01托福语法笔记.docx

1、01托福语法笔记2000年01月语法题1. Amanda Ways career as a social reformer_ in 1851 when, at an antislavery meeting in Indiana, she called for a state womans rights convention.(A) begin(B) began(C) have begun(D) to have begun答案：B分析：空格处谓语动词。根据时间状语in 1851以及可知,谓语应用过去式。when是过去时的标志A 动词原型B 过去式C 现在完成时D 状语翻译参考：Amanda Wa

2、y作为一个社会改革者的事业始于1851年，那时，在印第安纳州的一个反奴隶制的会议上，她呼吁提出本州的女权法案。难度：1 2. The celesta, an orchestral percussion instrument, resembles_(A) a small upright piano(B) how a small upright piano(C) a small upright piano is(D) as a small upright piano答案：A分析：谓语是resemble，它是及物动词，后接宾语。 A 宾语 B 不是任何成分 C 主谓结构 D 状语翻译参考：Celes

3、ta(一种乐器)，一种管弦乐打击乐器,酷似一个小型的立式钢琴。难度：2 3. Thomas Paine, _, wrote Common Sense, a pamphlet that identified the American colonies with the cause of liberty.(A) writer of eloquent(B) whose eloquent writing(C) an eloquent writer(D) writing eloquent答案：C分析：句子成分完整，空格作同位语A 可改为a writer of eloquence，但是没有（C）的简洁。B

4、 类似定语从句，但结构不对。C 同位语，正确D类似动名词的形式，但结构不对翻译参考：Thomas Paine，一个雄辩的作家，创作了常识，一本将美国殖民地与自由事业等同起来的小册子。难度：2 4. Although beavers rarely remain submerged for more than two minutes, they can stay underwater _fifteen minutes before having to surface for air.(A) as long(B) as long as(C) so long(D) so long that答案：B分析

5、：句子主谓齐全，空格作状语 A，C 错误 B 状语 D 连词翻译参考：尽管海狸极少潜水超过两分钟，但是它们却能待在水下长达二十分钟才回到水面呼吸。难度：2 5. Protein digestion begins in the stomach _ends in the small intestine.(A) while(B) and(C) how(D) because答案：B分析：句中有两个谓语begins和ends，空格填连词。两个谓语是顺承关系。A 不是表示顺承的连词B 正确C不是表示顺承的连词D 表示因果翻译参考：蛋白质的消化开始于胃，结束于小肠。难度：2 6. When natural

6、gas burns, its_ into atoms of carbon and hydrogen.(A) hydrocarbon molecules, breaking up(B) broke up by hydrocarbon molecules(C) hydrocarbon molecules break up(D) broken up hydrocarbon molecules答案：C分析：空格处填主语和谓语 A 主语和状语 B 只有谓语，另外时态也不对 C 正确 D 无此用法翻译参考：当天然气燃烧的时候，它的碳氢分子分解为碳原子和氢原子。难度：2 7. _ ballet dancer

7、s learn five basic positions for the arms and feet.(A) All of(B) Of every(C) All(D) Every答案：C分析：本题为固定用法（all of the + 名词 或者 all+名词） A 缺少the B 无此用法 C 正确答案 D 和句子中的dancers不搭配，every修饰单数翻译参考：所有的芭蕾舞演员都学手臂和脚的五个基本动作。难度：2 8. Some colonies of bryozoans, small marine animals, form _with trailing stems.(A) creep

8、ing colonies(B) which colonies creep(C) creeping colonies are(D) colonies creep答案：A 分析：主语是some colonies，谓语是form为及物动词，后加宾语。 A 宾语 B缺少先行词，看起来像定语从句，但是既不是定于从句，也不是宾语 C 主谓结构 D 无此用法翻译参考：有些苔藓虫的、小海洋生物的领地，通过脱尾的茎，成为了蔓延的殖民地。难度：2 9. Ruth Bader Ginsburg argued six womens rights cases before the United States Supre

9、me Court in the 1970s,_(A) of five winning them(B) five winning of them(C) of them five winning(D) winning five of them答案：D分析：句子主谓宾齐全，空格处应填状语。 A 错误用法 B 错误用法 C winning少宾语，错 D 正确翻译参考：在二十世纪七十年代，RBG在美国高等法院为六个涉及女权的案件进行辩护，赢得了其中五个。难度：2 10. Natural selection is defined as the process _the course of evolutio

10、n by preserving those traits best adapted for an organisms survival.(A) to which directs(B) of which directs it(C) directs it(D) that directs答案：D分析：空格前是完整的句子，空格修饰process。 A 可以改为which directs B 同A C 动宾结构 D 定语从句，修饰process翻译参考：自然选择被定义为一个过程，这个过程通过保存最适合一个生物生存的特征来指导进化的过程。难度：2 11. _ 363 miles between the c

11、ities of Albany and Buffalo in New York State, the Eric Canal helped link the Atlantic Ocean with the Great Lakes.(A) The extension of(B) The extension(C) Extending(D) Extends答案：C分析：后半句主谓宾俱全，逗号前为状语 A 造成结构混乱 B 名词 C 现在分词作状语 D 动词翻译参考：Eric运河在纽约州的Albany市和Buffalo市之间延伸了360英里，它将大西洋和五大湖连接起来。难度：1 12.The chief

12、 sources of B12,a water-soluble vitamin _ stored in the body, include meat, milk and eggs.(A) is not(B) that is not(C) not that is(D) that not答案：B分析：句子主谓宾俱全。空格内的词语修饰vitamin A 谓语 B 定语从句，正确答案 C 错误用法 D 错误用法翻译参考：人体中并不贮存的一种水溶性的维他命B12，它的主要来源包括肉类,牛奶和蛋类。难度：3 13. _ is rooted in experiments in iron and steel

13、conducted in the nineteenth century.(A) While the history of twentieth-century architecture(B) The history of twentieth-century architecture(C) That the history of twentieth-century architecture(D) Both twentieth-century architecture and its history答案：B 分析：句子谓语是is rooted,谓语前的空格是主语 A 使整个句子成为一个状语从句 B

14、名词短语作主语 C That多余 D 和句子中的is 不对应翻译参考：20世纪建筑的历史植根于19世纪进行的钢和铁方面的试验。难度：2 14.The primary source of energy for tropical cyclones is the latent heat released when _(A) does water vapor condense(B) condensed water vapor(C) water vapor condenses(D) the condensation of water vapor答案：C分析：句子主谓宾俱全，空格是一个完整的句子和when

15、做状语从句。 A 倒装（没有必要） B 动宾结构 C 主谓结构，正确 D 名词短语，缺少谓语翻译参考：热带飓风的能量的主要来源是水蒸气凝结时释放的热量。难度：2 15. Maufacturing is Canadas most important economic activity, _17 percent of the workforce.(A) engages(B) and to engage(C) that it engage(D) engaging答案：D分析：句子主谓宾俱全，空格所在的部分做伴随状语 A 动词 B 介词+不定式 C 定语从句 D 动名词作状语翻译参考：制造业是加拿大的

16、最重要的经济活动，占有其总劳动力的17%。难度：1 16. The outer layer of the heart, called the pericardium, forms a sac in what the A B C D heart lies. 答案：D分析：将what改为which，这样，in which the heart lies就是定语从句修饰sac翻译参考：心脏的外层，名称是心包膜，形成了一个囊把心脏包在其中。难度：1 17. Wood from the ash tree becomes extremely flexibly when it is exposed to st

17、eam. A B C D 答案：B分析：谓语是become，它是系词，后面的副词flexibly应改为形容词flexible翻译参考：当灰树（一种白腊树）木材接触到水蒸气时，它就变得异常柔韧。难度：1 18. The ability to talk is one of the skill that make humans different from the A B C rest of the animal world. D答案：B分析：名词单复数误用，one of 后面加名词复数，把skill改为skills翻译参考：说话的能力是使人类不同于其它动物的技能之一。难度：1 19. In pla

18、ne geometry, the sum of the internal angles of any triangle A B Chas always equal to 180 degrees. D答案：D分析：be equal to是正确的用法。Has改为is。翻译参考：在平面几何中，任意一个三角形的内角和总是180度。难度：1 20. Polar bears are bowlegged and pigeon-toed, adaptations that enable this A B massive animals to maintain their balance as they wal

19、k. C D 答案：B分析：人称代词单复数的误用，应该将this改为these修饰animals。翻译参考：北极熊的腿是弓形的并且是脚趾是内弯的，这种适应使得这种庞大的动物在行走的时候能够保持身体的平衡。难度：2 21. Caves are formed by the chemical or action mechanical of water on soluble A Brock, by volcanic activity, and by earthquakes. C D 答案：A分析：词语排列顺序错误，应改为mechanical action。翻译参考：岩洞形成的几个因素是，水对可溶性岩石

20、的化学或机械的侵蚀、火山活动和地震。难度：1 22. Celery, an edible plant is having long stalks topped with feathery leaves, A B Cgrows best in cool weather. D答案：B分析：an edible plant是celery的同位语，句子的谓语是grows。应该将is having改为having或者改为which has，来修饰plant。翻译参考：芹菜，一种长着长长的茎，茎上有羽毛般的叶子的可食用的植物，在寒冷的天气下生长得最好。难度：2 23. The first fiction w

21、riter in the United States to achieve international fame A B C was Washington Irving, who wrote many stories, included Rip Van Winkle and DThe Legend of Sleepy Hollow.答案：D分析：D应改为including做伴随状语，表示主动翻译参考：第一个取得国际声誉的美国小说作家是Washington Irving，他写了很多小说,包括Rip Van Winkle和The Legend of Sleepy Hollow。难度：1 24. T

22、hree fundamental aspects of forest conversation are the protection of Aimmature trees, the use of proper harvesting methods, and provide for an B Cenvironment that supports reproduction. D答案：C分析：考点是平行结构，and表示并列，所以C应改为provision翻译参考：保护森林的三个基本方面是，未成熟的树木的保护,适当的砍伐，还有树木可再生环境的提供。难度：1 25. For each enzyme re

23、action there is an optimum temperature which maximum A B C efficiency is achieved. D答案：C分析：which所在从句作状语。应该把temperature which改为temperature at which。翻译参考：对于每一个酶反应，都有一个最佳的温度使其最充分反应。难度：1 26. Adolescence is a transitional stage in human development from the beginning A Bof puberty to the attainment of th

24、e emotion, social, and physical maturity of C adulthood. D答案：C分析：考点是平行结构，emotion改为emotional。翻译参考：青春期是人的发展过程中，从青春期的开始到成年人的情感的，社交的和生理方面的成熟的一个转变的阶段。难度：1 27. The people native to the northwest coast of North American have long A be known for wood carvings of stunning beauty and extraordinary quality. B

25、C D答案：B分析：完成时态应用have+been形式，be known应改为been known翻译参考：北美西北海岸的土著居民以制造极美丽的、优品质的木质雕刻而著称。难度：2 28. Colonial efforts to manufacture glass at Jamestown- and later attempts A B near Philadelphia and Boston-failed despite the abundant of fuel and good raw C materials. D 答案：C分析：despite+名词 用法。另外，没有adj.+of的用法。应

26、该将abundant改为abundance。翻译参考：殖民者在Jamestown生产玻璃的努力，以及后来在费城和波斯顿的尝试都失败了，尽管那里有着丰富能源和很好的原材料。难度：1 29. The orbit of a celestial body is usually in the shape of ellipse. A B C D 答案：D分析：可数名词单数形式前要加不定冠词.应在ellipse前加an。翻译参考：一个天体的运行轨道常常是呈椭圆状。难度：1 30. Chicago is the third largest publishing center in the United States, A B C exceeding only by New York City and San Francisco. D答案：D分析：因为后面有by表示被动，应该用过去分词。Exceeding改为exceeded。翻译参考：芝加哥是全美仅次于纽约和旧金山第三大出版中心。难度：1 31. North American bison differ from domestic cattle in have 14 rather than 13 A B C D pairs of ribs. 答案：C分析：介词in后面接名词或者动名词，have应改为having。