现在完成时+过去完成时以及习题.docx

1、现在完成时+过去完成时以及习题现在完成时+过去完成时以及习题现在完成进行时 1 定义:现在完成进行时表示动作从过去某一时间开始，一直延续到现在，可能还要继续下去。 2 现在完成进行时的构成:现在完成进行时是由“have/has+been+动词的现在分词”构成 3 现在完成进行时的基本句型 肯定式 I/We have been working. 疑问式 Have you been working, 简略回答 Yes，I/we have. No，I/we havent. 肯定式 He/She/It has been working. 疑问式 Has he/she/it been working,

2、简略回答 Yes，he/she/it has. No，he/she/it hasnt. 4 现在完成时的用法 1)在强调指出动作还未结束，还要继续下去。如:Ive been reading this book for two hours，but I havent finished it. 这本书我已读了两个小时了，但我还没读完。 Ive read this book.我已读完这本书了。 2)强调动作延续时间的长久或带感情色彩。 She has always been working like that.她一贯是这样工作的。 3)现在完成进行时也可表示现在以前这段时间反复发生的事情。 Weve

3、been seeing quite a lot of each other recently.最近我们经常见面。 5 现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别 1)现在完成进行时更强调动作的延续性,它是现在完成时的强调形式。试比较: Weve been living here for ten years. Weve lived here for ten years.我们在这儿已经住了十年了。 2)在不用时间状语的情况下，现在完成进行时表示动作仍在进行。而现在完成时则表示动作在过去已结束。如: The students have been preparing for the exam.(还在进行)学生们

4、一直在准备考试。 1 The students have prepared for the exam.(已经结束)学生们为考试作了准备。 3)有些表示状态，感情，感觉的动词如:have，exist，like，hate，hear，know，sound等动词不能用于现在完成进行时，但可用于现在完成时。如: Theyve known each other since 1970.自从1970年起他们就相互认识了。 一、过去完成时的概念与结构特点 概念:过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，即“过去的过去( past-in-the-past )”。 -|- |-|- 现在 那时以

5、前 那时构成:过去完成时由“助动词 had + 过去分词”构成，其中 had 通用于各种人称。 They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel. She had finished writing the composition by 10 :00 this morning. 二、过去完成时的判断依据 1. 由时间状语来判定 一般说来，各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有: ( 1 ) by + 过去的时间点。如: I had finished reading the novel by nine

6、oclock last night. ( 2 ) by the end of + 过去的时间点。如: We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term. 到快结束/末尾的时候 ( 3 ) before + 过去的时间点。如: They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday. 2. 由“过去的过去”来判定。 ( 1 )宾语从句中 当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成时。在 told, said, kn

7、ew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。如: She said that she had seen the film before. ( 2 )状语从句中 在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中，主、从句的动作发生有先后关系，动作在前的，要用过去完成时，动作在后的要用一般过去时。如: When I got to the station, the train had already left. After he had finished his homework, he went to bed. 注意: before, after 引导的时间状语从句中，由于 before 和 af

8、ter 本身已表达了动作的先后关系，若主、从句表示的动作紧密相连，则主、从句都用一般过去时。如: Where did you study before you came here? After he closed the door, he left the classroom. 过去完成时需要与一个表示过去的时间状语连用，它不能离开过去时间而独立存在。此时多与 already ， yet ， still ， just ， before ， never 等时间副词及 by ， before ， until 等引导的短语或从句连用。如: Before she came to China, Grac

9、e had taught English in a middle school for about five years. Peter had collected more than 300 Chinese stamps by the time he was ten. 2 4. 过去完成时表示某一动作或状态在过去某时之前已经开始，一直延续到这一过去时间，而且动作尚未结束，仍然有继续下去的可能。如: By the end of last year, he had worked in the factory for twenty years. ( had worked 已有了 20 年，还有继续进

10、行下去的可能) 四、过去完成时与现在完成时的区别 现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去，但侧重对现在产生的结果或造成的影响，与现在有关，其结构为“助动词 have (has) + 过去分词”;过去完成时则是一个相对的时态，它所表示的动作不仅发生在过去，更强调“过去的过去”，只有和过去某时或某动作相比较时，才用到它。试比较: I have learned 1000 English words so far. 到目前为止我已经学会了 1000 个英语单词。 I had learned 1000 English words till then. 到那时为止我已经学会了 1000 个英语单词。 Im sor

11、ry to keep you waiting. 对不起，让你久等了。 Oh, not at all. I have been here only a few minutes. 没什么，我只等了几分钟。(“等”的动作从过去某一时间点持续到现在) John returned home yesterday. 约翰昨天回到家的。 Where had he been? He entered the room, turned on the light and read an evening paper. 1. A policeman saw two thieves _a girls mobile phon

12、e on the bus and he caught them at once. A. to steal B. stealing C. stole D. stolen 2. The Chinese pingpong players will join in the match.Lets _them success. A. wish B.to wish C.hope D.to hope 3. He is so careless that he always _his school things at home.A. forgets B.forgot C.leaves D.left 4. -Who

13、 _the computer? I want to use it.-Timmy. He _ it for a week. A. borrowed, has borrowed B.has borrowed, bought C.has borrowed, has kept D.bought, has borrowed 5. Look! One of the girls _the door.A. cleans B.is cleaning C.clean D.are cleaning 6. If you dont feel well, you may just _. A.stopped reading

14、 B.stop reading C.stopped to read D.stop to read 7. -Where can we get a baseball?-Lets _. A. lend Jim one B.lend one to JimC.borrow one from Jim D.borrow one of Jim 8. -My model ship doesnt work. -Dont worry. Ill have it _this afternoon. A. repairing B.made C.repaired D.mend 9. You _wash your hands

15、before meals.A. need B.must C.can D.may 10. Will you _the light? Its dark in the room.A. get on B.get off C.trun on D.turn off 11. My name is Zhang Mingjian. You may _me Zhang Mingjian or Mr Zhang. A. ask B.say C.tell D.call 12. There is going to _a game in our school this afternoon.A. has B.have C.

16、be D.are 13. Youd better_smoking. Its bad for your health.A. eat up B.give up C.come up D.get up 14. -How do you like this book? -I think it has nothing to_with our study. A. make B.do C.take D.hold 15. -Where is Mr Brown? I have some questions to ask him.-He _the office. A. has been to B.has been i

17、n C.has gone to D.has gone in 16.The bus kept the people _for twenty minutes.A. wait B.to wait C.waiting D.waits 17.I believe the scientists will_a better way to heal the disease. 3 A. get on with B.come up with C.go on with D.catch up with 18.-Why do you often _this pink blouse?-Because it fits me

18、well. A. put on B.wear C.buy D.try on 19. Jack always runs faster than Peter, but this time he _him. A. went over B.fell behind C.put off D.dropped off 20. The Internet_it easy to get much new information in a short time.A. finds B.makes C.feels D.takes 1. We _out by that time that he_ a thief for a

19、 longtime. A. had found, had been B. had found, wasC. found, had been D. found, was 2. It so happened that they_the novel before. A. had read B. would read C. were reading D. read 3. She_ for nearly two hours.A. kept talking B. kept to talk C. has kept talking D. kept to talking 4. Spring_ after win

20、ter.A. comes B. came C. has come D. had come 5.-I hear some noise in the next room.-Oh, yes. Your sister_ there. A. cries B. is crying C. cried D. was crying 6. All the students_ to plant trees and theres nobody in the classroom. A. go B. will go C. have gone D. wound go 7. Stop! A little boy_ the s

21、treet.A. is crossing B. crosses C. crossed D. has crossed 8. The girl_ to milk since last winter.A. learns B. learned C. has learned D. would learn 9. What_ to you this morning?A. happens B. is happened C. happened D. was happened 10. -The old man looks healthy.-Yes. He_ some running after he gets u

22、p. A. does B. did C. has done D. will do 11. She didnt pass the exams because she_ her lessons well. A. wasnt prepared B. wasnt been preparedC. hadnt prepared D. was preparing 12. This story_ in a faraway village in Europe many years ago. A. is happened B. was happened C. happened D. has been happen

23、ed 13. -Mr King came back to our village.-Really? For what?-The old man_ the noise in the city. A. is hating B. hates C. was hating D. has hated 14. His father _ for a week.A. died B. will die C. has been died D. has been dead 15. My mother is ill. I _stay at home and look after her.A. has to B. mus

24、t C. would D. have to 16.-Do you know the Frenchman?-Yes. I _him for two years. A. know B. have known C. knew D. have been known 17. They_all their money, so they have to walk home.A. spend B. had spent C. have spent D. will spend 18. Great changes_ in the city, and a lot of factories_. A.have been

25、taken place, have been set up B.have taken place, have been set up C.have taken place, have set upD.were taken place, were set up 19. -When did Kates grandma die?-While the doctors_ on her. A. are operating B. were operating C. operate D. operated 20. -Who are you looking for?-Mr White.-Wait here fo

26、r a while. The class meeting_ over in half an hour.A. is B. will be C. was D. has been 21. If shes not at home, you _try telephoning her at the office.A. will B. could C. would D. need 22. All the new words _ up in the dictionary yet. A. have looked B. havent looked C. have been looked D. havent bee

27、n looked 23.I dont want to speak to her, but I _.A. do B. have to C. have to speak D. must to 24. Hurry up, or you _ the train.A. miss B. lose C. will miss D. will lose 4 25.The new library _ next week.A. will build B . will be built C. would build D. would be built 26.-Wheres Mabel?-She _ ping pong

28、 behind the teaching building. A. is playing B. was playing C. played D. had played 27. Quite a few tall buildings _the last two years.A. have been put up B. were put up C. had put up 28. Man-made-satellites_ into space by many countries. A. was sent up B. is sent up C. have been sent up D. has been

29、 sent up 29. I _all the words on the black board. May I go home now?B. copy B. will coup C. copied D. have copied 练习: 1.Mr Li swimming for 3 hours, and his son an hour ago. A.has been, started B.have started, has started C.started, started D. Has started, has started 2.-How long you stamps? -Since t

30、wo years ago. A.have, collect B.have, been collecting C.did, collect D.are, collecting 3.She had a headache because she too long. She ought to shop. A.has been reading B.had read C.is reading D.read 4.The boy TV all the morning. A.has watched B.had watched C.has been watching D.watched 5.- have you been learning to swim? -Half a year. A.How long B. How often C.How far D.When 6.Our teacher has been teaching in this school for . A.two year and a half B.two and a half year C.two years and half D.two and a half years 7.He it for two hours, and hes still watching now. A