HRT硬盘固件修复软件使用教程.docx

1、HRT硬盘固件修复软件使用教程程序菜单概述转自：倚浪电脑网 程序菜单如图1所示， HRT就是由这些常用的菜单组成的。一些菜单项（如Test, Info等）在综合工具里有详细的描述，这里只对Maxtor硬盘驱动器的特征作一些必要的补充及说明。如图1. 主程序基本菜单结构图驱动器转储的特性与综合工具里的其它修复程序相比较而言，考虑到当前程序分为两种ATA转储方式，第一种是Reset- ATA，这种方式较为常见，控制驱动器的转储并定义其参数。这种方式也可以在改变驱动器任何特性后再使用等等。同样地相对于其他应用程序, ATA信息转存比较有效的方式有两种.第一种是 (Reset- ATA),如果执行这项

2、操作,程序会对储存器发出一组信息,通过转存结构信息程序可以准确地辨认存储器的缓存和定位储存器的参数.如果转换成功以后就可以针对Maxtor储存器进行其他的测试操作了.无论如何在进行其他测试操作的前提下,读出和定位储存器的详细信息是必需的.如果储存器信息转存操作失败. (描述如下),在任何情况下程序读取存储器细节结构文件的前提都不允许这种错误出现的.然而它是必要的,调和过程是在和之间的.如果要在菜单上进行新的操作就必需执行(Reset- Universal) .如果选择了这项操作程序就会向储存器发出一个简单的复位信号,在这种复位状态下程序是不会读取储存器的详细参数的.版本的一些组成特征Maxto

3、r公司生产的储存器里面有很重要的微程序版本信息, 而且它们之间都有一些相同的代码.因此我们可以通过这些代码把他们的微程序版本信息分成两部分. 第一部分是在一定条件下控制和管理只读存储器(ROM)芯片工作的程序.第二部分是微程序识别储存器型号和版本信息的程序.,在工作窗口里我们将看到储存器的重要信息.例如, 主窗口如下：如图2. 系列代码由两部分组成如果查看只读存储器（其内容保存于CP00）并在它的末尾就会看到有两个字节为CF E7: 如图3. 红色部分是储存器设定在某些条件下唯一读取的代码因此在微代码中它的值及储存器代码总是固定的，而不需要修改的。这样就可以利用这个值来判断微代码版本、资源文件

4、是否兼容。固件概念只读存储器作为只读存储器，它很是令人惊讶，共由四个部分组成，两个是真正的物理存储器，另两个只是只读存储器镜像文件，它们是用来替代基本的只读存储器。第一部分只读存储器被固化在微处理器内部，第二部分是FLASH或NVRAM被焊接在驱动器的PCB电路板上，第三部分及第四部分是基本模块保存在驱动器的伺服区，它们的作用就是在驱动器初始时取代物理识读存储器。如图4. 各种微代码资源从下面内容可以知道，当您对驱动器的只读存储器操作时，您应当对驱动器的只读存储器的工作原理有一个充分的了解。如果NVRAM没有焊接在PCB电路板上，那么可直接对它进行访问，虽然有时它直接固化在封装的微处理器内部。

5、第二部分物理只读存储器是安全模式只读存储器，只有当您对驱动器将要替换不同版本的固件时才需要用着，这种镜只读存储器只是用来做工厂测试用的。如果对只读存储器执行不正确的写操作，驱动器就会不能撤消这种操作了，而进入了一种“挂”的状态。因此在对只读存储器进行写操作时，要用permanent模式才是最恰当的。配置页根据Maxtor驱动器伺服区的一些特征，固件只有三种形式：伺服区、 配置页、只读存储器。 它们本身不是这么划分的，但是为了操作方便，HRT程序将它们进行了单独的分类，而不只是伺服模块部分了，您可以通过CP操作对话框对它们进行操作。有关CP00 驱动器只读存储器模块就是基本这种思想而设计的，它在

6、Temp及Perm模式，仅仅是用来进行读取操作的，为了使ROM在储存器工作时不受损害的基础上，专门设定的一种模式。它只能在Unlock模式，可能才会写入，在对cp操作中cp00是为了让你能够读取储存器后面的程序.其他的 配置页 是覆盖的. 我们都可以对它们执行读出和写入的操作.CP00是特意放在列表的末端，原因是对它的处理很特殊.见图. 5. CP00位于列表的末端，它的操作方法不是两个而是三个伺服模块对于模板的特性服务区域Maxtor硬盘列入某种程度同样的结构中，某些模板是含有标题的，而有些是没有的。还有一些模板的检测数据被看作是所有的，还有一些是没有意义的部分。在单独的模板中，总得来说有一

7、些检测数据。但是特殊的话是没有的。搜索一下模板的数据就可以得出，整个服务区或者没有，或者是不允的。浏览标题的规则/模板检测数据参考DMP8(N40P)硬盘,如下:CRCB BLOCK-1 CRC -1 NON ZERO PARTSM SMART, 1-BYTES STANDARD CRC=N40P=37 U_LIST B1F GMAP B78 RZ_TBL B18 AT_PDL -121 RCT B1E SRV B1A SECU B2F SMART SM30 SMART SM63 SMART SM41 SMART SM22 ATAF B34 ARREH 1ST SECTOR = B, OTHE

8、RS - B-PER-EACH-SECTOR1D DMCS B1B AT_POL B64 MAXATG SM5E EVTLG 1ST SECTOR = NO CRC, OTHERS - B-PER-EACH-SECTOR7B FW B39 DISKWARE 0 CODE, B38 OVERLAY 0 CODE, EACH PART = B4F OVERLAY 1 CODE, EACH PART = B97 DISKWARE 1 CODE, B96 OVERLAY 2 CODE, EACH PART = B98 OVERLAY 3 CODE, EACH PART = B图. 6. 是储存器的结构

9、表But fortunately, typical malfunction of stores Maxtor - operatively enough to reveal and remove rather simply. It is enough to sort modules by name and to thumb through them up to the letter N. All modules, as a rule, begin with NO. If she is - means it is necessary to make automatic, or manual . I

10、f is not present - to understand with the list of modules all details. Some words about modules of defects - sheetsMaxtor驱动器缺陷表基本模块是HLUTL/HUSR，以编译器模块为基础，像AT_PDL、 AT_POL、DMCS、ULIST、ULIST 伺服缺陷表、AT_PDL 服务区和工作区的缺陷列表, 它是通过工厂测试后生成的(P-list),但是也可以通过模块AT_POL把缺陷转换进去. AT_POL 缺陷增长表(G-list), 当储存器出现缺陷扇区的时候可以通过普通软

11、件把缺陷加进缺陷增长表. 因此HRT可以对HUSR进行操作, and all other modules can be received at submission of a command of recalculation of the compiler. At Maxtor corrects contents of modules of the compiler, sometimes spoiling it. Therefore at it is possible to copy all modules AT_PDL, AT_POL, DMCS, RZTBL, ULIST, and the

12、n to execute a command of recalculation of the compiler.Distinction of the same modules on different Copies on different are not identical. Therefore in the program for the modules laying on different it will be compulsorily modified ID. For example, different copies of the same module can have ID00

13、44, ID4044, ID8044, IDC044. The given fact creates problems for display of the name of modules in a field what is it which easily are solved through commenting of modules not on their identifier, and on coordinates on which the given modules settle down. More in detail about differences of the mecha

14、nism of commenting of modules it will be told in the section devoted to files.非常重要的提示注意! COPY MODULES OF SERVICE AREA FROM RESOURCES ONLY AS A LAST RESORT! FIRST TRY TO COLLECT THE NATIVE MODULE FROM SEVERAL COPIES AND APPLY OTHER REGENERATIVE MEASURES AND ONLY AT EXTREME NEED, USE FILES WITH RESOUR

15、CES! RECORD OF ANOTHERS MODULES OF SERVICE AREA CAN IRREVOCABLY DESTROY THE STORE!全部伺服区伺服区完全的操作是使用UBA方式进行的， In the program the following assumption is accepted：如果在读取/写入 record on physics the cylinder is equal a minus to one number of sector sets number UBA. 磁头号就会显示真正的物理磁头，相对对的驱动器操作概念假物理磁头（它的起始编号总是0）

16、，stores Maxtor work with truly physical . And it means, that the card in dialogue for work on physical parameters ceases to be simple formality and starts to work on the direct purpose（由下图结果可以发现，在0位置显示有一个3号磁头），磁头分布表在具体驱动器在初始化时，程序自动定义的。如图7. 柱面总是等于-1，磁头分布表不只是一种形式Alternative service areaFeature of stor

17、es Maxtor on Poker/Ardent the processor is that at them is present two service areas. The first is basic area which is used at work of the store, the second, is initially latent from the user and used only at creation of the store at a factory.If the store does not have problems in the basic service

18、 area alternative thus it is inaccessible, but here if suddenly in the basic area have been spoiled - modules the store itself is thrown out in alternative area. Thus it will work completely in a service mode, i.e. with service area, but to not work at all “ on logic ”. such stores it is identical ,

19、 stores, but it is necessary to be made from Safe Mode. Thus it is necessary to use that way at which the store will not be anything from disks.Mach FirmwareAt modern stores, it is important to guess the correct version of service area. As against old stores ATHENA, it to make not so it is simple. H

20、owever, it is possible to not guess the version, and to pick up her, touching all possible variants. For this purpose item Service- Mach Firmware is entered. After his choice, on the screen the following dialogue will appear:如图8. Dialogue Mach FirmwareChoose subdirectory in which touched resources i

21、n format CPS are located and press the button start. In a grey line touched files will start to be displayed. If after the termination burns light-emitting diode ERR, the store means has rejected all variants offered to it. If the message submitted below has appeared, the store that resource which n

22、ame is displayed in a grey line means has accepted. Remember it. Resources of this version can be used for work with the given concrete store.如图 9. An attribute of successfully picked up version更新 FlashFunction Update Flash causes a standard ATA-command of updating of a microcode. According to the s

23、tandard, updating with a code 1 - time (in the RAM), with a code 7 - constant (with record on disks). As the store will process inquiry with a code 7 - depends on circuitry of the store (depending on a version, -memory can be stitched, it can not be stitched, and can be - in the store is used not -m

24、emory, and the READ-ONLY STORAGE). First of all, item Actions- Update Flash- With code 1 is used for operation the store.然而需要考虑的是，现代Maxtor驱动器有一个奇怪的现象：需要了解作为微代码称之为DISKWARE - the module pseudo the READ-ONLY STORAGE which is stored on a surface of a disk in a service zone (对于N40P系列，例如它将会是ID39) and afte

25、r start of the store in memory and management is transferred it. Actually, primary initialization of the store, start, base service modules and loading diskware in memory is carried out -. It is a small code on the size which is stored either in a flash-microcircuit, or in internal flash-rom the pro

26、cessor. It as can be updated and rewritten, but in 99 % of cases in it there is no necessity.In practice a great variety of versions - on modern families of stores Maxtor has been established and looked through implicit while dependence in compatibility of various versions - and a base microcode on

27、a disk.如图10. Typical codes of an insertion of the READ-ONLY STORAGE初始化系统变量 stores Maxtor it is necessary to attribute that strange fact to features, that the ambassador all necessary , they start to read service area without any problems, and here write - with displacement. Displacement - not consta

28、nt. For different UBA it variously. Therefore if the store, having filled it and there and then to rush to restore service area anything good from this will not leave. You can jam either restored modules, or their neighbours. To result displacement of record in norm, it is necessary to choose item o

29、f menu Actions- Reinit Variables. If the store will not give out a mistake, all means has passed successfully, and it it will be fine to read and write. If light-emitting diode ERR has lit up, means, most likely, you have filled or an image of the READ-ONLY STORAGE, or , incompatible with the microp

30、rogram of the current payment.重运算地址译码器To count the compiler (to take into account the defects brought both in P, and in G-LIST, having united them only in P-List), choose item of menu Actions- Misc- Merge G- P. At successful performance of a command, the store will independently clear module AT_POL.

31、Change of a configuration of the storeTo change the current adjustments of the store, choose item of menu Actions- Misc- Configuration. Thus, on the screen the following dialogue will be given:如图11. Change of a configuration of the storeThe special attention should be turned on item Security Set Supported. If the given tag is reset, the store w