高考英语总复习语法专题复习指导2 动词的时态含答案.docx

1、高考英语总复习语法专题复习指导2 动词的时态含答案高考英语总复习语法专题复习指导：动词的时态 一. 概念:时态是英语谓语动词的一种形式,表示动作发生的时间和所处的状态.英语中的时态是通过动词形式本身的变化来实现的.英语有16种时态,但中学阶段较常用的有十种:一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,过去将来时,现在进行时,过去进行时,将来进行时,过去完成时,英在完成时和现在完成进行时.二.要点精讲1.一般现在时的用法1） 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。时间状语： every, sometimes,at, on Sunday。例如： I leave home for school

2、 at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。2） 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。例如： The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。 Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部。3） 表示格言或警句。例如： Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。 注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。例：Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在

3、的状态。例如：时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。例如： Where did you go just now? 刚才你上哪儿去了？2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。例如： When I was a child, I often played football in the street. 我是个孩子的时候，常在马路上踢足球。Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.那时，布朗一家

4、无论什么时候去，都受到热烈欢迎。3）句型：It is time for sb. to do sth 到时间了 该了。例如：It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。 It is time that sb. did sth. 时间已迟了 早该了 ， Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years. （含义：现在还住在肯塔基州，有可能指刚离去）注意： 用过去时表示现在，表示委婉语气。1）动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。例如： Did you want anything

5、else? 您还要些什么吗？ I wondered if you could help me. 能不能帮我一下。2）情态动词 could, would。例如： Could you lend me your bike? 你的自行车，能借用一些吗？4） be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事。例如： He is about to leave for Beijing. 他马上要去北京。 注意：be about to do 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。 4. 一般现在时表将来 1）下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, st

6、art, begin, return的一般现在时可以表示将来，主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。例如：The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes. 汽车什么时候开？十分钟后。2）以here, there等开始的倒装句，表示动作正在进行。例如：5. 用现在进行时表示将来 下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等现在进行时可以表示将来。例如： Im leaving tomorr

7、ow. 明天我要走了。 Are you staying here till next week? 你会在这儿呆到下周吗？3）现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.。 一般过去时常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。例如：I saw this film yesterday. （强调看的动作发生过了）I have seen this film. （强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了）Why did

8、you get up so early? （强调起床的动作已发生过了）Who hasnt handed in his paper? （强调有卷子未交，疑为不公平竞争）He has been in the League for three years. （在团内的状态可延续）He has been a League member for three years. （是团员的状态可持续） 句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如yesterday, last, week, in 1960）9.过去完成时 1） 概念：表示过去的过去-|-|-|- 其构成是had +过去分词构成。那时以前 那时 现在 2） 用

9、法 a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。例如： She said （that）she had never been to Paris. 她告诉我她曾去过巴黎。 Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party. 汤姆失望了，因为他到达晚会时，大部分客人已经走了。10. 用一般过去时代替过去完成时 1）两个动作如按顺序发生，又不强调先后，或用then，and，but 等连词时，多用一般过去时。例如： When she saw

10、the mouse，she screamed. 她看到老鼠，就叫了起来。12现在进行时 现在进行时的基本用法： a. 表示现在（指说话人说话时）正在发生的事情。例如： We are waiting for you. 我们正在等你。 b. 习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。例如： My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. 我兄弟骑车时摔了下来，受了伤。 It was raining when they left the station. 他们离开车站时，正下着雨。 When I g

11、ot to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.我到达山顶时，阳光灿烂。15. 一般现在时代替一般将来时 When, while, before, after, till, once, as soon as, so long as, by the time, if, in case （that）, unless, even if, whether, the moment, the minute, the day, the year, immediately等引导的时间状语从句，条件句中，用一般现在时代替将来时。例如：He is going

12、to visit her aunt the day he arrives in Beijing. 他一到北京，就去看他姨妈。18. 一般现在时代替现在进行时。 在Here comes/There goes等句型里，用一般现在时代替现在进行时。例如： There goes the bell. 铃响了。 3、I don t know whether Mother_ me to Beijing next month.(take)4、She _ on her coat and went out. (put)5、 “What are they doing?” “They_ ready for the s

13、ports meeting.” (get)6、The boy asked his mother _him go and play basketball.(let)18、Our teacher told us if it _(not snow) we would visit the Science Museum the next day.19、They often _ (play) football in the afternoon.20、A: Whatre you doing Dad? B: I_(mend) the radio.21、Lets _(carry) the boxes to th

14、e house.22、Yesterday she _(want) very much to see the film, but she couldnt _(get) a ticket.23、I _(write) to you as soon as I get to Shanghai.24、Mike _(visit) several places since he came to Beijing.34、Wei Fang isnt here. She _ (go) to the reading-room.35、The story _ (happen) long ago.45、The student

15、s_ (clean) their classroom tomorrow.46、The windows of our lab _ (clean) once a week.47、Our teacher _ (join) the party twenty years ago.48、The boys_ (have) a basketball match now. Lets _(go) and _(watch).49、She_ (work) in this factory for ten years.50、 “What makes you _ (think) Im a farmer?” the Frenchman asked.四.答案 1. comes2. stopped3. will take4. put5. are getting6. to let7. waiting8. took to finish9. is10. do11. is singing12. Was