英语分类词汇一解析.docx

1、英语分类词汇一解析【大小写】China指中国，china指瓷器；Japan指日本，japan指亮漆；Jordan指约旦和“乔丹”，jordan指尿壶；John指约翰，john指厕所；Turkey 指土耳其，turkey指火鸡；Shanghai指上海，shanghai指拐骗；Russia 指俄罗斯，russia指俄罗斯皮革【名著】1.西游记Pilgrimage to the West 2.三国演义The Romance of the Three Kingdoms 3.红楼梦A Dream in Red Mansions 4.水浒传Heroes of the Marshes 5.聊斋志异Stran

2、ge Tales of a Lonely Studio 6.论语Analects of Confucius【Four Great Inventions of Ancient China】paper making造纸术；gunpowder火药；printing印刷术；compass指南针【奥运口号】1984美国洛杉矶:Play a Part in History 参与历史。1992西班牙巴塞罗那:Friends for life 永远的朋友。2002美国盐湖城冬奥会:Light the fire with in点燃心中之火。2008年中国北京:One World One Dream同一个世界同一

3、个梦想。2012年英国伦敦:Inspire a Generation激励一代人【学校】homeroom teacher 班主任；vice-principal 副校长；assignment 作业；hallway 走廊；school nursing office 医务室；cafeteria 食堂；auditorium 礼堂；gymnasium 体育馆；audio-video room视听室；mock test 模拟考试；pop quiz 测验。【学生】freshman大一/高一生；sophomore大二/高二生；junior大三/高三生；senior大四/高四生；college student/u

4、niversity /collegian大学生；graduate student研究生；doctoral student/PhD student博士生；intern实习生；graduate大学毕业生；a school-Leaver应届毕业生【教育】notion of education 教育理念，quality education 素质教育，exam-oriented education 应试教育，hold great ambition to ones children 望子成龙，cultivate sb in terms of ones aptitude因材施教；spare the rod,

5、 spoil the child 不打不成气，cram school 补习班【数学】整数Integers:自然数Natural Numbers零Zero负整数Negative Integers偶数Even Numbers奇数Odd Numbers小数Decimals:循环小数Recurring Decimals非循环小数Terminating Decimals分数 Fractions:百分数Percent千分数 Permille把.四舍五入到.round off.to；no less than 大于等于； no more than 小于等于；round to/to the nearest 四舍

6、五入；A divided into B 即B/A，A divided by B 即A/B；The ratio of A to B is .A比B的比例是；be parallel to 平行于；be perpendicular to 垂直于；正数positive number；负数negative number；小数decimal (fraction)；小数点decimal point；分母denominator；分子numerator；阿拉伯数字 Arabic numeral【学科】化学chemistry;生物biology;地理geography;地质geology; 天文学astronom

7、y;几何学geometry;哲学philosophy; 统计学statistics; 法学law; 新闻学journalism; 医学medicine.【数量】metric ton 公吨；long ton 长吨；short ton 短吨；pound, lb 磅；ounce, oz 盎司；ream 令；set 套；cubic meter 立方米；millimeter 毫米；yard 码；mile 英里；gallon 加仑；carat 克拉；teaspoon 茶匙；litre 升；inch 英寸；foot 英尺；acre 英亩；dozen 打【几何形状】rectangle 长方形；trapezoi

8、d 梯形；pentagon 五边形；oval 椭圆形；sector 扇形；pyramid 金字塔(棱锥体)；cube 立方体；cylinder 圆柱体；cone 圆锥体；concave 凹面；convex 凸面【exams】参加考试take/sit an exam；挂科fail/flunk an exam；补考resit/retake an exam；死记硬背应付考试cram for exams；轻松通过考试breeze through exams；勉强通过考试squeak/scrape through exams；复习功课review lessons.【毕业季】commencement/gr

9、aduation ceremony 毕业典礼；marshal of graduation ceremony 毕业典礼的司仪；graduation party 毕业晚会；graduation song 毕业歌；graduation photo 毕业照；graduate and leave school 毕业离校；farewell dinner party 散伙饭；farewell present 饯别礼物【住宿】omestay （指留学生与户主家一起居住以求互利的）住家住宿（方式）；student hostel 学生公寓；flat (英) 公寓的单元住房；apartment (美)公寓的单元住房

10、；entrance hall 门厅，大堂；lobby （公共场所入口处的）大厅，通道；accommodation 膳宿、住处；residential building 住宅；commercial building 商业楼宇；Affordable housing 经济适用房；Public housing 公共住房（政府为低收入者建立的）； low-rent housing 廉租房；down-payment 首付；deposit 定金；mortgage slave 房奴【标点符号】apostrophe上撇号square brackets方括号colon冒号comma逗号dash破折号ellipsi

11、s省略号；exclamation point感叹号hyphen连字符parentheses圆括号；period句号question mark问号quotation mark引号semicolon分号。【书】bestseller 畅销书；abridged edition 节选版，删节版；adaption 改编版；advance copy 样书；all rights reserved 版权所有，不得翻印；afterword 后记；allusion 典故，引文；annotation 注释；appendix 附录；bargain book 特价图书；book fair 书展，书市；封面front co

12、ver；目录table of contents；前页front matter；硬封面hardbound；软封面softcover；书脊spine；序言foreword；前言preface；附录appendix；索引index；附注notes；参考文献bibliography；献词dedication；版权copyright【人】Cartoonist 漫画家；Photographer 摄影师；Baker 面包师；Journalist 记者；Detective 侦探；director 导演；talent 星探；novelist 小说家；Accountant 会计；athlete 运动员；beaut

13、ician 美容师；broker 中介；chauffeur 司机；mechanic 技工；pharmacist 药剂师；veterinarian 兽医；material girl拜金女；white collar白领；new rich，upstart暴发户；baogongtou, labor contractor包工头；green hand菜鸟；singer-composer创作型歌手；single youngsters who have exceeded the lawful marriage age大龄青年；top notch, big shot大腕；noodlehead 傻子；psycho

14、 疯子；brown-nose 巴结的人；weirdo 怪人；cheapskate 小气鬼；yellow-belly/coward胆小鬼；fossil 古板守旧的人；wet blanket 扫兴的人；bully 恃强欺弱的人；airhead 笨蛋；drama queen 喜欢小题大作的人；moonlight clan月光族；thumb tribe拇指族；ant tribe蚁族；Neet generation啃老族；disengaged employee橡皮族-指对工作失去了热情和野心的人；scumbag 卑鄙的人，人渣；drug dealer毒贩子；gangster黑帮恶棍；hooligan小流

15、氓/街头恶棍；bastards.混蛋；jerk蠢人，傻瓜；asshole可恶的家伙；skunk 卑鄙的人；snob 势利小人；dirty old man 老色鬼；lecher 色鬼,淫棍【求职短语】break an agreement 违约；self-assessment 自我评估；constructive criticism 有益的批评；enhance the efficiency 提升效率；enhance customer loyalty 增强客户忠诚度；future projection 长远规划；strive for sth. 努力（追求）；do ones utmost 竭力。【情绪】

16、pout 噘嘴；flush脸红；frown 皱眉；brood沉思；stupified精神恍惚的；poker-faced面无表情的；leer抛媚眼；glare瞪眼；glower怒视；grimace做鬼脸；gloom郁闷；yawn打哈欠；embarrassment困窘/囧；sulk生闷气；depression沮丧；anticipation期待；despair绝望；rage愤怒；tremor 颤抖；trepidation 惊恐；petrify 使发呆；scare 惊吓；startle 使大吃一惊；stun 使目瞪口呆；dismay 使惊愕【笑】beam眉开眼笑；chuckle 轻笑，simper 痴

17、笑，chortle 哈哈大笑；giggle 咯咯笑；grin 咧嘴笑、露齿笑；smirk 傻笑、假笑；sneer 嘲笑、冷笑、讥笑；cackle 咯咯大笑；snicker 窃笑、暗笑、偷笑；snigger 吃吃地窃笑；titter 嗤笑、傻笑；cachinnate/guffaw 狂笑、哄笑、放声大笑；crack a smile 莞尔一笑；explode with laughter 哄堂大笑；force a smile 强颜欢笑；in stitches 笑不可支，忍俊不禁；a saccharine smile 谄笑，谄媚的笑；shriek with laughter 尖声狂笑；beam with

18、 smiles 笑逐颜开；grin from ear to ear 嘴咧得大大地笑；burst out laughing/burst into laughter 突然大笑；crack a smile 展颜微笑，莞尔一笑；grin with delight 高兴的咧嘴而笑；laugh it off 一笑而过；laugh a hearty laugh 放声大笑，开怀大笑；smile bitterly 苦笑【玩笑】讲笑话 tell/make a joke；逗得某人捧腹大笑crack someone up ；拿某人来开玩笑 make a joke of someone；和某人闹着玩joke with

19、someone，低级笑话off-color joke； 圈内人才懂的笑话inside joke；黄色笑话dirty joke；轶事、逸事、趣闻 anecdote；俏皮话、妙语 witticism【考研】absurd, ridiculous, silly “愚蠢，可笑” absurd a. 荒谬的，可笑的，指因不符合常识、违反真理或不合逻辑而令人发笑。ridiculous a. 荒唐可笑的，指因为愚昧无知而令人发笑并成为笑柄，含有蔑视成分。silly a. 愚蠢的，傻的，指由于单纯或者头脑简单而显得愚蠢。【各种姿势】kneel跪着；squat蹲着；stretch伸懒腰；lie prostrate

20、俯卧；push-up俯卧撑；huddle蜷缩；swing摇摆；bend down弯腰；hunch forward背往前驼；lean back往后倚靠；tiptoe踮起脚；handstand倒立；cartwheel侧手翻；somersault翻跟头；cross legs翘二郎腿；poise oneself保持平衡；bow 弯腰；hop 单脚跳；crawl 爬行/匍匐前行；drag 拖；lift 抬；slip 滑到；trip over 绊倒【形容词】affable 和蔼可亲的；bold 大胆的；courageous 英勇的；fearless 无畏的；mean 卑鄙的、刻薄的；ignominious

21、 可耻的、不光彩的；filthy 污秽的；kind-hearted 好心肠的、善良的；humane 仁慈的、高尚的；merciful 仁慈的；pitiful 慈悲的；facile 随和的；heroic/gallant 英勇的、英雄的；dauntless 不屈不挠的、无畏的；cowardly 怯懦的、胆小的；yellow-bellied 胆小怯懦的；chicken-hearted胆小软弱的；candy-ass 胆小鬼；awesome极好的，很棒的；incredible 难以置信的，惊人的；fabulous极妙的；fantastic 极出色的；brilliant 有才；superb 超赞；self

22、less无私的；self-sacrificing不自私的；sensitive敏感的；over sensitive过于敏感的；sociable好交际的；talented有才能的；aggressive，enterprising 有进取心的；apprehensive有理解力的；aspiring有抱负的；audacious大胆的；candid正直的；competent能胜任的；analytical 善于分析的；broad-minded 心胸开阔的；disciplined 遵守纪律的；methodical 办事有条理的；perceptive 敏锐的；frank 坦率；diligent 勤奋；sentim

23、ental 多愁善感；childish 幼稚；purposeful 意志坚强的；genteel有教养的；gentle温和，有礼貌的；temperate 稳健的；tireless 孜孜不倦的；sensible 明白事理的；steady 踏实的；liverish 暴躁的；hospitable殷勤的；impartial公正的；independent有主见的；industrious勤奋的；ingenious有独创性的；detail-oriented 注重细节的；family-oriented 顾家的；economical有金钱观的；cautious 谨慎的；conservative保守的；picky挑

24、剔的/吹毛求疵的；neat freak有洁癖的；considerate 考虑周到的；compassionate有同情心的；imaginative富于想象的；loyal忠诚的；dutiful孝敬的；possessive占有欲强的；unpredictable难以捉摸的；moody喜怒无常的；clingy 黏人的；old-womanish 挑三拣四的，婆婆妈妈的；sissy/sissified/womanish娘娘腔的，女人气的；effeminate 缺乏阳刚之气的，娇气的；prissy 神经质的，谨小慎微的，过分挑剔；soft 软弱无能的；unmanly 怯懦的，缺乏男子汉气概的；chicken

25、胆小鬼；Gorgeous华丽的；Hilarious充满欢乐的；Glorious光荣的；Exquisite精美的；adorable可爱的；gorgeous靓美养眼；bravo不错真好；incomparable无与伦比；smug自鸣得意的；frustrated挫败的；suspicious怀疑的；vivacious 快活的；hysterical 歇斯底里的；livid 怒气冲冲的；morose 郁闷的；cynical 愤世嫉俗的；lackadaisical 懒洋洋的；inconceivable不可思议的；uncanny 离奇的；marvelous 了不起的；breathtaking 惊人的；asto

26、nished 令人惊讶的；striking 惊人的；aristocratic考究的；clean-cut棱角分明的；comely清秀的；fair白皙的；graceful优雅的；personable风度翩翩的；robust粗犷的；stylish潇洒的；virile刚健的；sharp机智的；winning-赢得众人目光 sensuous-眼花缭乱的美 delectable-可口 enticing-诱人 covetable-众人渴望 irresistible-无法抗拒 dreamy-梦幻般 engaging-有魅力 teasing-撩拨人 magnetic-有磁性 fetching-引人迷恋；deli

27、cate纤弱的；dreamboat梦中情人；elegant优雅的；eyeful养眼的；foxy古灵精怪的；pulchritudinous貌美如花的；tasteful品位高雅的；浓眉strong brow；大鼻子strong nose；高额头high forehead；宽下巴broad jaw；宽肩膀broad shoulders；胸部肌肉发达chest muscularity；挺拔的身姿erect posture；细腰slim/narrow waist；壮实 physical strength；V形上身 v-shaped torso【总有这么个人】1.一根筋儿 one track-minded

28、 2.出众的人 a lulu 3.两面派 two-faced 4傻大个儿 a lummox 5.收破烂儿的人 a rag man 6.乡巴佬 a hayseed 7.不三不四的人riff-raffs 8.受气包儿 doormat 9.面无表情的人 a deadpan 10.扫帚星 a jinx【六种睡姿六种性格】1.胎儿型 Fetus：无法抗拒的魅力Irresistibly charming；2.树干型 Log：有领导魅力 Charismatic；3.思念型 Yearner：外向 Extroverted；4.士兵式 Soldier：保守Conservative；5.海星型 Starfish：善

29、于社交 Sociable；6.自由落体型 Freefall：倔强 Stubborn。【法律】案子 case；被告 defendant；辩护律师 defense lawyer；出庭 appear in court；传票 summons；当事人陈述 statement of the parties；调解 mediation；人民法院 Peoples Court；宣判 pronounce judgement；刑事责任年龄age for criminal responsibility；刑事责任能力criminal responsibility;capacity for criminal respons

30、ibility；犯罪crime; commit a crime；故意犯罪 intentional crime【保险】insurance 保险；insurer 保险人；insurance company 保险公司；applicant 投保人；insurant 受保人；clause 条款；expense/premium 保险费；broker 保险经纪人；claim 索赔；life insurance 人寿保险；insurance premium 保险费；coverage 保险总额；policy-holder 保险客户；termination of risk 保险责任终止；to renew 续保；o

31、bligation of compensation for loss 赔偿的义务；coverage 报道范围；保险范围；indemnity 损害保障；损害赔偿【医疗】prescription 处方；Injection注射；Vaccine疫苗；Syringe针管；Ointment药膏；Plaster/Band-aid创可贴；Thermometer体温计；Bandage绷带；Wound伤口；Scratch划伤；Bruise瘀伤；diagnose 诊断，判断；antibiotic 抗生素；commission 佣金 【医生】psychologist 心理医生；dermatologist 皮肤科医生；

32、medical specialist 专科医生；physician( internist) 内科医生；clinician 临床医师；gynecologist 妇科医生；plastic surgeon 整形外科医生；attending physician 主治医师；vet兽医；surgeon外科医生；psychiatrist精神病医生；pediatrician儿科医生；medical examiner法医；quack庸医【疾病】Anorexia nervosa 厌食症；Bronchitis 气管炎；Chickenpox 水痘；Conjunctivitis (pink eye)红眼病；Glaucoma 青光眼；Leprosy 麻风病；Osteoporosis 骨质疏松症；Meningitis 脑膜炎；肺炎pneumonia；肝炎hepatitis；胃肠炎gastroenteritis；乳腺炎mastitis；白血病leukemia；爱滋病AIDS(Acquired Immune）；白内障cataract；ulcer 溃疡；chilblain 冻疮；bruise 擦伤，挫伤；sprain、twist 扭伤；bump 肿块；fracture 骨折；tetanus 破伤风；anaemia 贫血；arthritis 关节炎