教学设计海南省三亚市民族中学.docx

1、教学设计海南省三亚市民族中学海南省三亚市民族中学20142015学年度第一学期高三英语公开课教学设计高中英语高考复习短文改错导学案（黄秋花）一、短文改错题解题策略与技巧（一）考查方向短文改错的设错题一般有两类：语法错误和逻辑错误。语法错误包括词法错误和句法错误，如：冠词、介词、名词单复数、动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词、主谓一致、形容词、副词、代词、连词和语义重复等方面；逻辑错误涉及整体理解、语言运用和逻辑推理判断。在试卷中，在试题导语中加入说明“假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的作文。”这就说明短文改错的宗旨就是针对我们中国学生在英语写作中常见的尤其是“中国式英语”错

2、误而设计的。（二）备考策略1. 牢固掌握语法知识，建立清晰的语法框架在平时复习练习中，要把主要语法知识复习透彻，尤其对各种词类的句法作用做到了如指掌。只有把语法知识的清晰框架结构建立起来，才能在做短文改错时思路清晰，切中考点。2. 书面表达与短文改错相结合在书面表达训练中一定要提高运用语言的准确性。写完不要等老师批改，先把自己的习作当作一篇短文改错来修改，看看时态运用是否得当，词类应用是否正确，名词的人称和单复数是否有误等。（三）做题技巧1. 浏览全文，掌握大意通读短文，把握全篇主旨，弄清上下文的逻辑关系。有时孤立地分析某个句子，其结构正确、语义通顺，无错可改，但如果联系上下文，便会发现有的句

3、子中有不合逻辑的地方，须作出改正2. 反复阅读，逐句找错读懂文章后，要逐句分析在句法、语法、行文逻辑方面是否有错。具体注意以下几点：（1）整篇文章的语态、时态是否前后一致。（2）名词的数与格，名词前该不该用冠词，用什么冠词。（3）习惯用语、固定搭配是否完整，有无缺少或多余介词、副词现象。（4）非谓语动词的形式运用是否正确。（5）并列复合句中的连词运用是否正确。（6）主从复合句中的关系代词/副词、从属连词/代词、副词的运用是否正确；主从复合句中的定语从句、名词从句、状语从句的形式及运用是否正确。（7）代词的运用与结构是否正确，尤其是人称代词、物主代词、反身代词以及it作形式主语/宾语的用法是否正

4、确。（8）形容词、副词的用法，包括形容词/副词的比较级、最高级的用法是否正确。3. 由易到难，各个击破改错要从最简单熟悉的项目入手，先从语法角度入手，再从逻辑方面考虑，最后推敲难题。4. 检查核对，反复推敲最后反复浏览核对改后的全文，看全篇是否语义通顺。要检查是否完全按照短文改错题型的要求和规范做题。二、口诀巧解短文改错下面从语法和逻辑的角度，用口诀的形式，向同学们介绍英语短文改错中最常见的几类错误。动词形，名词数，注意形容词副词；非谓动词细辨别，习惯用法要记住；句子成分多分析，逻辑错误须关注。一、动词形主要包括两类错误：动词的时态和语态错误，以及主、谓不一致的错误。例如：1. My favo

5、urite sport is football. Iwasa member of our school football team.am2. Now my picture and prizeishanging in the library. are 上述两例分别属于时态错误和主、谓不一致错误。找出此类错误的关键是树立牢固的时态概念，注意短文内容发生或存在的时间，保持时间概念的一致性。二、名词数指名词单、复数形式的用法错误。常表现为将名词复数写成单数。例如：1. so that Ill get good marks in all mysubject. subjects三、 区分形和副及区分形容词

6、和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法。这也是高考短文改错的常考点。例如：1.Im sure well have awonderfullytime together. wonderful2.Unfortunate, there are too many people in my family. Unfortunately需要注意的是，形容词多用来做定、表、补语等，而副词只能在句子中作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。第一例中的wonderful作定语修饰time，第二句的Unfortunately作状语修饰整个句子。四、非谓动词细辨别这是考查最多的错误形式之一。主要有分词和动名词类错误，也包括不

7、定式类错误。例如：1. in my spare time, but now I aminterestingin football. interested2.Playfootball not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also playing3. My parents love me and will do all they can make sure to上述二、三例分别是动名词作主语，和不定式作目的状语。一般的，现在分词有主动态和进行时的含义，而过去分词具有被动态和完成时的含义，不定式有将来时态的含义。五、习惯用法要记住主要考查习惯搭

8、配方面的基础知识。这也是历年高考的常考点，其错误表现形式主要有三种：多词、少词和搭配错误。例如：1. It was very kindforthem to meet me at the railway station and of2. We must keep in mind that we play for the team instead ourselves. of六、句子成分多分析不同的句子成分要用不同的词类；不同的语景要选择不同的词语。这些都有待我们对句子结构和句子成分作细致的分析，才能找出用词不当的错误。例如：1. They eager to know everything abou

9、t China and were2. I live in Beijing,whereis the capital of China. which第一例漏掉了谓语动词were，这是由于习惯的影响而导致的错误；第二例则是词类与它在句子中的成分不相符，where是副词，不能作主语。七、逻辑错误须关注与句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，属于逻辑性错误。如称谓上的张冠李戴，人名、地名、时间、方位等方面的错误，常是这类错误的考查对象。例如：1.The Smiths didhisbest to make me feel at home. their2. First, let me tell you some

10、thingmoreabout myself.3. no way of setting the matter except by selling the set. Nowsomeoneat home readsinstead. everyone上述第一例中的主语是Smiths（史密斯夫妇俩），因此后面的his不合逻辑。第二例中的more在这儿表“再”的意思，才开始告诉别人，怎么能说“再告诉你一些事”？第三例讲的是为了解决看电视时的争端，“我们”把电视机卖了；晚上没电视看了，所以与从前一样，大家又都读书了，所以该用everyone。除了上述错误类型外，常考的错误形式还有：连词but, and, o

11、r和so的用法错误（可以归类为逻辑错误），以及冠词的用法错误等。例如：1. She was smilingbutnodding at me. and2. It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitoranda guest. or3. We may be one family and live underasame roof. the下面的短文改错题较全面地反映了本文的口诀。现在请你试着做一做，然后参阅题后的答案与简析。Last week my parents and I took a two-day trip to EmeiMountain in

12、 Sichuan. As everyone knows, its famousMountain have all kinds of plants and animals. The weatherwas fine. It was about noon we arrived at the foot ofthe mountain, the three of them were very excited. As weclimbed the mountain, we ed monkeys, visiting templesand told stories. On the way up I was bus

13、y taking picturesince the scenery was so beautiful. The time passes quickly.Evening came down. We spent the night in a hotel at the topof the mountain. The food was expensive and the service wasgood. I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment myhead touched the pillow.答案与简析： famous前加上a。（名词数）/ h

14、ave改为with/having / we前面加when，引导一个时间状语从句。（句子成分多分析）/ themus （逻辑错误须关注） / visitingvisited（非谓动词细辨别）/ picturepictures（名词数）/ passespassed（动词形） / 去掉down（习惯用法要记住）/ andbut（but, and, or和so）/ 去掉at（句子成分多分析 / 习惯用法要记住）。短文改错练习下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写上该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。 修改：在错的词

15、下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。( 1 )One rainy day while I was walking home with one of my friend, a truck came to a stop besides us.The driver put the window down and offered us a umbrella because he found we were wet through.I stood there and couldnt believe in that a complete stranger is so thoughtful.The ma

16、n insisted,so I grateful accepted the offer,thanked him and watched the truck disappear down the road.This man might need the umbrella himself, and he preferred to give it to everyone else.It was a lesson to us that it was possible give without expect anything in return.( 2 )When I was in high schoo

17、l, most of my friend had bicycles.I hoped I could also have it .One day I saw a second-hand bicycle, that was only one hundred yuan .I asked my father the money.But he said he could only give me half of the money. He should find the other half myself. So I went to sell newspapers after the school. M

18、y father was pleased if I showed him the money a month after. He gives me the other fifty.You can imagine how much happy I was when I rode to school on my own bicycle.( 3 )Dear Mrs.Winthorp,So my first week at college is over!No lectures this morning so I think Id e-mail you and let you know what th

19、ings are going. Im glad to say that anything has worked out fine in the dorm.I remember asking for a room as far away from the lifts as possible and they find me a comfortable one on second floor.There are two girls from my course here and I plan to make friend with them so that we can help each oth

20、er on the course work.Everyone else seems very nice and warmly here.Well,I had better to stop now.Im going to attend mine first lesson this afternoon, for Ive got some preparation to make.Keep in touch. Best, Carol过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语教 学 设 计分析、评价反思、体会课题过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语教学目标知识与能力（1）理解过去分词的构成，否定式及意义；（2）掌握过

21、去分词作定语，表语和宾语补足语的功能（3）培养学生比较、分析、运用非谓语动词的能力。过程与方法（1）用讲练结合的方法，通过讨论、分析过程，练习运用归纳过去分词的构成及含义；培养学生解决非谓语能力。（2）启发学生积极思维，锻炼学生的分析能力。情感态度价值观培养学生学习英语语法的兴趣，进行语法要点横向及纵向的比较、提升分析推理能力。（2）体会英语语法的运用辩证关系。重点过去分词作定语，表语及宾语补足语与现在分词及动词不定式的区别难点过去分词作定语，表语及宾语补足语与现在分词及动词不定式的运用教学策略教法选择教学方法采用讨论、比较、运用等方式，将理论与练习有机的结合起来。学法引导课堂上，尽可能多的留

22、给学生参与教学的思维空间。恰当的设疑，引导学生猜想，再通过举例和练习比较分析，最后得出结论。学生既实现了从感性知识到理性知识的飞跃，又体会到了“设疑-猜想-练习-分析-结论”的研究方法课堂组织形式分成12小组，采用小组讨论与交流、竞赛、探究的形式教具媒体应用学案，黑板，录音机，播放器一、导入:用录音机播放Book8 Unit3Reading的磁带；让同学们再听课文的同时发掘有关过去分词作定语、表语及宾语补足语的句子。请同学们思考，这些句子中所存在的过去分词的构成和含义。并与小组成员进行讨论最终得出结论，并以竞争的形式进行结论的呈现。二、过去分词构成及意义：A watched pot never

23、 boils. 心急锅不开There only seemed to be powdersdesigned to kilt snakes.I placed thefrozenbowl over the snakeshabitat.The criteria are so strict that it is difficult to get new ideas.过去分词短语：可以带有自己的宾语或被状语修饰。过去分词的否定式：not /never+v-ed过去分词的意义：一般表示完成和被动的动作。补充：1.Given more time, I could have done it better.1及物

24、动词的-ed形式通常带有被动完成意义或被动一般意义。2. We should bring inadvancedtechnology fromdevelopedcountries.不及物动词的-ed形式仅表示完成意义，没有被动含义。 过去分词作定语、表语、宾语补足语的功能：（一）、.过去分词做定语：1.前置定语：单个过去分词后置定语：过去分词短语Thelosttime can never be found again.Is there anythingplanned for tonight. that are planned for tonight.注：有时表强调或left等单个动词-ed也能后

25、置The bookleft(剩余的书)are for my students.Among thoseinvited(被邀请的人)were some ladies.口诀：分词做定语的位置“定分”位置有二条，词前词后定分晓。单个分词在词前，有时此规有颠倒。分词短语在词后，“定从”和它互对照。“现分”动作进行时，“过分”动作完成了。注：“定分”：做定语的分词；“定从”：定语从句；“现分”：现在分词；“过分”：过去分词。1. v-ed和v-ing作定语区别the risen sun升起了的太阳 the rising sun正在升起的太阳developed countries developing co

26、untriesboiled water 开水 boiling water 正沸腾的水fallen leawes 落叶 falling leaves 正在飘落的叶子iced beer 冰冻啤酒 spoken English 英语口语The buildingbuilt(build)last year is our library.being built(build)now will be our libraryto be built(build )next year wiu be our library.（二）过去分词作表语：1、多表示语所处的状态，位于系动词之后：The shop has rem

27、ainedshutfor a week.All of os weremovedto tears at the sorrowful story.she lookedtiredwith cooking.2、比较：过去分词作表语-被动语态Peter the Greatis buriedhere 就埋葬于此。（状语的状态）Peter the Greatwas buriedhere 被埋葬于此（被动的动作）3、v-ed l v-ing 作表语的区别：人作主语 物作主语“觉得” “令人”His lecture isinteresting, which made vsinterestedI aminterestedin hi