高中高考英语知识汇总真题+解析+教程+练习+答案第15+章陈述句疑问句祈使句和感叹句.docx

1、高中高考英语知识汇总真题+解析+教程+练习+答案第15+章陈述句疑问句祈使句和感叹句第十五章 陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句第一节 真题精析1. Ive never seen anyone run so fast - _ David go. 【浙江卷-32】A. just watch B. just to watch C. just watching D. just having watched2.English has large vocabulary, hasnt it? Yes, _ more words and expressions and you will find it easi

2、er to read and communicate. 【上海卷-44】A. Know B. Knowing C. To know D. Known3. Sorry, Joe, I didnt mean to【NMET2003】 Dont call me “Joe”. Im Mr Parker to you, and you forget it! Ado Bdidnt Cdid Ddont4._it with me and Ill see what I can do. 【NMET1998】 A. When left B. Leaving C. If you leave D. Leave5.Al

3、ice, you feed the bird today,_ ? But I fed it yesterday. 【NMET1999】 A. do you B. will you C. didnt you D. dont you6. She never tells a lie, _? (1984) A. does she B. doesnt she C. does not she D. isnt it7. She hardly ever speaks to you in English, _? (1986) A. does she B. doesnt she C. can she D. can

4、t she 8. Its a fine day. Lets go fishing, _? (1990) A. wont we B. will we C. dont we D. shall we9. Dont smoke in the meeting room,_?(1991) A.do you B.will you C.can you D.could you10. Be sure to write to us, _? (1993) A. will you B. arent you C. can you D. mustnt you11. -You havent been to Beijing,h

5、ave you? -_.How I wish to go there! (1998) A.Yes,I have B.Yes,I havent C.No,I have D.No,I havent12. Susans found her pass, _? (1986, 上海) A. isnt she B. is she C. hasnt she D. was she13. I dont think youve heard of him before, _? (1990,上海) A. have you B. havent you C. do I D. dont you 14. He seldom h

6、as lunch at school,_? (1991,上海) A.hasnt he B.has he C.doesnt he D.does he15. He is expected to make a speech this afternoon, _?(1992,上海) A. is he not B. isnt he C. is not he D. isnt it 16. His wife had the front door painted green yesterday, _she? (1994, 上海) A. did B. had C. didnt D. hadnt17. I dont

7、 suppose anyone will volunteer,_?( 2001上海) A.do I B.dont I C.will they D.wont they18. If I knew the answer, I wouldnt be working, _? (1996,上海) A. didnt I B. did I C. would I D. wouldnt I19. The news that they failed their driving test discouraged him, _?(2000上海) A.did they B.didnt they C.did it D.di

8、dnt it20._some of this juice-perhaps Genll like it. (2000，春季) A.Trying B.Try C.To try D.Have tried21. _at the door before entering, please.(2001，春季京皖蒙卷) A.Knocked B.To knock C.Knocking D.Knock22. _! There is a train coming.(1990) A.Look out B.Look around C.Look forward D.Look at23._we have today!(19

9、83) A.A fine weather B.What a fine weather C.How a fine weather D.What fine weather24.Oh,John._you gave us!(1990) A.How a pleasant surprise B.How pleasant surprise C.What a pleasant surprise D.What pleasant surprise25._food youve cooked!(1991) A.How a nice B.What a nice C.How nice D.What nice26._ter

10、rible weather weve been having these days! (1992) A.How a B.What a C.How D.What27._from Beijing to London!(1993) A.How long way it is B.What a long way is it C.How long way is it D.What a long way it is28.-Please dont make a noise. -_.(MET1992) A.I dont B.I wont C.No,I wont D.Yes,I will【答案与解析】1. A 该

11、题根据交际情景考查祈使句的用法。句中的横线是指另起一句话，对前面的话加以解释、强调，故选择祈使句。句意：我从没看到有人跑这么快，看看大卫跑的。2. A 考查祈使句的用法。这个句子的构成应该为“祈使句 + and/ then/ or + 简单的陈述句”，在四个答案中只有A可以用来构成祈使句。句意：“英语词汇很多是吗？”“是的。如果你懂得更多的词汇和短语，你会发现阅读和交流更简单。”3D 该题考查在交际用语中祈使句的否定。句意：“对不起，Joe。我不是故意要”“不要叫我Joe。我是Parker先生，今后不要忘了。”前一句是干扰，这里是对别人的一种告诫，提醒注意，要用否定疑问句的一般现在时态。4D该

12、题考查祈使语气的句型结构。“祈使句+ and +陈述句”是一个固定的句型。在这个句型中， 前边的祈使句+ and表示一个肯定的条件，相当于if引导的条件状语从句。句意：把它留给我，我知道该怎么做。5B 该题考查反意疑问句的用法。句中：you feed the bird相当于feed the bird前加上you表示强调。will you，用来征求意见。句意：“爱丽丝，你今天喂鸟好吗？”“我昨天喂了。”6A 该题考查反意疑问句的用法。前面有自身否定副词never所以后面用肯定，此句时态是一般现在时，故选A。7A该题考查反意疑问句的用法。前面有自身否定副词hardly所以后面用肯定，此句时态是一般

13、现在时，故选A。8.D该题考查反意疑问句的用法。前面是lets构成的祈使句，故选D。9B该题考查反意疑问句的用法。前面是祈使句，反意疑问句用will you。10D该题考查反意疑问句的用法。前面是祈使句，反意疑问句用will you。11D该题考查反意疑问句的用法。对前否定后肯定的反意疑问的回答。句意：你没去过北京，是吗？是的，我多么希望去那。12C该题考查反意疑问句的用法。前肯定，后否定。13A该题考查反意疑问句的用法。前面的I dont think决定后面用肯定。助动词与主语要根据宾语从句决定。14D该题考查反意疑问句的用法。前面有自身否定副词seldom所以后面用肯定，此句时态是现在完成

14、时，故选D。15.B该题考查反意疑问句的用法。前肯定，后否定。16.C该题考查反意疑问句的用法。前肯定，后否定，此处had是行为动词。17C该题考查反意疑问句的用法。前面的I dont suppose决定后面用肯定。助动词与主语要根据宾语从句决定。18.C 该题考查反意疑问句的用法。前否定后肯定。19D该题考查反意疑问句的用法。前肯定，后否定。20.B 该题考查祈使句的用法。祈使句表示命令或请求。21D该题考查祈使句的用法。祈使句表示命令或请求。22.A该题考查祈使句的用法。祈使句表示劝告。23D该题考查感叹句的用法。weather为不可数名词，句型是：what+ 形容词+名词+主谓结构。24

15、.C该题考查感叹句的用法。Surprise作“惊喜”解时为可数名词，句型是：what+ a(n)+形容词+名词+主谓结构。25.D该题考查感叹句的用法。food为不可数名词，句型是：what+ 形容词+名词+主谓结构。26.D该题考查感叹句的用法。weather为不可数名词，句型是：what+ 形容词+名词+主谓结构。27.D该题考查感叹句的用法。way为可数名词，句型是：what+ a(n)+形容词+名词+主谓结构。28.C 该题考查对祈使句的回答。否定句用No, I wont.肯定句用，I will.第二节 考纲归纳一、陈述句用来叙述一个事实或观点的句子叫陈述句(declarative s

16、entence)。陈述句有肯定和否定两种形式，一般用降调，句末用句号。陈述句的语序一般是“主语+谓语部分”，或“主语+系动词+表语”。（一）否定结构1、用not和助动词或情态动词否定，not一般放在助动词或情态动词之后。The villagers didnt allow them to do this. 村民们没有允许他们这样做。2、用否定副词或代词否定not以外的否定词no、none、nobody、nothing、never、seldom、hardly、little、neither、nor等也构成陈述句的否定式。None of you watched carefully enough. 你们

17、当中谁都观察得不够仔细。We have never had women working in this part of our company before. 我们以前从来没有让女人在我们的公司这个部门工作过。3、部分否定不定代词或副词如all、both、every, everybody, every day everything, everyone, many, entirely, altogether, absolutely, wholly, completely, everywhere, always, often与not连用时，表示部分否定，意为“并非都是，不是每个都是”等。But I

18、m determined to enjoy myself as much as possible even though I cant see everything. 但是我决定要尽可能玩个痛快，即使我看不到所有的地方。How a telephone works is a question which not everyone can answer. 电话是怎样工作的这个问题并不是每一个都能回答上来的。Every couple is not a pair.完美的婚姻少。4、双重否定双重否定是指同一句子里出现两个否定词，即否定之否定。双重否定表示的意义是肯定的，通常比肯定句语气更重。这种结构有：

19、nonot, no(not)without, nobut, cant but+动词（不得不）, cant help doing, none but等。 He doesnt lend his book to nobody.他的书没有哪本不借。He cant make anything out of nothing.巧妇难为无米之炊。5、几乎否定几乎否定又称半否定，表示整个句子的意思接近否定。常用的词有little, few, seldom, barely, hardly, rarely, scarcely等。I have too little time to finish this work.

20、我的时间太少了，不能完成这项工作。She is old and rarely goes out.她年纪大了，很少外出。6、否定转移 （1）宾语从句的否定转移某些句子结构中，本应放在that从句中的否定词not往往被移至主句的谓语动词前，这种现象叫转移否定，这类动词believe, expect, suppose, think, imagine, fancy, reckon等候的宾语从句否定时否定主句谓语动词。主句主语是第一人称的一般现在时态。We dont think there is anything of interest in your pictures. 我们认为你的画没有什么有趣的地

21、方。I dont believe its necessary to buy the bigger one. 我认为没有必要买容量大一点的。 （2）否定主语转移否定谓语 No sound was heard.没听到声音。 Neither of them had their tickets. 他们都没有票。（3）否定谓语转为否定状语 He doesnt study in the classroom.他不在教室里学习。 He was not playing all the time.他没有一直玩。（4）否定介词转移否定谓语 On no condition should the circuit be

22、over loaded.电路在任何情况下都不得超负荷。 At no time will he give in.他任何时候都不会低头。二、疑问句疑问句(interrogative sentence)用来提出问题，句末须用问号。疑问句分为一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、反意疑问句和选择疑问句。（一）一般疑问句一般疑问句(general question)用来询问一件事情或一个情况是否属实，需要用肯定词yes或否定词no来回答。1、基本结构“be、have、助动词或情态动词+主语+谓语”-Are you good at sailing? 你赛艇很行吧？-Yes,in fact, Im on our city

23、 team. 是的，事实上，我是市赛艇队的。Do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when I came to your house and borrowed a necklace of yours? 10年前的一个下午，我到你家借过一条项链，你还记得吗？2、否定疑问句在一般疑问句的否定结构中，not放在主语之后，也常用缩略式，即将-nt和句首的be、have、助动词或情态动词连在一起。一般疑问句的否定结构往往用来表示提问人的惊讶、怀疑、邀请、赞叹等，回答时，yes后接肯定结构，no后接否定结构。-Hasnt he passed the fin

24、al examination?大考他没有及格吗？-Yes, he has. 不，他及格了。- Didnt he come to see you yesterday?他昨天没有去看你吗？-No, he didnt. 是的，他没来。3、可以不用yes和no回答的一般疑问句一般疑问句通常情况下用yes、no来回答，但在很多情况下需根据具体情况用其它答语，如certainly、of course、all right、not at all、perhaps、never，no way等。（1）回答介意与否 -Would you mind if I open the window?我开开窗户你介意吗？ -No

25、t at tall. (Certainly not!, Of course not)不介意。 - Im sorry but I would. Its could outside.对不起我介意，外面太冷了。 （2）拒绝或不能给予满意回答而表示道歉 -Could you come to the party this evening?你晚上能来参加完会吗？ -Id love to, but you see Im too busy.我愿意去，但我太忙了。 - Thats very kind of you, but Im afraid I cant.你真好，到我恐怕去不了。 -Can you retur

26、n the book in two days?你两天能还书吗？ -Sorry, but I can return it in four days.对不起，但我四天后能还。 -Is he a proper person for the job?他是干这项工作的合适人选吗？ - I dont think so.我不这样想。（3）接受邀请或要求 -will you send her a note for me ?你代我把这个纸条给她好吗？ - Id be glad to.乐意效劳。-May I look at the picture?我看看照片可以吗？-Certainly. Here you are

27、.当然。给你。（4）回答带有责备意味的句子 -Do you remember what I told you before?我以前告诉你的话你还记得吗？ - Im sorry, sir.对不起先生。I think you should phone Jenny and say sorry to her.我认为你该打电话给珍妮并向他道歉。No way. It was her fault.决不，那不是我的错。（5）对提问作出主观判断-Are the shoes too big?这双鞋太大吧？-I think they are all right.我看正合适。-Is anything the matt

28、er? 出了什么事吗？-Of course. 当然了。-Will he lend me some money? 他会把钱借给我吗?- Certainly not!当然不会！（6）对提出问题的不能确定-Whos taken my pen?谁把握的钢笔拿走了？-Let me see. Ah, its Tom.我想想。奥，是汤姆。（二）特殊疑问句特殊疑问句(special question)是用来对句子某一部分提问的疑问句，以疑问词开头。疑问词分为两种：疑问代词和疑问副词。1、疑问代词构成的特殊疑问句疑问代词who 谁（主格），whom谁（宾格），whose谁的，what什么，which哪个，用来对

29、主语、宾语、表语、定语、补语等提问。What will the money be used for? 资金用在什么上面呢？Which speech are you going to listen to this afternoon? 今天下午你打算听哪个报告？2、 疑问副词疑问副词when什么时候，where什么地方，why为什么，how怎样，用来对状语、表语、补语、定语等提问。-Where are you travelling to, Gary? 加里，你打算去哪儿旅行？-To London. 去伦敦。3、which和what用法区别which、what均可与名词连用，来就人或物提出疑问。当

30、选择余地不大时，一般用which；当选择余地比较大而到底有多少种可能性还不清楚时常用what。What harm does it do after all? 这到底有什么样的危害？Which parent is more important in the first year of life? 在出生后的第一年，父亲与母亲哪一位更重要？询问天气，用“whatlike?”；问候别人的健康，用how。4、how与whatlike用法区别对人和事物的性质（或持久的特性）提问用“what.like?”；询问变化的事物，如暂时的情况、情绪等用how。-What is your mother like? 你母亲是怎样一个人？-She is a very nice person. 她这个人非常好。 How does the boss look this morning?老板早上脸色如何?Whats the weather going to be like at the weekend? 周末天气怎么样？-How is he? 他身体怎么样？-He is very well.他很好。5、how often与how soon的区别how often询问做某事的频率；how soon询问多长时间以后做某事。How often