中学教材全解八年级英语上.docx

1、中学教材全解八年级英语上Module 1 How to learn English第1单元内容详解1. Welcome back, everyone.欢迎大家回到学校。welcome v. 欢迎welcome sb. to + 地点欢迎某人到某地Welcome you to our school.欢迎你到我们学校来。Welcome home! 欢迎回家！（home为副词，所以前面不用to)welcome n.欢迎，迎接a warm welcome 热情欢迎a cold welcome 冷遇2. Now because its a new term, Im going to give you s

2、ome advice.新学期开始之际，我想给大家提几点建议。advice意为“建议，意见”，是不可数名词。表示“一条建议”用a piece of advice, 表示“一些建议”用some advice。Ill give you some advice on how to look after your pet dog. 我将给你一些怎样照顾你的宠物狗的建议。搭配 give sb. some advice / give some advice to sb. 给某人提一些建议ask for advice 征求意见follow / take sb. s advice 接受某人的建议7. 拓展adv

3、ise是动词，意为“建议”，后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语，也可用于advisesb. (not) to do sth.结构，意为“建议某人（不要）做某事”。She advised us to wait (for) one more day. 她建议我们再等一天。3. Why dont you write it down? 你们为何不把它记下来呢？（1）Why dont you do？是英语中一个重要的句型，意为“你（们）为什么不做事呢？”,多用来向对方提出建议。该句型还可简化为“Why not do?”。Why dont you read newspapers in English? = Wh

4、y not read newspapers English?你为什么不读英文报纸呢？中考链接一Look! Its raining heavily. _ take a raincoat with you?Well, Ill take one right now.A. Why not B. Why dont C. Would you mind D. Would you like解析：四个选项都是提建议的句型，但后跟的动词形式不一样：Why not + 动词原形？ Why dont you + 动词原形？ Would you mind doing？ Would you like to do.？所以只

5、能选A。 答案：A（2）write down意为“写下，记下”，其同义短语为put down。其宾语若是名词，放在down前后均可；若是代词作宾语，须放在down之前。Please write down these new words in your notebook. =Please write these new words down in your notebook.请把这些生词记在你的笔记本上。Please write them down. 请把它们记下来。4. You should always speak English in class. 课堂上大家应该一直讲英语。speak v

6、.说话；讲(语言）Can you speak English? 你会讲英语吗？辨析：say，speak, talk 与 tell1.say “说，讲”，着重译调讲话的内容，指用口头或书面语言表达思想2.speak “说，演讲”侧重于讲话的动作；speak后常接表示某种语言的名词。3.talk “交谈，谈话”，指跟少数人“随意地说”，不侧重说的内容。Talk常与介词to, with, about连用4.tell“告诉，讲述”多指以口头方式告诉某人，常用于讲故事等。He says he will go to Shanghai to visit his grandparents.他说他将去上海看望他

7、的爷爷奶奶。The child is learning to speak.这个孩子正在学习说话。Dont talk with each other freely in class.上课不要随便相互交谈Tell me the time, please.请告诉我时间。一言辨异After she spoke at the meeting, she talked with the students. She told them that what she said was very important.在会上发了言之后，她跟学生们进行了交谈，并告诉他们她讲的东西很重要。5. What else? 还有

8、其他的吗？else常用在不定代词、疑问代词或疑问副词之后作后置定语。He has something else to tell you. 他还有一些别的事情要告诉你。Who else are you waiting for? 你还在等谁？辨析：else 与 other两者都可意为“其他的，另外的”，但用法不同：（1）else用作形容词或副词，常用于修饰不定代词、疑问代词或疑问副词，也可以修饰all, much，little等词，修饰这些词时，else要位于其后，作后置定语。Where else are you going? 你还要去哪儿？Im taking some clothes and b

9、ooks, not much else. 我要带几件衣服和一些书，别的就没什么了。else还可以构成所有格，即elses, 意为“另外的 / 其他的（人或物）”。My books are much more than anybody elses. 我的书比其他任何人的书都多很多。（2）other作形容词，用以修饰名词或代词，位于其前作定语。We learn Chinese, maths, English and some other subjects at school.我们在学校学习语文、数学、英语，还有一些其他的科目。other作代词，可以单独作主语、宾语、表语，其复数形式为others。

10、Some students are playing under the tree and others are flying kites over there. 一些学生在树下玩耍，还有一些在那边放风筝。_6. Its a good idea to check your vocabulary notebook every day.每天核査一下自己的词汇笔记是个好主意。本句为“It is +名词（短语）+ to do sth. ”句式，it是形式主语，动词不定式短语是句子的真正主语。Its your turn to play the piano. 轮到你弹钢琴了。7. How about lis

11、tening to the radio or reading a newspaper in English?听听英文广播，读读英文报纸怎么样？How about.？相当于“What about？”，用来与对方商量或者询问对方的情况或意见，about是介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词。I like English. How about you? 我喜欢英语。你呢？How about going fishing? 去钩鱼怎么样？中考链接一How about raising money for the people in Yushu, Qinghai?A. Good idea B. Enjoy your

12、self C. Never mind D. Youre welcome解析：How about.? 句型用于征求建议，其肯定回答用Good idea。答案:A8. But try not to translate every word. 但是尽量不要逐词翻译。（1）try to do sth. 尽力去做某事。此结构也是提出建议的一种方式，它的否定形式为：try not to do sth. 尽力不要做某事。拓展try doing sth. 表示“尝试傲某事”。He tried putting some sugar into the coffee. 他试着往咖啡里加了一些糖。（2）transla

13、te意为“翻译，译”，是动词。常见搭配: translateinto. 意为“把译成”，也可以表示为 putinto或changeintoWould you like to translate the passage about Zhou Jielun into English for me? Would you like to put the passage about Zhou Jielun into English for me? Would you like to change the passage about Zhou Jielun into English for me?你能帮我

14、把这篇关于周杰伦的文章翻译成英语吗？9. I think everyone should have a pen friend and write email messages to each her.我认为每个人都应该交一个笔友，并互相发送电子邮件。everyone意为“每个人”，相当于everybody，表示一个单数概念。当everyone作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。Everyone likes the movie. 每个人都喜欢这部电影。拓展（1）everyone用于否定句，表示部分否定。Everyone here doesnt like durian. Not everyone he

15、re likes durian.并不是这里的所有人都喜欢榴莲。（2）everyone在反意疑问句中，反问部分的主语常用they。Everyone is right, arent they? 大家都对，是吗？Everyone comes here，dont they? 大家都来了，是吗？10. She can help me with my homework.她可以帮我做作业。help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助某人I often help him with maths. 我经常在数学方面帮助他I often help him（to）learn maths.help作名词时，还有如

16、下表达：with the help of 在的帮助下with ones help 在某人的帮助下第2单元内容详解1. Many students ask for advice about improving their English.很多学生咨询提高英语水平的建议。ask for意为“请求”, 有时也用作ask sb. for。If we have any trouble in learning English, we can ask Mr Wang for help.如果我们在学习英语中有什么困难，我们可以请求王老师帮忙。2. I enjoy watching English films

17、and listening to real English songs.我喜欢看英文电影，听原版的英文歌曲。enjoy的用法：（1）enjoy后如果跟动词，要用动词的-ing形式，构成enjoy doing sth. 意思是“喜欢做某事”。The children enjoy watching action movies.孩子们喜欢看动作片。拓展类似于enjoy的用法的动词还有：mind(介意），finish(完成），practise（练习）等。注意enjoy后不用不定式作宾语。（2）enjoy oneself意思是“过得快乐，玩得愉快”，相当于have a good time或have fu

18、n.Were enjoying ourselves very much in Shanghai. 我们现在在上海玩得很开心。3. But it takes a long time. 但是会花费很长时间。本句是一个省略句，其完整的表达是：But it takes a long time to watch English films and listen to real English songs, it是形式主语，to watch songs是真正的主语。It takes sb. some time to do sth.（某人花一些时间做某事。）是一个常见的句型。take在此处意为“花费”。4.

19、 This is a great way to learn English! 这是学习英语的一个很好的方式！a great / good way to do sth.意为“做某事的一个好方式”，动词不定式作定语。Watching English films is a great way to improve your English.观看英文电影是提高你的英语水平的一个好方式。5. Many people are shy when they speak English, so before you begin, take a deep breath and smile! 很多人说英语时感觉不好

20、意思，所以，在你开始讲英语之前深呼吸一下，笑一笑！（1）此句是一个复合句, so引导的为结果状语从句。在这个句子里还含有when和before引导的时间状语从句。复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。主句是句子的主体，从句不能独立使用，且从句用陈述语序。时间状语从句常用when （当时候），as (当时候）,while(当时候）,before (在之前）, after( 之后）,as soon as (一就）等引导。当主句是一般将来时的时候, 在时间状语从句中，要特别注意用一般现在时代替一般将来时。Ill phone you as soon as I arrive in Beijing.

21、 我一到北京就给你打电话He was tired, so he went to bed. 因为他累了，所以他去睡觉了。（2）breath意为“呼吸”，名词，其动词形式是breathe。 Take a deep breath意为“深呼吸”。 Before he jumped into the water, he took a deep breath.他在跳入水中之前深深地吸了一口气。6. Smiling always helps. 微笑总是很有用的。smiling是动词smile的动名词形式，在句中作主语。动名词作主语时，谓语动词应使用单数形式。Smoking is bad for your h

22、ealth. 吸烟对你的健康有害。7. Li Hao takes a long time to watch films and listen to songs in English.李浩花很长时间看英文电影、听英文歌曲take作“花费”讲时，主语一般不能为“人”，所以此句最好用以下方式表达： It takes Li Hao a long time to watch films and listen to songs in English. Li Hao spends a long time (in) watching films and listening to songs in Englis

23、h8. Do you find it easy to have a conversation in English? 你觉得用英语交谈容易吗？此句中it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为动词不定式短语。当宾语是不定式或动名词时，如果其后跟有宾语补足语，则常常用形式宾语it，而把真正的宾语放到宾语补足语之后。I find it boring to play computer games. 我发现玩电脑游戏很无聊。9. Try to remember all the things youre good at in English，and make a list.尽量记住你在英语方面擅长的事情并列表。be g

24、ood at意为“擅长，在方面做得好”,后面若跟动词，则用v.-ing形式。He is good at dancing. 他擅长跳舞。拓展do well in 与 be good at 同义。Mike is good at English. = Mike does well in English. 迈克擅长英语。第3单元内容详解1. Why does Mary want to invite other students, too?为什么玛丽也想邀请其他的同学？invite用作动词，意为“邀请；招待”，常用结构为invite sb. to do sth. 意为“邀请某人做某事”。They inv

25、ited their parents to watch the movie together. 他们邀请他们的父母一起看这部电影.拓展invitation作名词，意为“邀请”，Did you get an invitation to the party? 你获邀参加那场聚会了吗？2. Why does Charlie think borrowing magazines might be a good idea?为什么査理认为借杂志可能是一个好主窻？borrow意为“借”，指从某人或某地借东西。How many books did they borrow from the library yes

26、terday?昨天，他们从图书馆借了多少本书？辨析：borrow, lend 与 keep词条：borrow 辨析：对主语而言为“借入”，指向别人或从别处借东否，为非延续性动词 搭配：borrow sth. from sb. / somewhere 从某人/某处借某物词条：lend 辨析：对主语而言为“借出”，指把自己的东西借给别人，为非延续性动词 搭配：lend sb. sth; lend sth. to sb. 将某物借给某人词条：keep 辨析：“借，持有”，指借用某物一段时间，为延续性动词 搭配：keep sth. for some time 借用某物一段时间He borrowed a

27、 dictionary from the library.他从图书馆借了一本词典I lent my bike to him yesterday.1 lent him my bike yesterday. 昨天我把自行车借给他了。How long may I keep the book? 这本书我可以借多长时间？用法诀窍“借”有巧法“借”看执行者，“借出”用lend,“借入”是borrow。如果用keep，表示“借多久”。假如看不完，“续借”用renew。3. Its difficult to understand TV programmes in English. 理解英文电视节目是困难的。“

28、It is +adj. +of / for sb. to do sth. ”是一个常用句型，若形容词是描述不定式行为者的性格、品质的，如 kind，good，nice，right，clever, careless，polite, foolish等，用of sb. 若形容词仅仅是描述事物，不是对不定式行为者的品格进行评价，用for sb.，这类形容词有 difficult, easy, hard, important，dangerous, (im) possible, necessary 等。Its very kind of you to help me. 你能帮我真是太好了。Its carel

29、ess of you to leave the keys in the car. 你真粗心，把钥匙落在车上Its important for you to listen to the radio in English. 对你来说收听英语广播很重要。中考链接Is _ easy to _ who picks the fruit and vegetables on your net farm?A. that；find B. it；finding C. that? find out D. it; find out解析：It is + adj. + to do sth. 意为“做某事”，“查明，发现”用

30、find out ,故选D。答案：D4. I left my homework at home. 我把作业忘在家里了。leave的用法：（1）leave vt. 离开；留下；剩下，忘记；保持（某种状态）He often leaves his home in the morning. 他经常在早晨离开家。He left the door open. 他开着门就出去了。Please leave the book on the desk. 请把这本书留在桌子上。I always leave my books in my classroom.我总是把书忘在教室里。（2）leave vi. 离开，出发H

31、e is leaving for Tianjin tomorrow. 他明天要动身去天津。温馨提示leave与forget这两个词都有“忘记”之意，但leave经常和表示地点的介词短语连用；forget通常不与表示地点的介词短语连用。因此，不说：I always forget my books in my classroom. leave还有“留给”的含义。leave后可接两个代词作宾语，如：leave sb. sth.留给某人某物。Last time you left the umbrella at home. Today，you mustnt forget it any more. 上次你把雨伞忘在家里了，今天一定别再忘了带。5 but how can I practise speaking English? 但我怎样练习说英语呢？practise doing sth. 表示“练习做某事”。I often practise playing the guitar.我经常练习弹吉他。practise