新东方四级词汇笔记非常完整版第3课.docx

1、新东方四级词汇笔记非常完整版第3课重新提取 新东方四级词汇笔记（非常完整版）第3课 第3课 倒装：倒装有全部倒装和部分倒装。 谓语部分所有单词都放在主语前是全部倒装。谓语的一部分放在主语的前面是部分倒装。 谓语中的一部分通常是指：1、系动词；2、助动词；3、情态动词。 全部倒装的五条原则： 1. There be句型（表示有）； 2. 以There或now开头的句子，且句子谓语动词为come或go； There you go again. 你又去那里了。 3. 以Here开头的句子，且句子谓语动词为系动词be； Here you are. 拿去。 4. 以副词out, in, up, down

2、, away开头的句子； 在2、3、4前提下，如果句子的主语是代词则用陈述句语序。 5. 以状语（常见的是地点状语）开头的句子。 部分倒装的六条原则： 1. so放在句首时表示承前肯定，这个句子用部分倒装； nor, neither放在句首时表示承前否定，句子也用部分倒装； 2. 省略了引导词if 的虚拟条件从句，可以把从句中的had, should, could, were中的任何一个提到从句最前面的位置，构成部分倒装； 3. as, though表示“尽管”时引导从句，从句中的表语可以置于引导词之前构成部分倒装； 系动词后面的部分就是表语，形容词、名词、名词性短语可以置于系动词之后。 例如

3、：She is beautiful. They are students. 四级考试中出现的是由动词的过去分词转变的形容词作表语的形式。 26. _B_ as it was at such a time, his work attracted much attention. A Being published B Published C Publishing D To be published 当题干是as引导一个从句，且as前为一个空格时他表示的就是尽管，空格处要填的就是表语。 being published 正在被出版； to be published 将要被出版。 此句恢复正常语序应为：

4、 As it was published at such a time 4. 表示否定含义的单词或短语放在句首，句子用部分倒装； 常见的一些表示否定含义的单词：never, little, few, hardly ( when), scarcely ( when) ； seldom 难得，不常；nowhere 哪里都不。 常见的一些表示否定含义的短语：in no way 决不； on no account 决不； under no circumstances 在任何情况下都不。 5. only + 状语放在句首，句子用部分倒装；（如果only去掉就是全部倒装） 43. Only under s

5、pecial circumstances _C_ to take make-up tests. A permitted are freshmen B freshmen are permitted C are freshmen permitted D are permitted freshmen freshmen 新生； make up for 弥补，补偿； make-up tests 补考（缓考）。 6. 注意两个表达形式：come what may 无论发生什么情况； say what you will 畅所欲言。 -1991-06- 强调句式的补充内容：被强调部分是疑问词时的情况。 60.

6、 When I try to understand _C_ that prevents so many Americans from being as happy as one might expect, it seems to me that there are two causes. A why it does B what it does C what it is D why it is prevent sb. from doing sth. 妨碍（阻止）某人做某事。 强调部分本为： it is what that prevents so many 又因为句中有疑问词，应写为： what

7、 is it that prevents so . 但强调句式在句中作宾语成分，故正确写法为： what it is that 50. I like watching TV _C_ to the cinema. A more than to go B than going C more than going D rather than to go than 除构成固定短语外就要与比较级搭配，不会单独出现； rather than + 动词原形； 平行结构，遇到平行结构时应做的两步： 1 找出连接词，2 使要填部分与已给出的对应部分形式完全一样。 51. I appreciate _D_ to

8、your home. A to be invited B to have invited C having invited D being invited appreciate + 动名词（不能加动词原形，不能加句子）。 41. I would appreciate _B_ it a secret. A you to keep B your keeping C that you keep D that you will keep your keeping 动名词的复合结构。 you keeping 也是正确的。 52. I hope my teacher will take my recent

9、 illness into _C_ when judging my examination. A regard B counting C account D observation take sth. into account 考虑。 54. Important people dont often have much free time as their work _C_ all their time. A take away B take over C take up 占据 D take in 55. When I was very young, I was terribly frighte

10、ned of school, but I soon _ it. A got off B got across C got away D got over got over it 克服战胜。 56. Many people complain of the rapid _C_ of modern life. A rate B speed C pace D growth pace 节奏； rapid pace of modern life现在生活快节奏。 57. San Francisco is usually cool in the summer, but Los Angeles _B_. A i

11、s rarely B rarely is C hardly is D is scarcely rarely, usually 都是频度副词。通常频度副词的位置在系动词之后，表示实在意思的词前面。 58. The speaker, _D_ for her splendid speeches, was warmly received by the audience. A having known B being known C knowing D known know 没有现在分词；know 用主动形式时只能和两个介词搭配：of, about。 known for 以而著名。 60. I coul

12、dnt find _A_, and so I took this one. A a large enough coat B an enough large coat C a large coat enough D a coat enough large enough 修饰形容词时要放到形容词后面。 61. I always _B_ what I have said. A get to B hold to C lead to D see to 本题所有选项中的to都是介词，其后加动词动名词的形式。 hold to 坚守，信守； see to 负责做，处理，照料（后面加的都是某件事情，不加人） 6

13、2. No sooner had we reached the top of the hill _C_ we all sat down to rest. A when B then C than D until no sooner than 一就 63. Evidence came up _C_ specific speech sounds are recognized by babies as young as 6 months old. A what B which C that D whose evidence 证据、sign 迹象、fact 事实，后面都要带同位语从句，且从句用that

14、引导。 64. He moved away from his parents, and missed them _A_ enjoy the exciting life in New York. too to，太而不能 A too much to B enough to C very much to D much so as to 65. He was _C_ of having asked such a silly question. A sorry B guilty C ashamed D miserable guilty adj. 有罪的； be ashamed of 因而羞愧（不好意思）

15、的； miserable adj. 悲惨的。 66. The last time we had a family reunion was _B_ my brothers wedding ceremony four years ago. A in B at C during D over ceremony n. 典礼，仪式。要表达在某典礼（仪式）上用介词at。 at the graduation ceremony 在毕业典礼上。 67. What _A_ would happen if the director knew you felt that way? A do you suppose B

16、 you suppose C will you suppose D you would suppose do you supposed 常做插入语。 68. _D_ the advances of science, the discomforts of old age will no doubt always be with us. despite prep. 尽管； as for 关于，至于 A As for B Besides C Except D Despite 69. How close parents are to their children _B_ a strong influe

17、nce on the character of the children. A have B has C having D to have influence on 对造成影响，很大的影响中形容词用的是strong。 70. He _A_ when the bus came to a sudden stop. A was almost hurt B was hurt himself C was to hurt himself D was hurting himself hurt oneself 自残； be to + 动词原形，将要做某事； -1993-06- 41. Jean did not

18、 have time to go to the concert last night because she was busy _C_ for her examination. A to prepare B to be prepared C preparing D being prepared be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事 42. Five minutes earlier, _A_ we could have caught the last train. A and B but C or D an order and 在这里表示一种结果，翻译成“那么（和）”。只有两种情况下

19、and才会这样翻译： 1. 省略句 and + 句子； 2. 祈使句 and + 句子。 47. Turn on the television or open a magazine and you _B_ advertisements showing happy balanced families. A are often seeing B will often see C often see D have often seen 43. I cannot give you _D_ for the type of car you sell because there is no demand f

20、or it in the market. A an expense B a charge C a purchase D an order order n. 定购，订单； purchase n. 购买。 45. By the end of this month, we surely _C_ a satisfactory solution to the problem. A have found B will be finding C will have found D are finding 如果一个句子的时间状语是由by引导的，则时态要选择完成时态。 将来的行为在将来的某个时间之前就已完成用将

21、来完成时。 solution to a problem 一个问题的解决方案。 46. Mr. Wilson said that he did not want to _A_ any further responsibilities. A take on B get on C put up D look up take on 承担； take on responsibility 承担责任。 47. Having no money but _B_ to know, he simply said he would go without dinner. A not to want anyone B n

22、ot wanting anyone C wanted no one D to want no one dinner n. 正餐（多指晚餐）； supper n. 夜宵，晚餐； breakfast n. 早餐； lunch n. 午餐； brunch n. 早午餐。but前后的句子要平衡 48. We desire that the tour leader _A_ us immediately of any change in plans. A inform B informs C informed D has informed desire v. 要求，表要求时后面加句子要用虚拟语气， (sh

23、ould) + 动词原形。 其他同样用法的词还有ask, demand, request, require. 49. Not _B_, the process of choosing names varies widely from culture to culture. A obviously B surprisingly C particularly D normally not surprisingly 一点也不奇怪。 vary vi. 变化。 vary from to 从一种形式变化到另一种形式。vary between and 在两者之间进行变化。 29. Features such

24、 as height, weight, and skin color _B_ from individual to individual and from face to face. A change B vary C alter D convert individual n. 个人，个体； individualism n. 个人主义。 44. The hope, goals, fears and desires _D_ widely between men and women, between the rich and the poor. A alter B shift C transfer

25、 D vary 50. A man escaped from the prison last night. It was a long time _A_ the guards discovered what had happened. A before B until C since D when It + 系动词 + 一段时间 + before引导的句子 在之前花费多少时间。 54. Scientists say it may be five or ten years _D_ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients. A

26、since B when C after D before 51. In the experiment we kept a watchful eye _D_ the developments and recorded every detail. keep a watchful eye on 密切主意，留神 A in B at C for D on 52. Theres little chance that mankind would _D_ a nuclear war. A retain B endure C maintain D survive retain vt. 保持，保留； endure v. 忍受； maintain vt. 维持，保持，坚持认为； survive vi. 生存； vt. 活过 （宾语为某种灾难）。 survive a flood 活过一场洪水。 前缀sur表示过 ，外，超； vive 表示生活，强调活着。 54. They usually have less money at the end of the month than _C_ a