六年级下册英语讲义小升初语法复习 情态动词 6含答案全国通用.docx

1、六年级下册英语讲义小升初语法复习 情态动词 6含答案全国通用学科辅导讲义学员姓名： 年 级：六年级 辅导科目：英语 学科教师：授课日期授课时段授课主题情态动词教学内容课前回顾1. 上节课作业批改并讲解2. 错题摘抄3. 复习上节课讲义内容知识梳理1. 情态动词：mustmustnt must / mustnt 必须不允许，表示义务和禁止，后面需跟动词原形，例如： We must keep quiet in the library. 在图书馆我们必须保持安静。 We mustnt chase each other in the classroom. 我们不可以在教室里追逐。 当表示禁止或要求不做

2、某事时我们还可以用Dont十动词原形，例如： We mustnt smoke in public. = Dont smoke in public. 不准在公共场所吸烟。 疑问句的构成为情态动词must提到主语前面，例如： -Must I finish the homework now? 我必须现在完成作业吗？ -Yes, you must. No, you neednt. 是的。你必须完成。不，你不需要。 must的用法：(1)表示“义务”，“必须”，例如： You must talk to them about their study. 你必须同他们谈谈关于他们学习的事。 友情提示 回答以m

3、ust开头的疑问句有如下表达法： -Must I clean the dining room at once? 你必须马上打扫餐厅吗？ -Yes, you must. 是的，你必须这么做。 -No, you neednt. 不，你没必要做。 -No, you dont have to. 不，你没必要做。 友情提示must和have to的区别: must表示说话人的主观思想，have to表示客观需要。例如： You must do it now. 你必须现在就干。（说话人认为必须现在干） I have to go now. 我得走了。（客观条件必须现在走）(2)在否定结构中表不许、禁止。例如

4、： You mustnt leave here. 你不能离开这儿。(3)表坚定的建议。例如： You must come and see us as soon as you get to Shanghai. 一到上海你就得马上来见我们。(4)表推测，暗含有很大的可能性。例如： He must be ill. He looks so pale. 他肯定是病了。他的脸色那么苍白。 友情提示must和may的区别: may暗含的可能性较小，must暗含的可能性较大。例如： My father may be in the company. 我爸爸可能在公司。 My father must be in

5、the company. 我爸爸一定是在公司。2. 情态动词：can（1）情态动词can常用来表示人或事物的能力，译作“能”或“会”。can的过去式为could; 如：I can play basketball, but I cant/cannot play the piano.我会打篮球，但不会弹钢琴。 Can you speak Chinese?你会讲中文吗？（2）情态动词can也常用来表示“允许”。could和may也可以表示许可，但语气更加客气一些。 如：May/Could/Can I come in?我能进来吗？ You cant play football here. 你（们）不能

6、在这儿踢足球。（3）情态动词can也可以表示可能性，多用于疑问句中。用否定形式cant表示可能性时，表示对某事很有把握。 如:Can it be true?这是真的吗？ Jim just called me from New York. He cant be in Paris right now.吉姆刚从纽约给我打来电话。他现在不可能在巴黎。难点突破be able to与can的比较1. be able to也表示能力，含义相当于can，且意思接近，一般情况下可通用。 He can ride a bicycle. 他能骑自行车。 如：He is able to ride a bicycle.

7、2. 若比较二者区别，can一般指人或事物天生具有的能力，而be able to则指通过后天的学习和练习获得的能力。 如：He couldnt swim before，but now he is able to swim a little.他原来不会游泳，不过现在会一点了。3. be able to不能表示对可能性的推测。另外，be able to与can相比，有更多的时态形式。3. shall的用法 shall用于第一人称，表示征求对方的意愿。例如： What shall we do this evening? 今天晚上我们做什么？shall用于第一人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或向

8、对方请示。 Shall we go to school? 我们可以去上学吗？shall用于第二、第三人称，表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁。例如： All of the students shall get to school before 8 o clock.所有的学生必须在八点之前到达学校。（命令） 友情提示 含有shall的一般疑问句，表示询问对方的意图或愿望。提问Shall I？问句时不能使用答语：Yes, I shall.或者：No，I shall not.可以回答为：Yes, please.（好的，请。）；No，thanks.(不，谢谢。); OK, lets.（好的，让我们

9、）例如： -Shall we have a picnic in Century Park? 我们去世纪公园野餐，好吗？ -OK，lets go. 是的，让我们一起去吧。4.may的用法 表示许可或征求对方的许可，有“可以”的意思。例如： You may take the book home. 你可以把书带回家去。 May I come in, Mrs Li? 李老师，我可以进来吗？ 友情提示 回答以may开头的疑问句有如下表达法： -May I smoke here? 我可以在这儿抽烟吗？-Yes, you may. 是的，你可以。 -Yes, please. 是的，请。 -No, you c

10、ant. 不，你不能。 -No, you mustnt. 不，你一定不要。 -No, youd better not. 不，你最好不要。 表示猜测，通常只用于陈述句。例如： You may be right. 你可能是对的。 The rain may stop this afternoon. 雨也许今天下午会停。 友情提示 在口语中can可以代替may表示许可，但can较随便，may更正式。例如： Can I use your bike, John? 约翰，我可以用一下你的自行车吗？ May I have a look at your license, sir? 先生，我可以看一下你的执照吗？

11、5. would的用法 表示请求、建议等，would比will委婉客气。例如： Would you pass me the book? 请你把书递给我好吗？ Would you give me a hand? 你可以帮助我吗？ 表示意志、愿望和决心。例如： They asked if we would do that again. 他们问是否我们愿意再做一次。 I would go there if I have enough time. 如果找有足够的时间我将去那里。6. have to的用法have to属于情态动词，意为“必须；不得不”。但在用法上与情态动词有所不同，它会随着人称与数及时

12、态的变化而变化。它的第三人称单数用has to，过去式是had to。have to的疑问及否定形式通常借助于助动词do/does/did构成。e. g. She isnt very well these days and has to stay at home. 她这几天身体不太好，不得不待在家里。We have to go and help him.我们得去帮帮他。You dont have to tell me this.你不必告诉我这件事。Do you have to do everything? 什么事都得你做吗？She had to attend the meeting yeste

13、rday.她昨天不得不去参加那个会议。【指点迷津】have to，must的区别(1)两者都可以表示“必须”，后面都接动词原形，但have to表示在有外来压力的情况下不得不做某事，而must表示说话人的主观看法。e. g. Its late. I have to go.天色不早了，我得走了。You must be careful! 你必须小心！(2)have to可用于多种时态，而must则不可以。e. g. She had to look after her sick mother yesterday. 昨天她不得不照顾她生病的妈妈。 I will have to finish the w

14、ork tomorrow.我明天必须完成这项工作。(3)否定形式dont/doesnt have to表示“不必”，而mustnt则表示“不应该；禁止”。e. g. You dont have to wait for me.你不必等我。We mustnt cut in line.我们不应该插队。7.情态动词 should表示义务，意为“应该；应当；最好”，比must委婉e. g. You should apologize to him.你应该向他道歉。 You should not eat so greedily.你不应该如此贪吃。My teacher said (that)I should

15、study harder.老师说我应该更加用功地读书。与疑问词连用，表示意外、纳闷、惊讶等，意为“究竟是；到底是”e. g. Why should you think that way? 你到底为什么会那么想呢？How should I know? 我怎么会知道？8.情态动词：need1. need是一个特殊的情态动词，意为“需要”。它不仅能作为情态动词使用，还能充当一个实义动词。 如：Need I do my homework now?我必须现在做家庭作业吗？ What do you need?你需要什么？2. need用作行为动词时，用法与其它行为动词相同。 如：You dont need

16、 to finish it right now.你不用现在就完成它。 We need to have a break.我们需要休息。 Do they need to know this?他们需要知道吗？3. need作为情态动词时，其过去式为need。但need作为实义动词时，其过去式为needed. 如：Im sorry I need answer a phone callSo I couldnt talk with you yesterday.抱歉我昨天要听电话，没能跟你好好谈谈。 You didnt need to send me my book by yourself. 你不必亲自把我

17、的书送来的。难点突破请注意Need ？疑问句的回答方法。Need ？表示某人或某物是否需要做什么。现分肯定回答和否定回答两种情况说明。如：Need I recite the text before going home?我需要在回家之前背出课文来吗？1. 肯定回答：Yes，you must.是的，你必须背出来才能走。 如果语气稍微客气些，也可以说：Yes，Im afraid you have to.是的，恐怕你是得背出来（才能走）了。2. 否定回答：No，you neednt.或No，you dont have to.不，不必（不需要）。练习题单项选择1. When_heleavethehos

18、pital?Iasked thedoctor.A.Will B.Shall C.can D.may2._youbehappy!A.May B.Can C.Must D.Would3.Mustwecometomorrow? _A.No,youcant B.No,youneedntC.No,youmustnt D.No,youmaynot4. We _ pick flowers or swim in the lake in the Nature Park.A. must not B. must noC. must dont D. must not to5. Must we hand in our

19、exercise today?No, you_.A. mustnt B. neednt C. couldnt D. cant6. Tom and Jerry,_ talk noisily here; your father is sleeping.A. mustnt B. not to C. dont D. do not7. We_ any vegetables or chips because we have a lot in the basket.A. neednt to buy B. dont need to buyC. not need to buy D. need not buyin

20、g8. Where there is a typhoon, a strong wind blow away pots outside our flats.A. should B. may C. must D.need9. _ we go to school on Sunday? No, you _. A. Must, mustnt B. Need, Neednt C. Must, neednt D. Need, mustnt 10. - May I read this book after class? - _. A. Yes, you must B. No, you neednt C. Su

21、re D. You may11. - Must I finish my homework now? - No, _. Its still early. A. I neednt B. you mustnt C. you neednt D. I mustnt12. We _ some fat to cook the dish. A. neednt to B. need C. dont need have D. need have13. We drink a lot of water every day. A. mustnt B. may C. should D. cant14. May I hav

22、e a look at your photos? . A. Yes, you must. B. No, you neednt. C. Sure. D. You may.15. You _ walk on the grass. Its our rule. A. dont B. mustnt C. must D. shouldBBDAB CBBCC CBCCBRewrite the following sentences. 1. I can feel some things with my hands. (否定句)I some things with my hands.2. We can tast

23、e the drinks. (一般疑问句) you the drinks.3. That boy can play the piano. (对划线部分提问) can that boy_? 4. Super girl can hear a noise now. (否定句) Super girl a noise now.5. The child can play on the grass. (对划线部分提问) the child can play?6. and, at, watch, girls, the, TV, boys, home, can (连词成句) _7. Lets make a cl

24、ass rule poster for our class.（改变句子结构，不改句子意思） _ _ make a class rule poster for our class?8. Dont walk on the grass.（保持句意不变） _ _ walk on the grass.9. He would like to be a teacher in the future.（保持句意不变）He _ _ be a teacher in the future.10. He need 100 yuan to buy the food. (改为一般疑问句) _ he_ 100 yuan to

25、 buy the food? Keys: 1. cant feel 2. Can taste 3. What do? 4. cant hear 5 Where can 6. The boys and girls can watch TV at home. 7.Shall we 8.We mustnt9.wants to 10.Does need归纳总结1. 情态动词用法归纳课后复习一、错题整理整理5错题二、课后作业选择最佳答案( ) (1) Can I your telephone?A. to use B. using C. use( ) (2) We finish the work in t

26、ime. We need more time.A. can B. may C. cant( ) (3) The train is leaving in 5 minutes. We hurry up.A. can B. must C. mustnt( ) (4) Must we do exercises on the playground?Yes, you .A. must B. mustnt C. neednt( ) (5) Must they write the composition in English?No, they .A. mustnt B. need C. neednt( ) (

27、6) You do it by yourself. Nobody else help you.A. need. . .may B. must. . .can C. cant. . . need( ) (7) Henrys father is a doctor. He be a fireman.A. must B. can C. cant( ) (8) Can a crocodile ?A. swims B. swim C. swimming( ) (9) We _ eat or drink in the classroom. That is the class rule. A. must B.

28、 mustnt C. can D. cant( ) (10) A: Must I clean the room now? B: No, _. A) you mustnt B) you cant C) you must D) you neednt( ) (11) _ we go to school on Sunday? No, you _. A. Must, mustnt B. Need, Neednt C. Must, neednt D. Need, mustnt ( ) (12) We _ to buy apples and strawberries, where shall we go?

29、A. need B. needs C. needed D. shall needCCBAC BCBBD CA 按要求写句子(1)I must read English every morning. (改成否定句)I _ _ read English every morning.(2) Wendys aunt can play the piano very well. (对划线部分提问)_Wendys aunt can _ very well.(3) Can you lend me some English books? (保持原句意思) May I _ a few English books _ you?(4) You mustnt smoke here. （保持原句意思） _ _ here.(5) Dont leave rubbish on the floor. （意思相同） We _ _ leave rubbish on the floor.(must not)(6) Lets spread some jam on the bread. （改变句子结构，不改句子意思） Spread some jam on the bread?