一般过去式和完成时的区别.docx

1、一般过去式和完成时的区别一般过去时和现在完成时的区别前者表示过去已经做了的事,后者表示过去某一时刻正在做的事一般过去时往往是表示过去的几个时间点； 过去进行时表示的是过去的一个时间点。比较过去时与现在完成时 1）过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。 2）过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。 一般过去时的时间状语: yesterday, last week，ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具体的时间状语 共同的时间状语: t

2、his morning, tonight,this April, now, once，before, already, recently，lately 现在完成时的时间状语 for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always, 不确定的时间状语 3）现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know. 过去时常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die

3、, finish, become, get married等。 举例： I saw this film yesterday. （强调看的动作发生过了。） I have seen this film. （强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。） Why did you get up so early? （强调起床的动作已发生过了。） Who hasnt handed in his paper? （强调有卷子，可能为不公平竞争。） She has returned from Paris. 她已从巴黎回来了。 She returned yesterday. 她是昨天回来了。 He has been

4、 in the League for three years. (在团内的状态可延续) He has been a League member for three years. (是团员的状态可持续) He joined the League three years ago. ( 三年前入团，joined为短暂行为。) I have finished my homework now. -Will somebody go and get Dr. White? -Hes already been sent for. 句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如 yesterday, last, week, in

5、 1960）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时。 （错）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. （对）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night. 过去完成时 1） 概念：表示过去的过去 -|-|-|-其构成是had +过去分词构成。 那时以前 那时 现在 2） 用法 a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。 She said (that) she had never been to Paris. b. 状语从句 在过去不同时间发生的

6、两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。 When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. c. 表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示原本，未能 We had hoped that you would come, but you didnt. 3) 过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。 He said that he had learned s

7、ome English before. By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself. Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party. 典型例题 The students _ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she _ in the office. A. had written, left B，were writing, has

8、 left C. had written, had left D. were writing, had left 答案D. 把书忘在办公室发生在去取书这一过去的动作之前，因此忘了书这一动作发生在过去的过去，用过去完成时。句中when表示的是时间的一点，表示在同学们正忙于这一背景下，when所引导的动作发生。因此 前一句应用过去进行时。 注意： had no when 还没等 就 had no sooner than 刚 就 He had no sooner bought the car than he sold it一般过去时与现在完成时比较练习题I. 用所给动词的适当形式填空。1. With

9、 the medicine box under her arm, Miss Zhao _(hurry) off to look after the man.2. Jim _(make) many friends since he _(come) to China.3. They _(know) each other for about ten years.4. He _ already _(write) a letter to the factory to ask them to stop making noise.5. When _ she _(leave)? Two hours ago.6

10、. _ you _(see) the film before?Yes, I _. Where _ you _(see) it? At The Queens Cinema.7. Thank you all the same, Mr. Black, but I dont eat sweets. Oh, I am sorry. I _(not know) that.8. They usually _(go) fishing when they lived there.9. How long _ she _(be) ill?10. They didnt start to work in the fie

11、ld until the rain _(stop).II. 按要求完成句子。A)句型转换。1. John went to see his grandmother once a week.(对划线部分提问) _ _ _ John _ to see his grandmother.2. He has already finished his homework. (改为否定句) He _ finished his homework _.3. You have never been to Shanghai before. (改为反意疑问句)You have never been to Shanghai

12、 before, _?B)同义句转换,每空一词。4. My father came back the day before yesterday. My father has _ _ for two days.5. My uncle bought the new car two months ago. My uncle has _ the new car _ two months ago.6. They left Changsha an hour ago. They have _ _ _ Changsha for an hour.7. The film began ten minutes ago

13、. The film _ _ _ for ten minutes.8. The old man died 5 years ago. The old man _ _ _ for 5 years.III. 单项填空。1. Im sorry, Cathy, I _ your radio for such a long time. Never mind. A. have borrowed B. have lent C. have kept D. have returned2. Where have you _ these days? I have _ to Yangzhou with my frien

14、ds. A. been, gone B. been, been C. gone, been D. gone, gone3. Where is your father? We havent seen each other for weeks._. A. He has been to America B. He has gone to England C. He is going to Australia D. He would visit my grandparents4. They have _ since the factory opened. A. left the school B. j

15、oined the team C. become workers D. worked here5. Jim _ the Great Wall many times. A. went to B. goes to C. has gone toD. has been to6. It _ ten years since they _ to France. A. was, moved B. was, have moved C. is, have moved D. is, moved 7. _ to the United States? No, never, but I went to Canada a

16、few years ago. A. Have you been B. Have you gone C. Did you go D. Will you go8. I wont go to see the film tonight because I _ my ticket. A. didnt lose B. have lost C. will lose D. didnt have9. Miss Wu has taught in this school _. A. for ten years B. ten years ago C. since ten years D. for ten years ago10. I _ todays homework already. What about you? A. have finished B. finish C. to finish D. finishing11. Ann has gone to Shanghai. So _ her parents. A. has B. had C. did D. have