宾语从句用法详解例句丰富.docx

1、宾语从句用法详解例句丰富宾语从句用法详解(例句丰富)一、宾语从句的引导词宾语从句通常由连词that和whether (if)、连接代词或连接副词以及关系代词型what引导：1. that引导We believe that he is honest. 我们相信他是诚实的。The doctor insists that I give up smoking医生坚持要我戒烟。I suggest that we should go tomorrow. 我建议我们明天走。I suggested that we should go the next day. 我建议我们第二天走。We learnt from

2、 his letter that he was in Spain. 从他的信里我们了解到他在西班牙。The seller demanded that payment should be made within five days. 卖方要求5日内付款。2. whether / if引导I dont know whether hell arrive in time. 我不知道他是否能及时到。I didnt know whether they liked the place. 我不知道他们是否喜欢这个地方。Ill see whether I can induce him to accept it.

3、 我要看看我是否能劝他接受。I asked her whether she agreed. 我问她是否同意。He enquired if her parents spoke Spanish. 他问她父母是否讲西班牙语。I wonder if its large enough. 我不知道它是否够大。She didnt say if he was still alive. 她没说他是否还活着。3. 连接代词引导I dont know who whom you mean. 我不知道你指谁。Please tell me which you like. 告诉我你喜欢哪一个。IIl do whatever

4、 I can do. 我将做我所能做的事。You can take whichever you like. 你爱拿哪个就拿哪个吧。Well do whatever we can to save him. 我们将尽我们所能来挽救他。Take whichever seat you like. 你要坐哪个座就坐哪个座位。Give it to whoever you like. 你把它爱给谁就给谁。You dont know what you are talking about. 你在说什么，你自己也不知道。Tomorrow at this time well know who is elected.

5、 明天这时候我们就会知道谁当选了。4. 连接副词引导He asked why he had to go alone. 他问他为什么必须一个人去。You dont know when you are lucky. 你身在福中不知福。I asked how he was getting on. 我问他情况怎样。He knows where they live. 他知道他们住哪里。Have you found out how wide the ditch Was? 你了解到那条沟有多宽吗?Id like to know when they will let him out. 我很想知道他们什么时候会

6、放他出来。We didnt know why he had answered in that fashion. 我们不明白他为什么这样回答。3. 关系代词what引导She has got what she wanted. 她要的东西得到了。I want to tell you what I hear. 我想把听到的情况告诉你。He could not express what he felt. 他无法表达内心的感受。They did what they could to console her. 他们尽量安慰她。They thought they could do what they lik

7、ed with him. 他们以为他们可以对他为所欲为。【注意】有时介词后可接一个宾语从句(但介词后通常不接that和if引导的宾语从句)：From what you say, he is right. 根据你所说的，他是对的。有极个别介词(如but, except)可接that引导的宾语从句：She remembered nothing about him except that his hair was black. 她对他什么都不记得，只记得他的头发是黑的。比较下面两句用what引导的宾语从句，它们的意思不一样：He began to think about what he should

8、 do. 他开始考虑应当怎样做。二、宾语从句与形式宾语it当宾语从句后跟有宾语补足语时，通常在宾语从句处使用形式宾语it，而将真正的宾语从句移至句末：I think it best that you should stay here. 我认为你最好住这儿。He hasnt made it known when he is going to get married. 他还没宣布他何时结婚。She found it difficult to answer the question. 她发现回答这个问题很困难。He feels it his duty to hetp others. 他认为帮助别人是

9、他的责任。He thought it best to be on his guard. 他认为他最好还是要警惕。He made it a rule to speak in Parliament at least once every session. 他规定自己在议会每次开会时至少发一次言。I find it interesting talking go you. 我觉得同你谈话很有意思。I consider it wrong to cheat in an examination. 我认为考试作弊是不对的。三、连词that的省略问题引导宾语从句的连词that 通常可以省略： She said

10、(that) she would come to the meeting. 她说过要来开会的。I promise you (that) I will be there. 我答应你我会去。I hoped (that) I would / should succeed. 我曾希望我会成功。He thinks (that) they will give him a visa. 他想他们会给他签证。He thought (that) they would give him 3 visa. 他本想他们会给他签证。I expect (that) the plane will he diverted. 我料

11、想飞机会改变航线。I expected (that) the plane would be diverted. 我本料想飞机会改变航线。Everybody knows (that) money doesnt grow on trees. 众所周知，金钱是不会从树上长出来的。I suggested (that) they should / shouldnt drive along the coast. 我建议他们沿着 / 不要沿着海岸开车。【注】有时为了强调，that引导的宾语从句可位于句首，此时that不可省略：That she is a good girl I know. 她是一个好姑娘，我

12、是知道的。四、宾语从句与否定转移当动词think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine 后接一个表示否定意义的宾语从句时，其否定通常转移到主语：I dont suppose that it is true. 我认为那不是真的。I dont imagine that he will come. 我想他不会来的。(from )I dont think we need waste much time on it. 我想我们不必在这上面花太多时间We didnt think wed be this late. 我们没想到我们会到得这么晚。I dont suppose I

13、ll trouble you again. 我想我不要再麻烦你了。宾语从句用法及其例句2.主句用过去时，从句用过去某个时态。 3.主句用过去时，从句是客观真理时，只用一般现在时。 一、宾语从句的连接词从属连词 连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether. that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句,而if和whether引导表示“是否”的宾语从句. He told me (that he would) go to the college the next year 他告诉我他明年上大学. I dont know if there will be a bus any more. 我不知道是

14、否还会有公交车. Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam. 没人知道他是否会通过考试. The new （that he passed the exam）is excitied. 他通过考试的消息很兴奋。 连接代词 连接代词主要有who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever, whatever, whichever等. 连接代词一般指疑问,但what, whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述. Do you know who has won Red Alert game? 你知道是谁赢得

15、了红色警报的游戏？ The book will show you what the best CEOs should know. 这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解些什么. Have you determined whichever you should buy,a Motorola or Nokia cell phone? 你决定好是买诺基亚还是摩托罗拉的电话了吗? 连接副词 连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等. He didnt tell me when we should meet again. 他没有告诉我什么时候我

16、们能再见面. Could you please tell me how you use the new panel? 你能告诉我怎么用这个新的操作盘吗? None of us knows where these new parts can be bought. 没有人知道这些的新的零件能在哪里买到. 二、动词的宾语从句大多数动词都可以带宾语从句 We all expect that they will win , for members of their team are stronger. 我们都预料他们会赢,因为他们的队员更强壮. He told us that they would he

17、lp us through the whole work. 他告诉我们在整个工作中,他都会帮忙的. 部分“动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句 I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out. 我发现这场音乐会的所有票都卖光了. Can you work out how much we will spend during the trip? 你能计算出这次旅行我们将花费多少钱吗? 动词短语也可以带宾语从句 常见的这些词有: make sure确保 make up ones mind下决心 keep i

18、n mind牢记 Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in. 在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误. 可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句 动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置. I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day . 我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的. I feel it a pity that I have

19、nt been to the get-together. 我没去聚会,感觉非常遗憾. I have made it a rule that I keep diaries. 我每天写日记成了习惯. We all find it important that we (should) make a quick decision about this mater. 我们都认为对这件事马上做出决定很重要. 有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语与从句前加it 这类动词主要有:hate, take , owe, have, see to. I hate it when they with their mouths

20、 full of food. 我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话. He will have it that our plan is really practical. 他会认为我们的计划确实可行. We take it that you will agree with us. 我们认为你会同意我们的. When you start the engine, you must see to it that car is in neutral. 开启发动机时, 一定要使汽车的离合器处于空挡位置. 若宾语从句是wh-类,则不可用it代替 We all consider what you said to be

21、unbelievable. 我们都认为你所说的是不可信的. We discovered what we had learned to be valuable. 我们发现我们所学到的东西都是有用的. 三、介词的宾语从句用wh-类的介词宾语从句 We are talking about whether we admit students into our club. 我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部. The new book is about how Shenzhou 6 manned spaceship was sent up into space. 这本新书是关于神州6号载人航天飞船是

22、如何升入太空的. 用that,if引导的介词宾语从句 有时候except,but,besides三个介词后可见到that引导的宾语从句 I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to work with a company. 对于我的新邻居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班,其他一无所知. 四、形容词的宾语从句常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有: sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprised I am sure I will pass the exam.

23、我确信我会通过考试. I am sorry that I have troubled you so long. 很抱歉我这么长时间在打扰你. He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill. 他很高兴在他生病的时候李明能去看望他. 五、if,whether在宾语从句中的区别 if和whether在作“是否”解时,引导宾语从句常放在动词know,ask,care,wonder,find out等之后,介词后一般不用if 少数动词,如:leave,put,discuss,doubt后的宾语从句常用whether. whether后可以

24、加or not,但是if不可以. 在不定式前只能用whether. （如：I cant decide whether to stay. 我不能决定是否留下。） 避免歧异时,我们常用whether而不用if. 六、哪些宾语从句不可以省略引导词that当that作learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,prove,mean,state,feel,hold等动词的宾语时; 当宾语从句较长时; 当主语状语置于主句尾,宾语从句之前时; 当主语谓语动词(包括非谓语动词)与宾语从句之间有插入语时; 当一个动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时,此时第一个that可以省略,第二个tha

25、t不可以省略; 当宾语从句中的主语是this,that或this,that做主语的定语时; 当宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时; 当宾语从句的主语是非谓语动词或主语从句时; 当主语中的谓语动词是固定词组时; 当宾语从句有it做其先行词时; 在直接引语中,转述分句把宾语从句隔开时. 七、宾语从句的否定转移 宾语从句的反意疑问句主句的谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,espect,fancy,guess等,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致. I dont think he

26、will come to my party.而不能说成I think he wont come to my party. 我认为他不会来我的舞会. I dont believe that man is killed by Jim,is he? 我认为那个人不是Jim所杀的,是不是? 如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词或副词,其反义疑问句要用肯定形式. We find that he never listens to the teacher carefully,does he? 我们发现他从来不仔细听老师讲课,是不是? 八、宾语从句的时态和语序当主句为现在时或将来时,宾语从句的时态一般不受

27、主句的时态所影响. 当主句为过去时 从句用一般过去时或过去进行时表示与主句谓语动词动作同时发生 I only knew he was studying in a western country,but I didnt know what country he was in. 我只知道他当时在西方的一个国家读书,可不知道是哪个国家. He asked me if I was reading the story The Old Man and the Sea when he was in. 他问我他进来的时候我是否正在读. 从句过去完成时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之前 He told me th

28、at he had told Mary about the meeting already. 他告诉我他已经把有关会议的事情告诉了Mary. 从句谓语用过去将来时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之后 The reporter asked if the government would take necessary measures to put down the to-do. 记者问政府是否会采取必要的措施镇压骚乱. 如果从句是一个客观真理,那么从句的时态不根据主句的时态而变化 The teacher said that the moon goes around the earth yesterd

29、ay. 老师昨天说月亮绕着地球转. 当宾语从句的引导词是who,which,what,when,where,how,why等表疑问时,不能按正常语序安排,经常将这类引导词置于句首 Who do you think the public might choose as their favorite singer this year? 你认为今年公众会选谁为他们最喜欢的歌手. 宾语从句（版本二）学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：连接词、语序和时态。 1.连接词1从句为陈述句，常选择连接词that或将that省略，直接与主句相连。 2从句为一般疑问句，常选择连接词if或whether。在 whether o

30、r not 结构中不能用 if 替换。 3从句为特殊疑问句，常选择what,when,where,which,who,how等的疑问代、副词作连接词。 注意：当who为主语时，句式为：who+谓语+其他 2.判断时态情况：1.主句是一般现在时，从句为各种时态情况。 2.主句是一般过去时，从句为各种相应过去时态注意：从句描绘客观事实，用一般现在时。 eg: 1. The teacher told the children that the sun round. A. was B. is C. were D. are 2. I believe that our team the basketball match. A. win B. wonC. will winD. wins 3. I dont know to visit the old man. A. whether B. if C. that D. who 4.The soldiers soon