经典新GREissue作文提纲原创.docx

1、经典新GREissue作文提纲原创模板：开头：三部分：引述题目，表达正反两方面的观点，陈述自己的观点；引述题目：反问法；正反两方面的观点：用转折词，比如while、but、despite、although等，例如While some people can find beauty in the mosr common places, true beauty is only found in the exceptional.There can be no doubt that some of the worlds most common things are beautiful, yet it i

2、s ofthen the exceptional objects that possess the true beauty.陈述自己的观点：例如：I believe that ，becauseIn my view，this is becauseIt is cleat thatAfter weighing the evidence, it si certain that 三个例子：1、The speaker asserts that. It has some merits in terms of /from a normative standpoint. However, I disagree

3、with the speaker for some reasons, including/ as discussed below.适用于单纯观点，不涉及争论的话题。2、Where/ does it / can we .while/ even though/ there can be no doubt some people I would like to agree with that 3、The speaker asserts/considers that _. While this claim seems plausible in the abstract, it suffers seve

4、ral practical problems/ flaws under/ with a close scrutiny. 主体段：三部分：主题句、例子、例子如何支持主题句主题句：没有固定格式，只要能总结概括该段主旨就行例子：for example ,for instance one example of that is A second instance of is in whichConsider that Like that 例子支持主题句：不断地重复主题关键词，把例子和主题句联系起来。结尾：两部分：明确告知读者文章结束；总结文章的中心思想告知读者结束：in conclusion, ulti

5、mately, As the bulk of the evidence show, The example above all support the idea that 总结中心思想：In conclusion，the example above all support the idea that ETS官网公布的ISSUE新题库 This page contains the Issue topics for the Analytical Writing section of the GRE? revised General Test. When you take the test, you

6、 will be presented with one Issue topic from this pool. Each Issue topic consists of an issue statement or statements followed by specific task instructions that tell you how to respond to the issue. The wording of some topics in the test might vary slightly from what is presented here. Also, becaus

7、e there may be multiple versions of some topics with similar or identical wording but with different task instructions, it is very important to read your test topic and its specific task directions carefully and respond to the wording as it appears in the actual test. 1 As people rely more and more

8、on technology to solve problems, the ability of humans to think for themselves will surely deteriorate. 当人们越来越依赖技术去解决问题，人类独立思考能力却退化。Whether the ability of thingking of human beings will deteriorate in the future if people tend to combat with problems through tecnology? While some people suggest that

9、 peopele become increasingly lazier as a result of the development of techniques, some others hold strongly that we think and deal with dillemas more productively and effectively than before. In my opinion, the development of teconoly relies on human independent thinking ability, and in ture enhance

10、 the ability. As far as I am concerned, .We Human Beings are dependent on technology more than before. Many probles and task require the involvement of techniques, such as mathematics calculating, logic deduction and many dangerous outdoor task, such as mine deducing, electricity conducting and so o

11、n.In sum，tecnology has been developing since it appeared and people increasingly rely on it. However, form an overall point, the capability of thinking is enhancing all the time, thus promoting the former. All in all, these two subjects are complementary and promoting each other. 技术越来越发达，人类对技术的依赖越来越

12、严重，人类很多问题都需要技术的发明和创新来解决，包括繁杂枯燥的数学运算、危险的室外作业、科学计算、文件编辑、信息管理、专家系统、模式识别、定理证明等等；技术不能解决所有问题，比如依赖于人脑的逻辑推理、思考创新等，这些有助于人类思维的锻炼；技术可以使人从繁重枯燥的工作中解放出来，有更多的时间进行逻辑推理（有更多的时间做intellectual work），反而锻炼了人的思维。随着技术的进步，人类思考问题的范围和方式也在发生变化。人类开始思考许多原来没有考虑过的问题，古希腊哲学家说的圆圈的故事（ancient greek philosopher）If we compare the known pa

13、rt of the world to the space within a circle ,the unknown part of the world around the circle grows as the circle of our knowledge expands.tecknology provides people with effective instruments for intellectual work.宇宙探秘，基因遗传突变等。技术不断发展，人类对技术的依赖也越来越严重，但从总体上看，人类思维能力是不断提升的，反之也促进了技术的发展，所以，这两者是相辅相成的、相互促进的

14、；Overall：除了技术外，人类的思考能力还受其他很多因素的影响，比如教育、生长环境、智商等；2 To understand the most important characteristics of a society, one must study its major cities. 要想了解一个社会最重要的特征，人们必须研究这个社会主要的城市。社会主要的城市确实可以体现出很多这个社会的重要特征，因为城市经济发达、信息流通畅通，交通方便，因此汇集了来自各行各界、各地的人们，他们在城市学习、工作、生活，因此城市成为了整个社会特征的最为集中的体现地；发达国家和发展中国家的区别，发达国家城市化

15、水平高，人口大部分集中在城市，城市和农村差距不大，因此说社会的主要特征集中在城市是正确的，但是在发展中国家，社会最重要的特征却并不一定在主要城市中得到体现，比如中国，中国人口有14亿，农村人口8亿，主要城市人口不足2亿，中国社会巨大的贫困差距体现在城市与农村之间而不是城市内部，中国社会各种矛盾最激烈的体现在数不清中小城镇，体现出广袤的农村地区，那么中国的主要城市怎么体现出了中国社会最重要的特征了呢？恐怕不能； 要了解一个社会的重要的特征，除了研究这个社会主要的城市外，还应该研究中小城镇和农村，尤其是在比较贫困、城乡差距悬殊的发展中国家；3 Educational institutions ha

16、ve a responsibility to dissuade students from pursuing fields of study in which they are unlikely to succeed. 教育机构有责任劝阻学生不要从事不太可能成功的科学研究。论点：有保留的反对让步：教育工作者很professional，如果能适当地给予学生建议，可以避开一些研究价值小，难度大的学术领域，帮助学生更便捷地取得成功；Admittedly，有些研究领域确实非常难以取得成功，但是没有任何一个领域是unlikely成功的，要知道，该领域之所以成为研究领域，势必由前人开拓、奠定的，必然有一定

17、的学术价值，如果付出足够的努力，是一定可以取得成功的；强行劝阻学生放弃研究学习领域，可能违背学生的意愿，不能充分发挥学生的积极主动创造性，造成才能的泯灭，降低学习的积极性，不利于培养人才。Overall：给予学生一定的指导和建议是必要的，但是不能强行劝阻每一个学生 from pursuing fields of study in which they are unlikely to succeed4 Scandals are useful because they focus our attention on problems in ways that no speaker or reform

18、er ever could. 丑闻是有裨益的，因为它们让人们注意到一些问题，任何演说家和改革家都无法做到的。scandals确实可以使我们以极快的速度认识一些问题，这些问题是平常我们所注意不到的，比如sars，；scandals很容易误导public，由于mass media发达，scandals 往往被wide spread并且被exaggerated，使得很多人过于关注丑闻而忽略他们的achievement，比如bill clinton；很多时候，丑闻其实是欺骗利用公众的工具，比如电影为了提高上座率，而在电影上映前搞些明星丑闻，政治家为了竞选成功，不择手段编造丑闻辱骂对手。5 Claim:

19、 Governments must ensure that their major cities receive the financial support they need in order to thrive. Reason: It is primarily in cities that a nations cultural traditions are preserved and generated. 结论：政府需要给社会主要城市提供财政支持，来保证其繁荣发展。原因：一个国家的文化传统主要是在城市中得以传承和发展。政府应该给主要城市提供充足的财政支持，因为城市是各种文化的集散地，有助于

20、促进文化的繁荣；但文化并不等同于文化传统，大城市中的文化并不传统，而是杂糅了很多商业元素，以及异国文化元素，因此很不纯正。一个国家的文化传统并非主要在城市中传承，更多的是保存在民间，城市中的文化已经被商业所异化，有更多的商业色彩，而失去了原汁原味的传统文化;大城市税收丰富，还有私人赞助private patronage，因此政府投资的重要性不是很突出，而传统文化丰富的明见则比较贫穷，而且很多文化传统正在流失，因此迫切需要政府的投资。予以保护; 保存和传承传统文化，还需要其他很多措施，比如培养传承人、列入非物质文化遗产保护项目、开采濒临灭绝的民间艺术等;6 A nation should req

21、uire all of its students to study the same national curriculum until they enter college. 在进行大学教育以前，国家应该要求所有的学生学习统一的国家课程。论点：有保留的反对Pro：可以确保学生在学科学习水平上有统一的标准和要求，从而为进行统一的大学教育打下基础；可以确保学生统一学习国家的历史文化；可以提高边远地区、贫困地区教育质量，实现教育公平；Con：谁来决定课程的内容，家长、学校、地方、国家，不同的主题对教育有不同的notion，因此会有不同的想法，如果强行实行国家规定的统一的课程很可能会遭到反对，从而降

22、低课程学习的效果和效率；与此同时，把课程制定责任交给官僚也是不令人信任的Bureaucracy： Its ill-conceived to delegate decisions about education toa few bureaucrats. 统一的课程忽视了地方的实际需求，不利于充分发挥地方教育的优势资源，降低地方投入教育的积极性，从而conterproductive，例：少数民族地区，更应该学习自己的语言和文化；学生的知识水平、智力发育不同，难以设置一个适用于所有人的统一的起点和标准，不能因材施教：Teach students in accordance of their apti

23、tude。Overall：课程的制定应该由多方协商，根据地方、学校和个人的实际需求设置课程，同时开设国家课程和地方课程，国家课程包括国家的历史、文化、宗教、哲学等，地方的课程包括地方传统习俗、生活方式相关的一系列内容。7 Some people believe that government funding of the arts is necessary to ensure that the arts can flourish and be available to all people. Others believe that government funding of the arts

24、threatens the integrity of the arts. 有些人认为政府对艺术的资助是有必要的，资助能够保证艺术繁荣发展，并且让所有人享受艺术。也有人认为政府对艺术的资助会威胁到艺术的完整性。政府对艺术进行投资确实可以扩大艺术的影响范围，让所有人都享受到艺术，比如政府通过自主穷人团体中的艺术发展，让穷人们享受到和富人们一样的艺术，有助于社会的公平；政府资助可以扩大艺术的影响范围，但却不一定带来艺术的繁荣，这是因为：首先，艺术作品时艺术家内心世界的反应，是艺术家有感而发的结果，凝结着艺术家的思想和心血，从这个意义上来说，政府自主与否并不是关键，关键是艺术家有没有创造艺术品的欲望和

25、能力；其次，如果政府资助艺术，艺术家沉溺安逸，不思创造，就很可能危害艺术的发展；再者，政府资助艺术也会损害艺术的独立性，艺术应该独立于政府、权力之外，不受权力的干涉，独立发展，但是如果受到政府资助，是不是意味着艺术的发展应该迎合官僚主义者的兴趣和需求，而置艺术本身和人们的需求于不顾呢？个人和民间社会资金的注入为艺术繁荣发展做了很大的贡献，政府投资艺术并不是必须的，历史上政治混乱、政府无暇顾及艺术发展的时候，恰恰是艺术发展最为繁荣的时候，比如中国的春秋战国时期，比如欧洲启蒙运动时期。The speaker asserts that the government should invest in

26、art in order to make it flourished and be available to ordinary perple. I fundamentally agree wuith the speaker, while still keeping some doubt and uncertainty of this assertion, as disscussed below.Funded by the government, the art can expand its slope of influcence, thus covering increasingly more

27、 perople. which will elevate their possibility of enjoying the art and ensure the justice amng people of different social economic status. For instance, sponsoring the art among the poor groups, the governments effort can make a great difference for these peoples lives, making them more colouring an

28、d exciting, and these people more satisfying and happy. In this way, can the government not only make it possible for everyone to approach art, but also promote the prosperity of art.However, some other perople may argue that, enven though funding by government can expand the influence of art, but n

29、ot necessarily enhance the prosperity of it. To begin with, art is reflection of the eomotion and feeling of artistessentially and fundamentally, There is no way to inspire anything if the artist have nothing to commute or express, even the rich funding from government. Rather, the key of plentiful

30、production is constructed on the basement of artists human affection and emotion. Whats more, undue funding may bring about the contradictory circumstance, such as these artist rely totally on the funding, having no desiring to creat and become increasingly lazier and more and more clumzy. If this i

31、s the case, then the funding function nothing but kill the vitality of art. Last but not least, its well known that art should be independent from the political intervention and keep away from any kinds of corruption.Nonetheless, if the governement sponsor the art, should it still keep independence

32、or succumbing to the political power or bureaucracy and leave the desire and requirment of common people behind?This question is hard to answer enven for the most succesful artist or the most noble maetros. Therefore, the only way to avoid this dillemma basically is to put the end to accept the funding from government or any bureacracies.Apoart from the government funding, social and pricvate sponsorship also make sense and have contributed to t