中考初中语法不定代词用法一览表.docx

1、中考初中语法不定代词用法一览表中考初中语法不定代词用法一览表例 词含义作 用例 句both后接复数名词表示两个人或事物主语Both are teachers. 两个都是教师。宾语The teacher wanted both of us to go.老师要我们两个人都去。定语Both questions are easy.两个问题都很容易。同位语They both did it well.他们两个人都干得不错。注: 1. both与定冠词、指示代词、物主代词连用时，应放在这些词的前面。2. both在否定句中用作主语时，表示部分否定。如： Both of you wont go. 你们两个不需

2、要都走。neither后接单数名词(与both反义)表示两个人或事物都不主语Neither is mine.两个都不是我的。宾语I want neither of the books.那两本书我都不要。定语Neither sentence is correct.两个句子都不对。注: Neither在句子中作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。Neither在句子中作主语时表示全部否定。如: Neither of you is Japanese.你们两个都不是日本人。You cant eat either of them=You can eat neither of them.either后接单数名词两

3、个人或物中任一个主语Either will be all right.两个中哪一个都行。宾语He looked at the two pens, but didnt buy either(=bought neither).他看了两支笔，但一支也没有买。定语You may take either book (=take one of the two books).=You cant take both of the two books.两本书你可以任选一本。all最少表示三个以上(肯定)主语All of them are workers.他们都是工人。宾语The teacher asked us

4、 all about the matter.老师问了我们所有的事。表语Thats all for today.今天就到这。定语All men are mortal.人总是要死的。状语He was all covered with mud.他浑身是泥。同位语They all came here.他们都到了。注: 1. all与定冠词、指示代词、物主代词连用时要放在它们的前面。如: Do you see all the birds in the tree?你看到树上所有的鸟吗？ 2. all用作状语时，应放在实义动词之前，助动词之后。如：The books were all sold out.所有

5、的书都卖完了。 3. not与all连用时表示部分否定。none(与all反义，与no one, not any同义)最少表示三个(否定)主语None of them have come back yet.他们一个都还没有回来。宾语She chose none but the best.她只挑了最好的东西。表语Its none of your business.没你的事。同位语We none of us send anything to our teacher.我们谁也没有给老师送东西。 none用在表示最少三个以上的否定。None指不可数名词时，其谓语用单数;指可数名词时，谓语动词可用单数也

6、可用复数。一般来说，从整体上来看，应用复数。例如：None of the money is mine. 这些钱都不是我的。None of the answers is(are) correct. 这些答案都不对。manymuchmany+可数名词，much+不可数名词主语Did many oppose it? 有许多人反对它吗？There is much milk in my cup. And there is not much in yours.我的杯里有许多奶，而你的杯里没有多少了。宾语I have as many as my sister has. 我和妹妹拥有的一样多。Eat as m

7、uch as you like. 你尽量地吃吧。定语We have many friends. 我们有许多朋友。There is much water left.还剩下许多水。someanysome用于肯定句，any用于否定句，疑问句和条件句中。主语Some of us were late for school.我们中有些人上学迟到了。宾语I want to eat some of the cakes.我想吃些蛋糕。定语I have some questions to ask. 我有些问题要问。Do you have any questions to ask? 你还有问题要问吗？注: some

8、有时可以用于表示“请求”的疑问句中，例如： Will you please give me some tea? 给我来些茶好吗？fewa few修饰可数名词。a few表示肯定，few表示否定。主语Few of us study English. 我们中很少有人学习英语。A few of the girls are tall. 女孩中有几个个子高。宾语We have few of books. 我们几乎没有书。定语He is a man of few words. 他是个沉默寡言的人。littlea little修饰不可数名词。a little表示肯定，little表示否定。主语There i

9、s little left. 所剩无几。宾语He has done little for us. 他很少为我们做事。定语I have a little money with me. 我身上带着一点钱。eacheveryone(each指两个以上，every指三个以上)Each强调个性，every强调共性，one表示某个主语Each has his own work. 每个人都有自己的工作。One must do ones duty. 人尽其量。宾语We must help each of the students. 我们必须帮助每位同学。定语Every one of us must study

10、 hard.我们中每位都必须努力学习。同位语They each had beautiful cars.他们每人都有一辆漂亮的小车。注: 1. one的所有格为ones;反身代词是oneself;复数形式是ones。One前面可用形容词或指示代词修饰，例如: the red one, this one。但不能用形容词性物主代词修饰。例如: my one, his one的表达是错误的。 2. every的后面不能接of短语，而every one, each后面则可以接of短语。otheranotherother表示“两个”之中的另一个; another表示三个以上或不明数量中的另一个。主语I h

11、ave two rubbers. One is white, the other is red.我有两块橡皮，一块是白色的，一块是红色的。宾语Show me another. 把另一个给我看。定语The other students are playing football. 另外一些同学在踢足球。Would you like another glass of water?你还要喝一杯水吗？each other表示两者之间的“互相”宾语We must learn from each other and help each other.我们必须互相学习，互相帮助。定语We should poin

12、t out each others shortcoming.我们必须互相指出缺点。one another表示最少三以上的“互相”宾语They talked with one another. 他们互相交谈。They helped one another with English. 他们在英语上互相帮助。注:other相当于名词时，其复数形式为others,其所属格形式为others和others。each other的所属格为each others。one another的所属格为one anothers。一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷1阅读理解 Happiness is for everyon

13、e. You dont need to care about those people who have beautiful houses with large gardens and swimming pools or those who have nice cars and a lot of money and so on. Those who have big houses may often feel lonely and those who have cars may want to walk on the country roads at their free time. In f

14、act happiness is always around you if you put your heart into it. When you are in trouble at school, your friends will help you. When you study hard at your lessons, your parents are always taking good care of your life and your health. When you get success, your friends will say congratulations to

15、you. When you do something wrong, people around you will help you to correct it. And when you do something good to others, you will feel happy too. All these are your happiness. If you notice them you can see that happiness is always around you. Happiness is not the same as money. It is a feeling of

16、 your heart. When you are poor, you can also say you are very happy because you have something else that cant be bought with money. When you meet with difficulties, you can say loudly you are very happy because you have more chances to challenge yourselves. So you cannot always say you are poor and

17、you have bad luck. If you take every chance you get, you will be a happy and lucky person.（1）Happiness is for . A.all peopleB.those who have a lot moneyC.those who have large and beautiful housesD.those who have cars（2）When you do something wrong, . A.you have no chance to challenge youB.people arou

18、nd you will help youC.your classmates will laugh at youD.you will be happy（3）Happiness is not the same as money means . A.money doesnt always bring happinessB.money always brings happinessC.everything can always bring happinessD.only rich people have happiness（4）Which is the best title for the passa

19、ge? A.Life and SuccessB.Happiness and LuckC.Do Something Good to OthersD.Happiness【答案】 （1）A（2）B（3）A（4）D 【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章主要论述了快乐无处不在，只要你抓住你的每一次机会，你就会快乐。 （1）细节理解题，根据 Happiness is for everyone. 可知，快乐是每一个人的，也就是所有人的，故答案是A。 （2）细节理解题，根据 When you do something wrong, people around you will help you to correct

20、 it. 可知，当你做错了事，你身边的人不帮助你改正。故答案是B。 （3）句意猜测题，一般而言，金钱可以买到一切物质性的东西，但是快乐是内心的一种感受，是不能够用金钱买到的，因此说金钱并不能够总是买到一切。故答案是A。 （4）标题判断题，从文章的第一句 Happiness is for everyone. 到文章的最后一句 you will be a happy and lucky person. 都是围绕着快乐展开论述的，故答案是D。 【点评】考查阅读理解，本题主要涉及到了细节理解题、句意猜测题和标题判断题，细节理解题一般可以直接从文中找到答案，句意猜测则需要根据其字面意思或者该句的前后句进

21、行合理的想象和推理，而标题判断题则需要在从分理解文章的基础上，提炼中心，凝练句式。2阅读理解 I did something wrong today. While at the beach this afternoon. I met a boy called Bob We talked a lot. He said that it was fun playing on the cliffs (悬崖). I told him that I was not allowed to go near that place(Mum and Dad had always told me it was dan

22、gerous to play there). He called me a coward. I wanted to prove to him that I was just as brave, so I agreed to go with him. We wanted to make our way down to explore (探索)the area, so Bob started to climb down and I followed him. Unluckily, some rocks came down after us. One of them nearly hit my he

23、ad. We could not get back up. We shouted and shouted for help, but for a long time no help came. I was really scared. I wanted to cry. Then, we heard some sounds. Someone had heard us. A woman tied (系 )a rope around herself while a man at the cliff top held the rope. She made her way down to save us

24、. My parents were relieved (宽慰的)that I was unhurt, but they were angry that I had done such a risky thing. I apologized and promised that I would not do anything like that again.（1）Where did the writer meet Bob? A.At schoolB.In the parkC.At the beachD.On the cliffs（2）In Paragraph 2. “a coward” means

25、_. A.a person who is not braveB.a person who is not cleverC.a person who is not strongD.a person who is not polite（3）What had the writer s parents always warned him about? A.The wind was very strong.B.The beach was too far away.C.The cliffs were not a safe place.D.Bob was difficult to get on with.（4

26、）Put the sentences in the right order according to the passage.a. Some rocks came downb. The writer followed Bobc. The writer wanted to cryd. A man and a woman saved theme. The writer and Bob heard some soundsA.a-b-c-d-eB.b-a-c-e-dC.a-c-b-e-dD.b-c-a-e-d（5）How did the writer feel about what he had do

27、ne? A.SurprisedB.ExcitedC.GladD.Sorry【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）C（4）B（5）D 【解析】【分析】本文主要是叙述了作者的一次冒险经历，并为此而感到难过。并表示再也不做那样冒险的事情了。（1）细节理解题。根据第二段第一句While at the beach this afternoon. I met a boy called Bob可知作者在沙滩上遇见Bob，故选C。（2）推断题。根据下句I wanted to prove to him that I was just as brave, so I agreed to go with him我想向他证明我

28、也一样勇敢，于是我同意和他一起去。可推断出He called me a coward他称我.是“不勇敢的人”，故选A。（3）细节理解题。根据Mum and Dad had always told me it was dangerous to play there父母总是告诉我在那里（悬崖）玩是危险的，可知悬崖不是一个安全的地方，故选C。（4）通读第二段可知作者跟随Bob去探索海洋，（b）一些石头下来了 (a)，他们回不去了，大声呼救，作者害怕了想哭(c)，然后听到了一些声音 (e)，一个男士和一个妇女救了他们(d)。故选B。（5）推断题。由开头I did something wrong tod

29、ay.我今天做了一件错事。和结尾but they were angry that I had done such a risky thing. I apologized and promised that I would not do anything like that again但是他们对我所做的这样一件冒险的事情而感到生气，我道歉并保证再也不做那样的事情了。得知作者对自己所做的事情感到难过。故选D。【点评】考查学生的阅读理解能力。首先读懂文章，根据问题在文章中找到依据，非常容易能选出正确答案。3根据短文理解，选择正确答案。B People all have problems. If we dont deal with these problems, we can easily become unhappy. Worrying about our problems can affect how we do at school