的；C看不见的；D够不着的。故选B。5.（2016浙江）That young man is honest , cooperative , always there when you need his help ._, hes reliable.A. Or else B. In short C. By the way D. For one thing【答案】B【解析】句意：这个年轻人是诚实的，有合作精神的，当你需要他的帮助的时候，总是在那里。简言之，他

27、是可靠的。A 否则；B简言之；C顺便说一下；D首先。故选B。6.（2016浙江） I have always enjoyed all the events you organized and I hope to attend in the coming years A. little more B. no more C.much more D.many more 【答案】D【解析】句意：我一直很喜欢你组织的所有的活动并且希望在未来的几年里参加更多的活动。A.没有这个搭配；B.不再；C.多得多（修饰不可数名词）；D. many more更多（修饰可数名词）。这里修饰的是上文的activities

28、。故选D。一 历年考题1.Why do you suggest we buy a new machine?Because the old one has been damaged _.A. beyond reach B. beyond repair C. beyond control D. beyond description2. This special school accepts all disabled students, _ educational level and background.A. according to B. regardless of C. in addition

29、 to D. in terms of3. So far we have done a lot to build a low-carbon economy, but it is _ ideal. We have to work still harder.4. Wed better discuss everything _ before we work out the plan.A. in detail B. in general C. on purpose D. on time5. Thank God youre safe! I stepped back, just _ to avoid the racing car.A. in time B. in case C. in need D. in vain6. I am always delighted when I receive an email from you. _ the party on July 1 st I shall be p