形容词和副词讲解和习题练习含答案.docx

1、形容词和副词讲解和习题练习含答案高中英语形容词和副词一、考点、热点回顾形容词1、形容词的一般用法（1）.作定语，一般放在所修饰词的前面。Its a cold and windy day.（2.）作表语，放在系动词的后面。(look, feel, smell, sound.)He looks happy today.（3.）形容词修饰something，anything，nothing，everything等复合不定代词时，须放在其后。Would you like something hot to drink？（4.）表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词，应放在相应的名词之后。How long is

2、 the river？ Its about two hundred metres long.（5.）只能作表语的形容词：afraid；alone；asleep；awake；alive；well健康的；ill；frightenedThe man is ill.（正）The ill man is my uncle.（误）（6.）只能作定语的形容词：little小的；only唯一的；wooden木质的；woolen羊毛质的；elder年长的My elder brother is in Beijing.（正）My brother is elder. （误）（7）.貌似副词的形容词：lonely；fri

3、endly；lively；lovely 2、形容词常用句型（1）.“Its +adj.+of+sb.+不定式”表示“某人（做某事）怎么样”。=Sb +be +adj+to do sth 注意：这一句型中常用描述行为者的性格、品质的形容词，如good，kind，nice，polite ，clever ，foolish ，lazy ，careful，careless，right（正确的），wrong等。Its very kind of you to help me.（=You are very kind to help me.）（2）.“Its+adj.+for+sb.+不定式”表示“做某事对某人

4、来说怎么样”。=To do sth is adj for sb .注意：这一句型中常用的形容词有important，necessary，difficult，easy，hard，dangerous，safe，useful，pleasant，interesting，impossible等。Its not easy for them to learn a foreign language.（=To learn a foreign language is not easy for them.）（3）.表示感情或情绪的形容词，如glad，pleased，sad，thankful等常接不定式。Im ver

5、y sad to hear the bad news.（4.）表示能力和意志的形容词，如ready（乐意的，有准备的），able（有能力的），sure（一定），certain（一定）等常接不定式。Lei Feng is always ready to help others.He is sure to get to school on time.副词 1、副词的分类副词按词汇意义可分为：方式副词：well，fast，slowly，carefully，quickly程度副词：very，much，enough，almost，rather，quite地点副词：here，there，out，somew

6、here，abroad，home时间副词：today，early，soon，now，then，recently，still频度副词：always，often，usually，sometimes，seldom，never否定副词：no，not，neither，nor疑问副词：where，how，why其他：also，too，only2、副词的基本用法：(1).副词是用来修饰形容词、其他副词,一般放在被修饰词之前.He plays the piano very well .(2). 副词是用来修饰动词,常放在动词之后.He got up quickly(3).enough 修饰adj /adv 时

7、,放在其后.He is old enough to go to school .3、常见副词用法辨析(1).already与yet的区别already用于肯定句句中，表示“已经”；yet用于否定句句末，表示“还”，用于疑问句句末，表示“已经”He had_left when I called.Have you found your ruler_？(2) very，much和very much.的区别very用于修饰形容词或副词的原级；much用于修饰形容词或副词的比较级；修饰动词要用very much.John is _ honest.This garden is_ bigger than t

8、hat one.Thank you _.(3.)so与such的区别1)so修饰形容词或副词；such 修饰名词，My brotherruns so fast that I cant follow him.He is such a boy.2)so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数such+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词He is _ clever a boy.=He is _ a clever boy.It is_cold weather. They are _good students.3)名词前有many ,much, few ,little (少

9、量的) 用so 不用such .(多多少少仍用so) 但little 表示 “小的” 用such.There are _ little sheep on the hill .(4).also，too，as well与either 的区别also，as well，too，用于肯定句，also常用于be动词，情态动词，助动词之后，行为动词之前；as well，too用于句末；either用于否定句中，置于句末。例如，My father is a teacher. My mother is _a teacher.=My father is a teacher. My mother is a teac

10、her _.=My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher，_.I cant speak French Jenny cant speak French，_.(5).sometime，sometimes，some time与some times的区别sometime：表示将来的或过去的某一个不确定的时间。sometimes：有时，不时的= at times some time：一段时间some times：几次，几倍Well have a test _next month._ we are busy and sometimes we are not

11、.He stayed in Beijing for _ last year.I have been to Beijing _.(6).ago与before的区别ago表示以现在为起点的“以前”，常与一般过去时连用，不可以单独使用。before指过去或将来的某时刻“以前”，也可泛指以前，常和完成时连用，可以单独使用。I saw him ten minutes _.He told me that he had seen the film_.(7).now，just与just now的区别now：与一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时连用，意为“现在”just：与现在完成时连用，表示“刚”just n

12、ow：和过去时连用，表示“刚才”Where does he live_？We have _ seen the film. He was here_. (8).lonely / alone 的区别1).alone 独自一人/没有同伴, 既可作adj 也可作adv.2).lonely 表示孤独,寂寞, 也可修饰地点,表示荒凉,偏僻的，常与feel 连用。3).alone 只作表语 (以a开头的形容词一般只作表语,不作定语)而lonely 既可作表语,也可作定语) He lives _ on a _ island . He is _ ,but he doesnt feel _.(9).fast /q

13、uickly /soon 的区别. fast 表示速度之快 quickly表示动作之快 soon表示时间之快 Im leaving home this afternoon . Really Why so _ A.fast B.soon C.quickly D.early 形容词，副词的比较级、最高级 1、规则变化(1).一般在词尾直接加er或est， tall-taller-tallest，long-longer-longest(2.)以不发音的字母e结尾的单词在词尾直接加r或st， nice-nicer-nicest(3).以辅音字母+y结尾的词，把y变为i，再加er或est， heavy-

14、heavier-heaviest(4).重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母，再加er或est， big-bigger-biggest注: 大,红,湿,热,悲,瘦,胖.双写末辅再变级.（big/red/wet/hot/sad/thin/fat ）(5).部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加more构成比较级和most构成最高级， beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful注:表示否定意义在其前加less /least important-less important-least important English is more interes

15、ting than Chinese =Chinese is less interesting than English .(6.)由 “形容词+ly”构成的副词,在其前加more/ most slowly-more slowly-most slowly；但earlyearlier-earliest 2、不规则变化原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastoldold / elderold /eldestbad/badly/illworseworstfarfarther (距离)/further（程度）farthest

16、/furthest下列单、双音节词只能加more和most原级比较级最高级like(想似的)more likemost likereal(真的)more realmost real tiredmore tiredmost tired pleasedmore pleasedmost pleasedoftenmore oftenmost often注: 形容词,副词同形有: back , high , well ,fast, early, late ,straight 3.形容词，副词等级的用法（1）、原级的用法1).只能修饰原级的词，very，quite，so，tooHe is too tire

17、d to walk on. My brother runs so fast that I cant follow him.2.)原级常用的句型结构A= B-A+ as +adj / adv的原级+ as +B 表示 “A和B一样”Tom is as old as Kate.Tom runs as fast as Mike. AB-A +not+as/so+形容词原级+as+B 表示 “A不如B”This room is not as/so big as that one. He doesnt walk as slowly as you.4、比较级的用法(1).可以修饰比较级的词.much，a

18、lot，far，的多a little，a bit，一点儿even甚至，still仍然Lesson One is much easier than Lesson Two. Tom looks even younger than before.(2.)比较级常用的句型结构 “甲+形容词/副词的比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙”Tom is taller than Kate. I got up earlier than my mother this morning.5.最高级的用法1).结构: the +最高级+ of +人或物( in +地点) He is the tallest of all

19、the boys He works hardest in his class . 注:副词的最高级前the 可省掉2).the +序数词+形容词的最高级+单数名词The Yellow River is the second longest river in China .3).one of +the +形容词的最高级+复数名词He is one of the cleverest students in our class. 4). “特殊疑问词+be+the+最高级+甲，乙，or丙？”用于三者以上的比较。 Which season do you like （the） best，spring，s

20、ummer or autumn？6.级别的转换1).原级与比较级的转换 a). 倍数+ as as (倍数-1)+比较级+than This room is five times as big as that one =This room is_ _bigger than that one . b).not asas 与比较级的转换 A +not as as + B A+比较级(反义词的比较级) +than +B B+比较级+than+A Mary is not as old as Tom .= Mary is _ _ Tom. = Tom is _ _ Mary . This book is

21、 not as expensive as that one = This book is _ _ than that one = That book is _ _than this one .2).比较级与最高级的转换 a). the +最高级+ of / in b). 比较级+than+any other +单数名词 +the other +复数名词 +anyone else +any of the other+复名 c). Nobody else + 比较级 + than Tom is the tallest boy in our class .Tom is taller than _ _

22、 boy in our class.Tom is taller than _ _ in our class._ _ is taller than Tom in our class.7.级别的惯用法(1). “比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越”。He is getting taller and taller.(2.) “the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越，越”。The more careful you are，the fewer mistakes youll make.(3).“甲+be+the+形容词比较级+of the two+”表示“甲是两者中较的”。(of the twins/

23、parents)Look at the two boys. My brother is the taller of the two. (4).当adj 的最高级前有物主代词,名词所有格,指示代词时,不用the . This is my best book of all.(5).相比较的前后两部分必须是同类比较. My pencil is longer than _(you).(6).比较时不能与自身相比 注: 当相比较的两者属于同一范围/类别时,为了与自身相比较, 要用any other +单数名词. 若两者不属于同一范围/类别时,不必用other ,直接用any + 单数名词. He is

24、taller than _ boy in his class. He is taller than _boy in our class . A.any B.any other (7).有些含有比较级的句子里，常用that(单数、不可数名词)、those (复数名词)代替前面提到的词，以避免重复。The weather in Beijing is colder than _ in Guangzhou in winter .The boys in our class are more than _ in your class .二、典型例题( )1. If you dont like the re

25、d coat, how about the green one OK, but do you have _ size in green This one is a bit small for me. A. a big B. a bigger C. the big D. the bigger( )2. Mum, I think Im _ to get back to school. Not really, my dear. Youd better stay at home for another day or two. A. so well B. so good C. well enough D

26、. good enough( )3. What delicious cakes! They would taste _ with butter. A. good B. better C. bad D. worse( )4. Mr. Zhou , of all the students in our group, who lives _ I think Li Lei does. A. far B. farther C. farthest D. the farther( )5. With a history of more than 1,400 years, ZhaoZhou Bridge is

27、the _ stone arch bridge in the world . A. old B. older C. oldest D. elder( )6. Bob never does him homework _ Mary. He makes lots of mistakes. A. so careful as B. as carefully as C. carefully as D. as careful as( )7. A: How can I speak English _ you B: Youd better speak more, I think. A. as good as B

28、. more than C. as well as D. as much as( )8. Your English is good. Ill try my best to speak it as _you do. A. clearly as B. clear as C. clearer than D. more clearly( )9. Is your mother badly ill No, _ , only a little cold. A. serious anything B. serious nothing C. nothing serious D. anything serious

29、( )10. Im not sure if Im going to Tims party; I may go to the concert _ . A. only B. instead C. early D. late( )11. Although they are brothers, they are the _ opposite of one another. A. very B. just C. few D. little( )12. The new Bright Restaurant is _ than the old one. Moore and more people like t

30、o eat there. A. good B. better C. bad D. worse( )13. Wang Ping does _ in physics that I missed the first class. A. badly B. Most badly C. worse D. worst ( )14. I got up so _ this morning that I missed the first class. A. early B. late C. quietly D. neatly ( )15. Do you enjoy traveling by plane No. Its _ expensive. A. much more B. more much C. too