中考冲刺讲义3基础易错 A专题T.docx

1、中考冲刺讲义3基础易错 A专题T学员编号： 年 级：初三 课 时 数： 3学员姓名： 辅导科目：英语 学科教师： 授课类型T 基础易错题C A篇T 能力提升授课日期时段 教学内容初三易错题【主要考点】主谓一致 1. Each man and woman will try _ best to help him.A.his B.their C.her D.our 【正确答案】 A【解析】Each man and woman其实相当于everyone，它主要意思是指每个人，而不是强调男女，这种情况一般用his。不强调性别的情况下都用his，所以此题选择A。【主要考点】从句 2. The offici

2、al pointed out the damage _ he supposed _ had been done by last nights storm.A. which, that B. that, which C. which, / D. /, /【正确答案】D【解析】这是宾语从句的考查，point out后接宾从，所以第二空前什么都不要；he suppose为插入语。【主要考点】介词 3.What do you mean _ long time no see?It means we havent seen each other for a long time.A. with B. at

3、C. in D. by【正确答案】D【解析】What do you mean by. 你说是什么意思？【主要考点】时态4.Because of the bad weather, my mother _ and lay in bed. She _ for a week.A. has been ill; was ill B. fell ill; has fallen ill C. fell ill; has been ill D. fell ill; is ill【正确答案】C【解析】fall ill 意 为“ 患病， 得病”，be ill意为 “生病， 表示状态。第一空由and 后的并列谓语la

4、y得知， 应用fell。第二空for a week 得知应用现在完成时， has been ill 表示病了一个星期了。【主要考点】词组辨析5.When he realized the police had seen him, the man the exit as quickly as possible.A. made up B. made for C. made out D. made off【正确答案】B【解析】make up有“编造；和解；弥补；化装；构成”等含义；make for表示“向某地走去”；make out 有“看出；理解；开(收据等)；进展；装出”等含义；make off

5、后常接介词，表示“从跑掉”。【主要考点】宾语从句6. Sometimes we are asked _ the likely result of an action will be.A. that we think B. what do we thinkC. what we think D. that what we think【正确答案】C【解析】we think为插入语。宾语从句缺表语，故用what。【主要考点】不定代词7. Can I help you? -Id like to buy a present for my fathers birthday, _ at a proper pr

6、ice, but of great use. A. one B. that C. any one D. everything【正确答案】A【解析】one用来代替前面出现过的单数名词，相当于a/an + 单数名词；属于同名异物的替代，it替代前面提到过的名词， 但必须是同名同物的替换；this表近指，常用来指下文将要提到的事物。只有A项符合题意。【主要考点】代词 8. Some developing countries are trying to get every child into school; they are experiencing similar difficulties to

7、_ that China faces A. one B. that C. those D. these【正确答案】C【解析】one指同类中的一个，不是特指；that 指代前面提到的可数名词的单数或不可数名词；those在此指代difficulties, 故答案为C。【主要考点】非谓语 9.The land is too soft to _, and should be abandoned.A. build B. build on C. be built D. build with【正确答案】B【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。此处不定式与修饰的名词即句子的主语存在逻辑上的动宾关系，尽管build也可

8、用作及物动词，但在此处与the land不能直接构成动宾关系，即不能“建造土地”而应是“在土地上搞建筑”，故其后应加介词on.句意为：这块土地太软了，不适合在上面搞建筑，应该放弃。【主要考点】划线提问10.We held our school sports meeting in early March.(对划线部分提问)_ _ you hold your school sports meeting?【正确答案】When did【解析】从held可知为一般过去式，加之对时间提问，用when did【主要考点】非谓语11.Its better to teach a man to fish than

9、 _him fish.A giving B to give C gives D gave【正确答案】B【解析】前后结构均为非谓语【主要考点】量词12.Nowadays people usually get _information from TV, newspaper and the Internet.A quiet a few B a number of C a lot of D a pair of【正确答案】C【解析】information为不可数名词，a lot of可修饰不可数名词，表示大量的信息【主要考点】 代词13.After the discussion, most people

10、 took Janes advice instead of _. A.I B.my C.me D. mine 【正确答案】D【解析】本题考查名词性物主代词，mine=my advice。【主要考点】 口语交际14. -Could you do me a favour with the case, young man? -_. A. good idea B. With pleasure C. Thanks a lot D. Dont worry 【正确答案】B【解析】with pleasure 意为“十分乐意，十分荣幸”，可用于回答别人向自己寻求帮助。【主要考点】 连词成句15.me, brie

11、fly, explain, to, the touch pad, how, let, use.【正确答案】 Let me explain briefly how to use the touch pad.【主要考点】词转16.The famous scientist was born in a family.(serve)【正确答案】servants，a servants family意为“一个仆人的家庭”。【主要考点】句转17.was, a , in, left,and, a, on, as, her, smile, face, there, book, her, hand, usual（连

12、词成句） _【正确答案】There was a smile on her face and a book on her left hand as usual.【主要考点】词转18.As a young man, he doesnt like anything to do. He is really a man.(bore)【正确答案】boring 【解析】此处缺形容词，且意义应为“令人厌烦的”，故填boring。【主要考点】介词 19._ the end of last week, she went to Shanghai Museum for the displays.A. By B. In

13、 C. At D. On【正确答案】C 【解析】本题是易错点，学生容易想当然选A，惯性思维，其实应该是此句为一般过去时，在上个月末，她去了上海博物馆【主要考点】句转 20.Our teacher offered Shanghai as a great choice for the spring break.(对划线部分提问)_ did our teacher _ as a great choice for the spring break?【正确答案】 what, offer 【解析】本题是易错点，学生容易看到上海，就想当然的的认为是对地点提问，但这里的地点也是动词offer的宾语，所以要用w

14、hat【主要考点】首字母21.After some weeks in the hospital, the little boy survived. His legs were scarred by thea_ of the animal【正确答案】attack一 专题知识梳理 中考阅读A篇主要考察学生对全文的理解能力，不少学生会发现现在做A篇的正确率越来越低，很多答案都是模棱两可的，确定不了哪一个才是真正的答案。这时就需要我们运用一些方法了。建议学生可以采用 “先题后文”的方法：1. 先读题时只能是读其问题或题干，而不能读问题后的选项，否则不仅浪费时间，而且也无法记住众多答案所表达的众多信息。

15、2. 在读了题之后，要把这些问题记在心里，并带着这些问题去阅读短文，关于这一点学生是要经过反复的训练才能形成能力的，因为短文后的这些问题本身所表达的信息并不像短文那样有情节，也不像短文那样连贯，所以有不少同学在开始试用这种方法时，往往先读了题之后(尤其是当问题较多时)再读短文时，又忘记是什么问题了。3. 带着问题读短文时，对短文中出现的那些与问题有关的词句，你可以用一支铅笔在短文中作些记号，以便为下一步选择作好准备，但也要注意不要每读到一个与问题有关的信息点就停下来去对照后面的问题，因为这样转来转去要耽误一些时间，另一方面有些问题往往要通过对短文的全面了解才能作出结论，而不能仅仅从一、二个信息

16、点作出判断。4. 带着问题读完短文之后，接着便是选择理解题的答案。虽然你是带着问题去阅读短文的，但也并不是说你在阅读时带去的问题全部得到了答案，也可能有些还没有把握(尤其是一些主观理解题)，这时你同样要带着这些“疑题”去跳读短文(具体做法参见上面的“先文后题”的有关说明)。两外，除了有好的方法外，我们在做阅读A篇时还需要注意五点：注意一：试题各小题所提供的四个备选项，有的是语法、结构上有错误，有的是与短文意思不相符。解题时要把有结构、语法错误的先排除，再考虑是否符合短文内容。注意二：对短文中的生词或看不懂的句子，应大胆根据构词法及上、下文意思进行猜测，尤其对涉及文中某个词或某个句子含义的选择试

17、题，要根据文章所阐述的主要内容及上、下文内在逻辑关系，大胆分析推断，去伪存真选出正确答案。注意三：对于涉及文章主旨、大意、作者意图及短文标题等选择试题，虽然短文中没有直接说明，可统观全文，通过短文所提供的材料或联想短文材料以外的常识，如结合已学过的自然、社会科学知识加以综合理解、分析推测或按作者的思路进行推理，从而且推断出正确答案。注意四：做选择试题时一般先做在文中能直接找到依据的细节题，后做主旨题、推理题。这样在对语篇有更多领悟的基础上再进行推理判断和概括总结，把握性就更大。注意五：阅读的顺序一般是先读短文，再看题目，然后逐题作答。若文章较长，也可以先将测试题目通览一遍，然后带着问题阅读文章

18、。这样对与答题有关的段落、句子反应敏感，而对其他与答题无关的部分可以不必花费太多时间，阅读速度就可加快些。 二、专题精讲1. 依据主题句定短文的中心：任意一篇文章通常是围绕一个中心展开并且由段落组成的；段落之间有着内在的紧密联系，而表达段落主题的句子叫主题句，通常置于段落的开头，有时在段落末尾和中间；其它的句子是用来说明和阐述主题句的；若把一个个主题句加以整理，你能悟出其中心思想，同时还可以回避、排除个别生词、难句（等困难信号）所带来的干扰，但也有一些文章的中心思想常贯穿在全文中，因而要综观全文，对全文有一个透彻的理解才行。如： My friend Matt and I arrived at

19、the Activity Centre on Friday evening. The accommodation wasnt wonderful, but we had everything we needed (beds, blankets, food ), and we were pleased to be out of the city and in the fresh air. On Saturday morning we met the other ten members of our group. Cameron had come along with two friends, K

20、evin and Simon, while sisters Carole and Lynn had come with Amanda. There were some other members I didnt know. We had come from different places and none of us knew the area. We knew we were going to spend the weekend outdoors, but none of us was sure exactly how. Half of us spent the morning cavin

21、g while the others went rock-climbing and then we changed at lunchtime. Matt and I went to the caves (岩洞) first. Climbing out was harder than going in, but after a good deal of pushing, we were out at last. Though we were covered with mud, we were pleased and excited by what wed done. This passage m

22、ainly talks about _. A. the writers friends at the Activity Center B. the writers experience at the Activity Center C. outdoor sports at the Activity Center D. how to go rock-climbing and caving 上述这段短文的中心是说明“the writers experience at the Activity Center.”。作者以及作者的朋友，还有组上的其他一些成员一起在活动中心度周末的一些活动以及感受。故选B

23、1）主题句在段首或篇首主题句在段首或篇首的情况相当普遍。一般新闻报道、说明文, 议论文大都采用先总述，后分述的叙事方法。例如：All living things on the earth need other living things to live. Nothing lives alone. Most animals must live in a group, and even a plant grows close together with others of the same kind. Sometimes one living thing kills another, one ea

24、ts and the other is eaten. Each kind of life eats another kind of life in order to live, and together they form a food chain(食物链)。Some food chains become broken up if one of the links disappears.第一句即是主题句。这个句子概括了本段的中心意思：“地球上所有的生物要生存都离不开其他的生物”。后面讲述了大量的事实之后，作者指出：如果这些食物链中的一个链环消失，所有的食物都会断掉。所有这些事实都是围绕第一个句

25、子展开的。2）主题句在段末或篇末用归纳法写文章时，往往表述细节的句子在前，概述性的句子在后，并以此结尾。这种位于段末或篇末的主题句往往是对前面细节的归纳总结或者所得出的结论。例如：If you buy some well-made clothes, you can save money because they can last longer. They look good even after they have been washed many times. Sometimes some clothes cost more money, but it does not mean that

26、they are always better made, or they always fit better. In other words, some less expensive clothes look and fit better than more expensive clothes.这段文章前面列举了两件事实，最后一句是对这两个事实的概括：有些价钱便宜的衣服比价钱贵的衣服更好看，更合身。段末这个句子就是主题句。3）无主题句有时，一篇文章里并没有明显的主题句。这时我们应该怎样来确定文章的主题或中心意思呢？其实这也不难。我们可以首先找出每一段的中心意思，各段的中心意思往往都是围绕一个中

27、心来展开的，或者说是来说明一个问题的。这个中心或这个问题就是这篇文章的主题或中心意思。Killer bees started in Brazil 1957. A scientist in Sao Paulo wanted bees to make more honey(蜂蜜). So he put forty-six African bees with some Brazilian bees. The bees bred(繁殖) and made a new kind of bees. But the new bees were a mistake. They didnt want to ma

28、ke more honey. They wanted to attack. Then, by accident, twenty-six African bees escaped and bred with the Brazilian bees outside.Scientists could not control(控制) the problem. The bees increased fast. They went from Brazil to Venezuela. Then they went to Central America. Now they are in North Americ

29、a. They travel about 390 miles a year. Each group of bees grows four times a year. This means one million new groups every five years. Why are people afraid of killer bees? People are afraid for two reasons. First, the bees sting(叮) many more times than usual bees. Killer bees can sting sixty times

30、a minute nonstop for two hours. Second, killer bees attack in groups. Four hundred bee stings can kill a person.Already several hundred people are dead. Now killer bees are in Texas. In a few years they will reach all over the United States. People can do nothing but wait.这篇短文表面看起来没有主题句，那末怎样来确定它的中心意

31、思呢？按照上面的说明，我们先找出每一段的大意：第一段讲的是killer bees的产生。第二段讲的是 killer bees 的急剧增加。第三段讲的是人们害怕 killer bees 的原因。第四段讲的是 killer bees 已经杀死的人数和将来的状况。从这几段的大意可以看出这篇文章自始至终都是围绕 killer bees 这一中心展开的。换句话说，killer bees 就是这篇文章的主题。2. 掌握具体事实和重要细节：阅读文章时，要求学生养成辨认和记忆具体事实、重要细节的习惯。因为具体事实、重要细节是主题句的扩展、补充、说明或例证，是用来支持和说明中心思想的，而且是阅读理解测试的重要组成部分。在阅读理解题目中，有相当一部分是考查细节和事实的题目。