英语专业八级人文知识1.docx

1、英语专业八级人文知识1英语专业八级人文知识英国概况1. The two areas in Britain where a lot of immigrants live are _. A. London and Cambridge B. London and heart of EnglandC. Manchester and Birmingham D. Edinburgh and Nottingham2. The flag of the United Kingdom, known as the Union Jack, is made up of _ crosses. A. one B. two

2、C. three D. four3. Which flower is symbol of England?A. Thistle B. Shamrock C. Daffodil D. Rose4. _ was the home of the Lake Poets William Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor, Coleridge and Robert Southey of 19th century Britain. A. Lough Neagh B. Windermere C. Lake District D. Coniston Water5. The first know

3、n settlers of Britain were the _. A. Iberians B. Beaker Folk C. Celts D. Anglo-Saxons6. Who invaded and conquered Britain for the first time in 55 BC?A. Emperor Claudius B. King Alfred C. King Ethelred D. Julius Caesar7. Which one is not the reason for the very limited influence of Roman to Britain?

4、A. The Romans always treated the Britons as a subject people of slave class. B. The Romans and Britons never intermarry during the 4 centuriesC. The Romans didnt like the Britons. D. The Romans had no impact on the language or culture of ordinary Britons. 8. The Hundred Years war with France ended b

5、y the English being driven out of France. By 1453 _ was the only part of France that was still in the hands of the English. A. Dover B. Calais C. Southampton D. Portsmouth9. Which war had little effect on ordinary people but gave a death blow to feudalism?A. The Wars of the Roses B. The Hundred Year

6、s WarC. The English Civil War D. World War I10. The English Civil War, also called the Puritan Revolution, is generally regarded as the beginning of modern _ history. A. European B. Scottish C. Welsh D. world练习题答案及题解:1. B, 英国移民主要集中在伦敦及英格兰心脏地带的一些城市和城镇如Slough, Leicester, Wolverhampton, Birmingham, Lut

7、on, Bradford, Coventry, Bedford2. C, 英国国旗为红白蓝三色的米字旗（也叫“Union Jack”），是由三个十字组成。3. D, A蓟是苏格兰的象征用作苏格兰的国徽；B三叶苜蓿花为爱尔兰的国花；C黄水仙花是威尔士的国花；D玫瑰则是英格兰的国花。4. C, 位于英格兰西北部和威尔士北部的湖区是英国著名的风景区之一，也是英国十九世纪湖畔诗人聚居的地方。5. A, 最早来英国定居的是伊比利亚人。大约在公元前3000年左右，也就是新石器时代，他们从伊比利亚半岛（即今天的西班牙）来到英国。6. D, 英国的历史是从罗马人的入侵开始的。恺撒，这位伟大的罗马将军，在公元前

8、55年第一次带兵入侵并征服了英国。7. C, 尽管罗马人征服了英国，但是罗马文化对英国的影响十分有限。这主要是因为：罗马人一直把英国人看作是社会地位相当于奴隶的被降伏的民族；在长达四个世纪的时间里从来没有罗马人跟英国人通婚；罗马人对英国平民阶层的语言和文化没有任何影响。8. B, 英法之间的百年战争以英国人被赶出法国而告终。到1453年战争结束时，只有法国北部的加莱港还在英国人手里。9. A, 尽管玫瑰战争持续了30年，但对老百姓的生活几乎没什么影响，反倒使英国的封建主义受到致命打击，贵族阶层受到了削弱。10. D, 英国内战也叫“清教徒革命”，这是因为反对国王的人大部分是那些清教徒。英国内战

9、不仅推翻了英国的封建制度，也动摇了欧洲封建统治的基础。所以，从这个角度讲，英国内战通常被看作现代世界史的开端。英国概况1. _ is the home of golf. A. England B. Scotland C. Wales D. Ireland2. Which of the following languages is NOT spoken in Scotland?A. English B. Scottish C. Gaelic D. Denish3. The election of _ made Margaret Thatcher to power and she became t

10、he first woman prime minister. A. 1979 B. 1980 C. 1982 D. 19924. To its full sense, the British Parliament consist of _A. the House Lord and the House of CommonsB. the House and the SenateC. the Queen and the Hosue of LordsD. the Sovereign, the House of Lords and the House of Commons5. The Tower of

11、London, a historical sight, located in the center of London, was built by _A. King Harold B. Robin Hood C.Oliver Cromwell D.William the Conqueror6. There are _ state churches in Britain. A. two B. three C. four D. five7. When Oliver Cromwell died in 1658, and was succeeded by his son_, the regime be

12、gan immediately to collapse. A. Henry B. Hamilton C. Richard D. Charles8. _ birthday is a great event in Britain since it marks the beginning of full manhood or womanhood. A. The twenty-first B. The eighteenth C. The nineteenth D. The twentieth9. Reuters was founded in _A. 1715 B. 1751 C. 1851 D. 18

13、1510. What is (are) the nickname(s) of the U. S. A.?A. Uncle Sam B. Brother Jonathan C. Yankee D. All of the above答案及解析:1. B. 高尔夫是一项古老的贵族的运动，源于十五世纪或更早以前的苏格兰2. D. Gaelic是高地苏格兰人的传统语言；更多人使用的语言是英语。一直到15世纪末，盎格鲁人仍然以他们的语言称苏格兰盖尔语为苏格兰语（盎格鲁语：Scottish）3. A. Margaret Thatcher 在1979年成为英国首相，为英国史上第一个女首相。4. D. 具体的说

14、，英国的议会是由元首，上议院和下议院组成。其中，元首没有实权，上议院由大法官（Lord Chancellor）掌权，是由神职议员（the Lord Spiritual）和世俗议员（the Lord Temporal）组成。下议院的成员是通过选举产生的651名议员,以首相为首。5. D. 伦敦塔名为“塔”，实际上是公元11世纪处于罗马统治时期的一座城堡式建筑。6. A英国有两大国教： 在英格兰是英格兰教（Church of England）或者英国圣公会，在苏格莎白的头衔全称为“托上帝宏恩，大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合国和她的其他领土和领地的女王、英联邦元首、基督教的保护者伊丽莎白二世”。可见，英/女

15、王是基督教的保护者。 7. C. Oliver Cromwell的儿子在父亲过世后继承王权，但是不久后掌控的政体瓦解。1660年，议会扶植流浪法国的前国王儿子Charle二世当国王。8. A. 在英国,21岁生日是个大生日,因为他们认为21岁是大人开始的年龄。9. C. 路透社是世界四大通讯社之一，也是英国创办最早的通讯社。1850年由保罗朱利叶斯路透 （paul julius reuter）在德国亚琛创办，1851年迁址到伦敦。创办人路透原为德国人，后加入英国籍。1865年，路透把他的私人通讯社扩展成为一家大公司。10. D. “山姆大叔”（Uncle Sam），“乔纳森大哥”和“扬基老”都

16、是美国和美国人的绰号。英国概况 1. Britain was the first country to industrialize because of the following factors except _. A. Britain was well placed geographically to participate in European and world trade. B. Britain had many rivers, which were useful for transport. C. British engineers had sound training and

17、the inventors were respected. D. British government was increasingly interested in overseas and colonies after the 17th century. 2. The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy. The _ has very little power. A. queen B. monarch C. prime minister D. king3. Which party has always had strong links wi

18、th the trade unions and received financial support from them?A. the Labor Party B. the Conservative Party C. the Liberal Party D. the Social Democratic Party4. On accepting _, the age of constitutional monarchy, of a monarchy with powers limited by Parliament, began.A. Constitutional Law B. The Decl

19、aration of IndependenceC. Civil Law D. Bill of Rights5. Females were allowed to vote in national elections until _. A. 1918 B. 1916 C. 1920 D. 18966. The British North America Act of 1867 established _ as a domain.A. Australia B. Canada C. New Zealand D. India7. During World War II, as a war leader,

20、 _ received massive popular support and led his country to final victory in 1945.A. Harold Wilson B. Edward HeathC. Franklin Roosevelt D. Winston Churchill8. The Falkland Islands war was between Britain and _. A. France B. New Zealand C. Argentina D. Australia9. In Britain, a _ is held when member o

21、f Parliament dies, retires or resigns.A. civic election B. by-election C. popular election D. general election10. In the United Kingdom, ministers are appointed by the Queen on the recommendation of _. A. the Lord Chancellor B. the Monarch C. the Prime Minister D. the King练习题答案及题解:1. D, 英国之所以能成为世界上最

22、早开始工业化的国家,原因有很多。但英国是从17世纪以后逐步开始对海外贸易和开拓海外殖民地产生浓厚兴趣的。2. B, 英国是君主立宪制国家，国王或女王（君主）几乎没什么实质性的权力。3. A, 保守党和自由党是英国最早成立的两个党派。大致来说，保守党是中上层阶级的党，它得到大公司财政上的支持；而工党，主要得到工会的支持，它的支持者主要是中产阶级和知识分子。4. D, 权利法案的签署标志着英国进入了君主立宪制时代5. A, 直到1918年妇女才在全国大选中享有选举权。6. B, 1867年英国北美法案将加拿大纳为它的自治领土。7. D, 在第二次世界大战中，当时的英国首相丘吉尔作为战争统帅受到了英

23、国人民的广泛拥戴，并带领英国人民赢得了战争的最后胜利。8. C, 福克兰群岛战役是发生在英国和阿根廷着这两个国家之间。位于大西洋南部的福克兰群岛从1892年起就是英国的海外殖民地，1982年阿根廷开始控制这些岛屿，但是英国最终打败了阿根廷，并重新占领了这些岛屿。9. B, 英国的下院议会成员中有人去世、退休或辞职时，就要进行补缺选举。10. C, 在英国，部长们是由首相推荐，女王加以任命的。英国概况 1. How many members are there in the House of Commons? A. 650 B. 524 C. 72 D. 6512. Which of the f

24、ollowing people didnt use to be the British Prime Minister? A. Margaret Thatcher B. Winston Churchill C. Horatio Nelson D. John Major 3. By tradition, the leader of the majority party is appointed _ by the Sovereign in the United Kingdom. A. Prime Minister B. Member of Parliament C. Lord of appeal D

25、. Speaker of the House 4. The Tories were the forerunners of _, which still bears this nickname today. A. the Labor Party B. the Conservative Party C. the Liberal Party D. the Social Democratic Party 5. In the United Kingdom, the party which wins the _ number of seats in the House of Commons becomes

26、 the official Opposition.A. largest B. second largest C. third largest D. fourth largest 6. The term “British disease” is now often used to characterize Britains _ decline. A. political B. educational C. military D. economic 7. The 1980s was remembered as the decade of _. A. globalization B. nationa

27、lization C. privatization D. competition 8. Today, in Britain, _ is called a “sick” industry. A. coal mining B. iron and steel C. textiles D. shipbuilding 9. The first steam engine was devised by Thomas Newcomer at the end of the 17th century, and the Scottish inventor _ modified and improved the de

28、sign in 1765.A. Abraham Darby B. James Watt C. John Kay D. Richard Arkwrightthe 10. _ created the industrial working class, the proletariat, and it later led to trade unionism.A. The Chartist Movement B. The Industrial RevolutionC. The French Revolution D. The Glorious Revolution练习题答案及题解: 1. D, 下议院共

29、有651名议员。 2. C, 撒切尔夫人，丘吉尔和梅杰都曾经做过英国首相；而纳尔逊（1758-1805），英国海军统帅，因作战负伤，右眼失明，失去右臂。后任地中海舰队司令，在特法尔加角海战中大败西班牙联合舰队，本人受重伤阵亡，号称 Viscount Nelson。 3. A, 在英国，按照传统，多数党的领导人由君主任命为首相，首相从本党内部挑选一些领导人担任各部部长职位。 4. B, 托利党是英国保守党的前身。 5. B, 在英国，在下议院中赢得第二席位的政党为反对党6. D, 现在“英国病”这一术语经常用来指英国经济上的衰退。 7. C, 正如20世纪40年代被看作是国有化的时代一样，20世

30、纪80年代被看作是私有化的时代包括英国石油、航空、钢铁、电讯在内几乎40%的国有公司实现了私有化。 8. A, 英国煤矿业被称为生病工业。英国的煤产量在一战前达到顶点，如今的英国的煤矿业衰退，从而导致矿工的数量、煤矿的总产量大大下降。 9. B, 第一台蒸汽机是 Thomas Newcomer 在17世纪末设计的，后来苏格兰发明家瓦特在1765年对原有的设计进行了改进提高，生产出了第一台高效的蒸汽机并应用到纺织和其他机械业中。 10. B, 工业革命产生了工人阶级，即无产阶级。后来形成了工会制度。英国概况 1. _ is the key to Industrial Revolution.A.

31、Iron B. Cotton Textile C. Coal mining D. Steam engine 2. _ became a literary current during the period of the successful Industrial Revolution.A. Criticism B. Modernism C. Romanticism D. Renaissance3. Modern football game began in _.A. China B. France C. England D. Germany 4. _ is the leader of the British government.A. Prime Minister B. Queen C. President D. Governor5. The second largest city in England, _, is a metropolitan district and an industrial and manufacturing city. A. Edinburgh B. Belfast C. Gl