英语数词用法总结.docx

1、英语数词用法总结英语数词用法总结一。数词的分类： 表示数目多少或顺序的词叫数词。数词分为基数词和序数词。 表示数目多少的数词叫基数词。one，two 表示顺序次第的数词叫序数词。the first（第一）、 the second（第二） 二。数词的用法： 1. 作主语 Thirty of them are Party members. 他们之中的三十人是党员。 2. 作宾语 Please pass me the second. 请递给我第二个。 3. 作定语 The nine boys are from Tianjin. 这九个男孩子是天津人。 4. 作表语 Six plus four is

2、ten. 六加四等于十。 5. 作同位语（只限基数词） We four will go with you. 我们四个人将和你一起去。 B. 用法总结 （一）基数词的表示方法：基数词用来表示数目，或者说表示数量的词叫基数词。最基本的基数词如下表所示。 1 one 11 eleven 100 a hundred 2 two 12 twelve 20 twenty 1000 a thousand 3 three 13 thirteen 30 thirty 1，000，000 a million 4 four 14 fourteen 40 forty 10，000，000 ten million 5

3、five 15 fifteen 50 fifty 100，000，000 a hundred million 6 six 16 sixteen 60 sixty 1，000，000，000 a billion 7 seven 17 seventeen 70 seventy 8 eight 18 eighteen 80 eighty 9 nine 19 nineteen 90 ninety 10 ten 1. 1-12 的基数词： one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve 2. 1319的基

4、数词，在个位数上加后缀 -teen构成，并有两个重音。 thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen 3. 2090等十位数由2-9 加后缀-ty构成。 twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety 4. 21-29由十位数20加个位数1-9 构成，十位和个位之间加连字符号，其他十位数以此类推。 21 twenty-one、44 forty-four、98 ninety-eight 5. 英语中没有“万”这个读数单位，要表示汉语中

5、的“万”，英语需借用thousand一词，如“一万”用“十个千”表示(ten thousand)，“十万”用“一百个千”表示(one hundred thousand)。6. 用作基数词单位的 hundred, thousand, million, billion 通常不带复数词尾-s，但若用于表示数百、数千、数百万这样的泛指，则用复数。如：About two thousand people died in the earthquake. 大约有两千人在地震中丧生。Thousands of people go to the seaside every year. 每年成千上万的人到海滨去。7.

6、 表示整十的基数词用复数形式可以表示人的大约岁数或年代。如：He is in his early twenties. 他才二十出头(from )。This took place in the 1930s. 这事发生在20世纪30年代。8. 多位数的读法 从后向前数，每三位数加一个，；第一个，号前为thousand（千），第二个，号前为million（百万），然后再逐段表达。 三位数数词要在百位和十位（若无十位则和个位）之间加and。 45，632，798 读作 forty-five million, six hundred and thirty-two thousand, seven hund

7、red and ninety-eight （二）序数词的表示方法：第一到第十 第十一到第十九 第二十以上 first eleventh twentieth second twelfth thirtieth third thirteenth fortieth fourth fourteenth fiftieth fifth fifteenth sixtieth sixth sixteenth seventieth seventh seventeenth eightieth eighth eighteenth ninetieth ninth nineteenth hundredth tenth t

8、housandth 1.序数词 = 基数词+th，但以下几个特殊： one-first, two-second, three-third, five-fifth. eight-eighth, nine-ninth, twelve-twelfth, twenty-twentieth , a hundred-a hundredth 2. twentieth, thirtieth, fortieth 等表示整十的序数词，由相应的基数词将词尾y改为ie，再加-th 构成。3. first, second, third 通常可缩写为1st, 2nd, 3rd。凡是以th结尾的序数词可缩写为“基数词+th

9、”：4th, 5th, 9th, 11th, 60th, 128th等。4. 非整十的多位数，将个位数变成序数词即可：twenty-first(第21)，thirty-sixth(第36)，ninety-ninth(第99)，three hundred and sixty-fifth(第365)等。5. hundred, thousand, million 等序数词形式为 hundredth, thousandth, millionth 等。6. 序数词前通常要用定冠词，但表示考试或比赛等的名次时，通常可省略其前的定冠词。如：My room is on the second floor and

10、 his on the third. 我的房间在三楼，他的房间在四楼。 He was (the) third in the exam. 他考试得了第三名。注：有时序数词前不用定冠词，而用不定冠词，表示次第在原有基础上的增加。如：Well have to do it a second time. 我们得再做一次（三）倍数、分数、小数、百分数的表示方法： 1. 倍数：英语中表示倍数时通常借助half, double, twice, three times等之类的词。如：This room is three times as large as that one. 这个房间有那个房间三个大。 Thre

11、e threes are nine. or Three times three is nine. 三三得九。 2. 分数： 分数由基数词和序数词构成：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子超过“1”时，分母用复数。如：two thirds=2/3 three fifths=3/5注：1/2 通常读作 a one half，一般不读作a second；1/4 可读作 a one fourth，也可读作 a one quarter。数短语作主语时，谓语的数由of 后面的名词来决定，名词为可数名词复数，则谓语用复数；名词为不可数名词，谓语用单数。 A third of the land is cover

12、ed by forests. Two thirds of the workers are working hard. 3. 小数：小数点前的数按总数念，同其它基数词读法一样，小数点用point，小数点后面的数按基数词一个一个单独念。如9.65读作nine point six five。218.39读作two hundred and eighteen point three nine。1.25 读作 one point two five 0.56 读作naught point five six或zero point five six 4. 百分数。百分数由基数词和百分号(%)组成，百分号(%)读

13、作 per cent。如：thirty percent=30% 60 percent=60%（四）表示日期1949年1949读作nineteen forty-nine6月23日June 23rd 读作June (the) twenty-third或the twenty-third of June2006年10月October 2006 读作October, two thousand and six1600年5月2日May 2nd, 2005 读作the second of May, sixteen hundred（五）表示钟点半小时用half，一刻钟用a quarter，半小时以内用past，

14、超过半小时用to。08:00 eight oclock或eight09:15 nine fifteen或a quarter past/after nine02:30 two thirty或half past/after two05:45 five forty-five或a quarter to six（六）表示约数1. 用tens/dozens/scores/hundreds/thousands/millions of表示“几十、几百、上千、成千上万”等。如：The boy bought dozens of pencils.那个男孩买了几十支铅笔。Thousands of people die

15、d in the earthquake.数以千计的人死于地震。2. 用less than, under, below, almost, nearly, up to等来表示小于或接近某数目。如nearly two hours将近两个小时。3. 用more than, beyond, or more, over, above等来表示超过或多于某个数目。如more than 100 years一百多年。4. 用or, or so, about, around, some, more or less等表示在某一数目左右。如about 50 pens大约五十支钢笔，a month or so大约一个月。

16、5. 用to, fromto, betweenand表示介于两数词。如：His salary rose from 100 dollars a month to 120 dollars a month.他的工资从每月100美元升到了每月120美元。_（七）算式表达法： 1. 加法 A+B=C A plus B is C. or A and B is C. 2. 减法 AB=C A minus B is C. or B from A is C. 3. 乘法 AB=C A times B is C. or A multiplied by B is C. 4. 除法 AB=C A divided by

17、 B is C. 5. 大于 AB A is more than B. 6. 小于 ABA is less than B.（八）常见数词的表示法及读法 1. 章节、页数的读法 第一章：the first chapter ; Chapter One 第二节：the second section ; Section Two 第三课：the third lesson ; Lesson Three 第463页：page four six three 第2564页：page two five six four或twenty-five sixty-four 注意：如果页码的数字较长，通常用基数词。 2.

18、房间、门牌、电话号码的读法 第305房间：Room three o（零）five 长安街76号：seventy-six Changan Street 电话号码：204-2244：telephone number two o（零） four two two（double two） four four 十一路公共汽车：Bus（No.） eleven 3. 年代、日期、时刻的读法 （1）年份是四位数字时，各分成二位来读， eg. 公元1995年：1995（=nineteen ninety-five） （2）日期使用一般的序数词来读取 eg. 5月10日：May 10th（=May tenth） （3

19、）时刻通常用基数词来读 eg. 8点45分：8: 45（=eight forty-five） （4）年代表示法： eg. 二十世纪九十年代：1990s nineteen nineties 4. hundred, thousand, million用法： hundred, thousand, million前面有具体数字，要用单数形式，但如果它们后面有of，那它们要用复数形式，同时，前面不能再加具体的数目。 eg. two thousand 两千 thousands of 成千上万 hundreds of 成百上千 millions of 数以百万计 Thousands and thousand

20、s of people have visited the city. 成千上万的人参观了这座城市。 （六）需注意的问题： 1. 数词名词用连在一起作定语，后面名词不用复数。 eg. a four-year-old boy 2. 有些结构既有基数词又有序数词。 eg. the first three questions the last five minutes 3. 英语中有一些短语包含数词，不能从表面上理解它们的意义 eg. one and the only 唯一 be at one with 与 一致 be on all fours 匍匐；趴 Twos company, three is

21、a crowd 二人成伴，三人不欢 one and the same 同一个；完全一样 for one 举个例子说 ten to one 十之八九 a thousand to one 十之八九 talk nineteen to the dozen 滔滔不绝 by twos and threes 三三两两 in ones and twos 三三两两 first and last 总共 first of all 首先 from the first 从一开始 .数词专项练习 (一) 50题( ) 1. Lincoln was born on _. A. February 12, 1809 B. 18

22、09, February 12 C. 1809, 12 February D. February 1809,12( ) 2. A _ boy can sing the English song very well. A. ten-years-old B. ten years old C. ten-year-old D. fifth years old ( ) 3. An hour later, _ minister was sent to see the “magic cloth” woven by those two men. A. two B. the second C. the two

23、D. second( ) 4. Abraham Lincoln was _ President of the United States. A. 16 B. the 16 C. 16th D. the 16th( ) 5. Do you think there is any room for us _? A. two B. the two C. second D. the second ( ) 6. -How many students are there in your class? -_. A. Twenty nine B. Thirty and two C. Forty-five D.

24、fifties( ) 7. Which number is wrong? _. A. Ninety B. Ninteen C. Ninth D. Nineteenth( ) 8. The Peoples Liberation Army was founded _. A. on August 1, 1927 B. in 1927, 1 August C. on August 1st, 1927 D. in August 1, 1927( ) 9. The number 4,123 is read _. A. four thousand one hundred and twenty-three B

25、. four thousand and one hundred twenty-three C. four thousand and a hundred and twenty-three D. four thousands a hundred and twenty-three( ) 10. The old professor still works hard though he is _. A. in his sixty B. in his sixties C. in sixties D. in the sixty( ) 11. This classroom is _ ours. A. thre

26、e times big as B. as three times big as C. three times as big as D. as big three times as( ) 12. The basketball team of our school ranks _ in the match. A. three B. third C. the three D. the third( ) 13. -Which is the car that he drives? -Its _. A. fifty two B. the fifty-two cars C. the car fifty fo

27、ur D. the fifty-fourth car( ) 14. Which of the following is wrong? _. A. He is a fifteen-year-old boy. B. He is at the age of 15. C. He is a boy of 15. D. He is fifteen year old.( ) 15. Our school is not very big. There are only _ students. A. nine hundreds of B. nine hundred C. nine hundreds D. nin

28、e hundred of( ) 16. -How many new words are there in _ lesson? -There are only _. A. five; fifth B. fifth; five C. the fifth; the five D. the fifth; five( ) 17. _, Coca-Cola began to enter Chinas market. A. In 1970s B. In 1970s C. In the 1970s D. In the 1970s( ) 18. There was no bus in that small to

29、wn. We had a _. A. ten miles walk B. ten-mile walk C. ten miles walk D. tenth mile walk( ) 19. Today is the first day and _. A. Tuesday is fourth B. Thursday is the fourth C. second is Tuesday D. a second is Thursday( ) 20. -Which room do you live in? -_. A. The 201 Room B. Room 201 C. Room 201st D. The 201s Room( ) 21. -How many magazines do you have? -I have _. A. two B. both C. twice D. the second( ) 22. Three hundred thousand one hundred and seventy means _. A. 3,170