专升本英语词组语法总结.docx

1、专升本英语词组语法总结专升本英语词组、语法总结Sunny smile专升本考试日近，为了满足大家的要求，同时实现自己在课堂上的承诺，现在把专升本语法部分的命题趋势和解题关键整理出来，以期助你们在考试中更有把握的得到该得到的分数。注意：本文仅为个人非官方非权威预测，与任何机构和个人无关。本文旨在点击重点，以及针对重点“授人以渔”，因此，烦请不要问我能不能“押中”原题。请结合我去年发表的日志硝烟更浓升本复习中的重点一文系统复习，充分备战！语法很重要，但不是全部，专升本复习要全面进行，每一块都要合理安排时间不断深化！来到这里看到文章的，都请留下你的脚印。根据过去九年升本考试的考查重点，结合近几年（尤

2、其是0608年）考察的热门知识点，可把2010年专升本语法的考察的热点锁定在以下几块：非谓语动词、虚拟语气、倒装结构、定语从句、名词性从句（特别是主语从句和同位语从句）、时态和语态的结合考察。一、非谓语动词需要掌握的非谓语动词的三种形式：To do动词不定式V-ing现在分词Done过去分词1.表目地2.将来”要做”1.主动,一般的2.主动,正在进行的1.完成,被动的2.主动,完成的这里面考察的热点又以现在分词作宾语，主动形式表被动意义，省略to的动词不定式，不定式作宾语，分词作状语（动词不定式）以及几个惯用结构为热点。非谓语动词作宾语：后面必须跟V-ing的动词：avoid/enjoy/de

3、ny/finish/mind/preferto等后面必须跟to do的动词：pretend/tend/promise/refuse/fail/manage/hope等真题范例：1. I dont mind_ out for a walk in such a bad weather.A. to go B. going C. go D. went2.I dont understand why he pretended _ in the garden.A. to see me not B. not to see me C. not seeing me D. seeing me not分词作状语的考察

4、：（这类题的特点是句中有逗号和主句隔开，答案都含有非谓语的形式）解题关键：先找到主句的主语，结合所给答案，判断主语和从句（含有空格的通常是从句）的关系是主动还是被动，1. _from space, our earth, with water covering70% of its surface, appears as a “blue planet”.(09.32)A. Seen B. Seeing C. To be seen D. Having seen2. _ more time, the scientists will be able to work out a good solution

5、 to the problem.(06.14)A. Given B. Giving C. To give D. Be given 3. _finished his work, he had to stay at home at the weekend.A. Having not been B. Being not C. Not having D. Having not本文所有真题都不再写答案，也请不要问我答案你能看到这篇文章说明上过我的课，如果上过我的课还解不出来题，你现在马上要做的只有三件事深深的自我检讨；疯狂的翻动书页；向身边比你牛的同学请教。习惯用法的考察：It is no good/u

6、se doing sth. 例:It is no use crying over spilt milk.后悔没有用.There is no point/use/good (in) doing sth. 干某事没必要/意义/用处have a difficulty/trouble/problem/good time/hard time +(in) doing sth二、虚拟语气的考察：虚拟语气的考察点近几年变化不大，主要集中在对过去的虚拟（结合倒装结构考察）虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有were, should, 或had, 可将if省略，再把were, should或had 移到从句句首，实行倒装

7、。_, your advice yesterday, I would have missed the train.（04.06）A. Had I not taken B. if I didnt takeC. If I havent taken D. provided I didnt take另外一个考试热点就是虚拟语气在从句中的考察，即在表示建议,要求,命令等意思的动词(request, require, demand, advise, suggest, propose, recommend, command, order , desire, insist,)后面的从句中, 谓语动词用shou

8、ld+动词原形(should可以省略,that不能省略)Our director suggested that the news _ at once.A. announce B. would announce C. be announced D. should announce另外，还有几个固定的结构，如It is high/about time that. / would rather的用法wish的用法 / lest/for fear that引导的结构以及must have done/cant have done/ should have done/ shouldnt have done

9、/need have done等1.Its high time _ about the traffic problem.（08.08）A. something was done B. something is doneC. anything will be done D. nothing to be done2. I would rather you _ to the party with her.（06.29）A. go B. went C. will go D. has gone3. I gave her my telephone number lest she_her way to my

10、 home.A. had forgotten B. forgot C. should forget D. would have forgotten（请务必参考上课所记笔记，把这一部分知识点结合精讲过的例题弄透！）三、定语从句的考察：这几年似乎有一个必考的焦点，就是对非限定性定语从句的反复考察，尤其是其中which/as来代指前面整个句子的用法。除此之外还有关系代词that使用在特殊先行词all/the only等词之后的考察; 介词+关系代词的考察。（还是要结合笔记针对这几块好好复习啊）1. She has fallen in love with Jack, _ I find hard to

11、imagine.（09.28）A. who B. that C. whom D. which2. The sun heats the earth, _ makes it possible for plants to grow. （06.31）A. that B. where C. which D. what3. All _ is a continuous supply of fuel.（08.37）A. what is needed B. the thing neededC. that is needed D. for their needs4. Is this the house_ Shak

12、espeare was born?（09.09）A. which B. in that C. in which D. at which四、主语从句：主语从句考察的关键点就在几个特殊词在句首引导的主语从句，集中在who/whoever/whatever/whether等词引导的主语从句。1. _ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.（09.10）A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Who2. _ his dream of going to college will come true is u

13、ncertain.（08.04） A. That B. Whether C. If D. Even if 3. _ you ought to do is to see a doctor.（07.35）A. How B. What C. Which D. That五、倒装结构最近几年考察最多的就是部分倒装，部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前，构成的正确结构应是：助动词/情态动词/be动词 + 主语 + 实义动词no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, scarcely,at no time, in no way, in no case,

14、by no means,on no account, no longer, not until1. Not until ten oclock _ it was too late to return.(03.04)A. they realized B. they did realize C. did they realize D. realized they2. Seldom _ in such a rude way.(07.31)A. we have been treated B. have we been treatedC. we have treated D. have we treate

15、d3. Little _ that the police are about to arrest him.A. does he know B. he doesnt know C. he knows D. he didnt know除此之外，only置于句首的倒装；让步状语从句的倒装也在考察的范围：1. Only when we came back home, _ hat my watch was missing.（06.13） A. did I find B. I found C. I had found D. Had 1 found 2. _, water resources have be

16、en severely wasted or polluted.（09.31）A. They are scarce B. Scarce they areC. Scarce as they are D. As scarce they are3. Great _ the difficulties are, we must do our best to succeed.（06.25）A. while B. as C. although D. however六、时态和语态的考察时态除了在09年没有选择题专门考察，以前每年都有专门的考察，在备考中不能忽视，但考察的重点，集中在完成时态：1. I have

17、been to the West Lake three times _ 1970.A. since B. until C. from D. after2. John and I _ friends for eight years. We first got to know each other at a Christmas party. But we _ each other a couple of times before that.A. had been; have seen B. have been; have seen C. had been; had seen D. have bee

18、n; had seen3. By the time you arrive in London, we _in Europe for two weeks.A shall stay B have stayed C will have stayed Dhave been staying4. 1. The students _ their classroom when the visitors arrived.A . have cleaned B. had cleanedC. was cleaned D. have been cleaned5. Some of the apples were rott

19、en before reaching the market and _ away. A. could be thrown B. had to be thrownC. could throw D. had to throw 第五题答案：B 苹果作主语，只能用被动，从含有被动结构的AB里选择，由该句句意判断是苹果在上市前腐烂，因此选择“不得不”的选项。be absent from.缺席，不在be absorbed in全神贯注于近： be lost in；be concentrated on；be focused ontake.into account(consideration)把考虑进去ahe

20、ad of time提前confess to a crime承认罪行have confidence in对有信心be confident of有信心confidential机密的take.into consideration(=take.into account)考虑到，把考虑进去considerate(thoughtful of the needs)体贴的，考虑他人需要的，considerable相当大的，值得考虑的contrast.with. 把与相对(对照)in contrast to/with和形成对比by contrast对比之下take sth. under control(被)控

21、制住out of control无法控制be convenient to/for对方便cope with(deal with，try to find a solution to)应付，处理at all costs不惜任何代价at the cost of以为代价emerge from(appear，become known)出现，暴露(问题，意见等)end up with以而结束engage in或be engaged in忙于，从事be equipped with装备有，装有 except(but)除了except for(apart from)除以外 be good for对有好处；对有作用

22、be good at擅长于； be good to对好take.for granted(assume to be true)把认为理所当然的be in the habit of习惯于get (fall) into the habit of养成了的习惯live from hand to mouth勉强度日，现挣现吃at heart(in reality)内心里，实际上in ones heart(of hearts)内心深处，事实上by heart(by memory)熟记，背(诵)with all ones heart全心全意地，真心实意be ignorant of(lacking knowle

23、dge)对不了解，不知道make (leave)an impression on sb.give sb.an impression给留下印象make the most (use)of充分利用 gift talentby nature天生的，生来 in nature本质上 naturalname after用的名字命名none other than不是别人，正是 nothing but只有，不过而已it occurs to sb.that.某人想到all at once(suddenly，now)立即，马上once in a while(occasionally)偶尔in order井井有条，处

24、于良好状态；out of order(in bad condition)出毛病，发生故障participate in(take part in)参加be patient with对耐心perform on the piano(play the piano)演奏钢琴persist in坚持，固执in person亲自，当面come to the point谈主要问题there is no point in doing sth.没必要做某事point at(indicate，direct attention)指着point out(indicate，show)指出，指明popular with/a

25、mong大众所喜爱的，拥戴resort to诉诸于，求助于resort to force诉诸于武力respond to对反应，响应，对(药)有效in response to(as an answer to)回答，反应be responsible for对负责，是造成原因result in(cause)导致with the result that其结果是in return(for)作为报答；以报答(for)get rid of摆脱，去掉，除去be in the right正确的；in the wrong错误的give rise to(lead to)引起，导致at the risk of(wit

26、h danger of)冒的风险for the sake of(for the good or advantage of)为了起见be satisfied with满意on a large scale大规模地on schedule 按时，准时ahead of schedule提前；in advance预先；behind schedule落后于计划进度，晚于规定时间in search of寻找；in honor of为了表示对敬意；in memory of为了纪念；in pursuit of追求；on behalf of代表的利益；in favor of赞成；in season 旺季in sec

27、ret秘密地； in private私下share sth.with与分享，分担，分摊，共用be sorry about/for懊悔的，后悔的，难过的specialize in专门研究，专攻in spite of(despite)尽管stick to粘着，坚持stick to ones friend忠于朋友stick at(continue to work hard at)继续勤奋地致力于；stick at ones books勤奋读书be strict with对严格要求be/go on strike罢工suffer from患病；受苦痛be suitable for(fit)适合的 be

28、surprised at对惊奇；take.by surprise使惊奇； to ones surprise使某人惊奇in good taste大方，得体；(反意) in bad taste小家子气in terms of(with regard to；respectively)按照，根据，在方面think of(have the idea of)想到；(consider)考虑；(remember)想起on second thoughts经再三考虑之后 at the thought of一想到for the time being(temporarily)暂时in time (for)及时 on t

29、ime准时at no time无论何时也不in on time(very quickly)立即，马上at times(occasionally)间或，时常at all times(always)始终，总是be in use (be used)被使用；be out of use(be on longer used)不再被使用be used toV-ing习惯于used to动词原形(过去常常做)in vain(uselessly)徒劳be in the way(obstructive)碍事，阻碍by way of(by going through)经由，取道by the way(in addition)顺带地(转移话题)in no way无论怎样也不in a way从某种程度上说against ones will违心地，违背意愿地in a word总之；in other words换言之；hav