新概念二第46讲学生版.docx

1、新概念二第46讲学生版Expensive and uncomfortablePart 1 Basic words and expressions1. unload v. 从.卸下货物;卸(货),卸(客)The crew unloaded crates from the ship. 船员们从船上卸下板条箱。 They are unloading the ship. 他们正在卸船上的货。2. a number of 若干，许多 A number of people have left. 一些人已走了。 A number of problems have arisen.已经出现了一些问题。the n

2、umber of的数量; 的数目 The number of the apples is 40 苹果的数量是40。 The number of students is 2000 学生的数量是2000人。3. account for 说明;证明；对.负有责任 He could not account for his foolish mistake. 他无法解释他所犯的荒谬的错误。 Who will have to account for the misprints in the dictionary? 谁必须对字典中的印刷错误负责? 4. extremely adv. 极端地;极其;非常We g

3、ot on extremely well. 我们相处得极好。 I am extremely sorry. 我非常抱歉。 This is an extremely difficult task. 这是一项极其困难的任务。5. occur v.发生 sth. occurred to sb. 表示某人想起某事时, 这个结构，主语为事，而不是人。 Earthquakes occur frequently in this area.这一地区经常发生地震。It occurred to him that he should go to see a dentist.他想到他应该立刻去看牙医。6. open u

4、p 打开open up boxesgifts 打开箱子礼物 When he received the gifts, he opened them up at once. 他收到礼物后立刻就打开了。7. be astonished at 对某件事吃惊 But results will come, and you will be astonished at the change.但是一定会有成果的，而且你一定会对这些成果带来的变化感到惊讶Sam appears astonished at the news/ the sound. 这消息声音似乎使萨姆吃了一惊。 We were astonished

5、 at the news of her sudden death.她突然去世的消息使我们震惊。8. on top of 在顶部She put the bread on top of a pile of other goods. 她把面包放在一堆其他货物上面。Sift sugar on top of the cake.在蛋糕上面撒上糖。9. a pile of 一堆;很多 A pile of dirty clothes lay by the washing machine. 一堆脏衣服放在洗衣机旁边。 We put the books in piles on the floor. 我们把书在地板

6、上堆起来。10. woolen adj. 羊毛的She likes to wear woolen sweater in winter.冬天她喜欢穿羊毛衫。11. goods n.（常用复数）货物，商品Our neighbors sold their household goods before they moved out.我们的邻居在搬家前把家用品先卖掉。12. be surprised at 对 感到惊奇 You will be surprised at his progress.你会对他的进步感到惊讶。13. discover v. 发现She discovered that the m

7、an was a quack. 她发现那人是个庸医。 Who first discovered America? 谁最早发现美洲大陆?14. admit v.承认 admit 可作“承认”解释，这时，其后可跟名词、动词的-ing形式、宾语从句或宾语+宾语补足语。 John admitted knowing little about the subject.约翰承认对这个学科了解的不多。The boy admitted that he had broken the window.那男孩承认是他打碎了窗子。You must admit the work to be difficult.你应当承认这

8、项任务是艰巨的。15. confine v.关在（一个狭小的空间里）confine. to 把限制起来Last weekend, Toms mother confined him to his room. 上个周末，汤姆的妈妈把汤姆关在了房间里。The thief was confined in a prison. 窃贼被关押在监狱里。16. normal adj.正常的，通常的The doctor said the childs temperature was normal.医生说孩子体温正常。 Everything is absolutely normal.一切完全正常。17.短语复习tr

9、y to do sth; try doing sth; be ordered to; payfor ; the price ofPart 2 Structure and Vocabulary1. workers began _ a number of wooden boxes. A. unload B. to unloading C. unloaded D. unloading2. which boxes contained clothing? _ . A. The wooden B. the wood C. The woody ones D. The wooden ones3. It occ

10、urred to him to open it. He thought _ it. A. of opening B. to open C. to have opened D. opening4. what did he find? He was surprised at what _ . A. did he find B. he did find C. he found D. he has found5. _ a ticket to Sydney? 2000 A. How many is B. How much is C. How much has D. How much costs6. Th

11、e boxes contained clothing. They contained _ . A. cloths B. cloth C. clothes D. dresses7. No one could account for it. They contained _ . A. explain B. estimate C. interpret D. describe8. The man was lying on top of a _ of woolen goods. A. carpet B. column C. bag D. heap9. He admitted hiding in the

12、box. He _ it. A. announced B. described C. confessed D. declared10. He had been confined to the box, so he _ . A. couldnt move B. could move C. couldnt sleep D. couldnt run awayKey: DDACB CADCA Part 3 Grammar一、介词表示时间常用的介词表示时间常用的介词有at, in, after, until, before, during.1. at at多用于表示表示具体的点钟前，如：at seven

13、, at a quarter to one; 也可用于固定搭配中，如：at noon, at night.2. inin表示一段时间，用于年、月、世纪、四季或泛指的一天的上午、下午、晚上等。如：in the twenty-first century, in autumn, in the morning，还可以用于表示“从现在起多长时间之后或多久之后”的短语。3. onon主要用于在星期几，具体某一天或某一天的早、中、晚或节日前。如：on Mid-autumn Day 在中秋节on June 1st 在6月1日Exercise 11. Some volunteers from Beijing a

14、rrived in Shanghai _ April 29 to work for the World Expo. A. on B. at C. of D. to2. Li Lei often goes to school _ 7:10 in the morning. A. at B. for C. on D. in3. What a healthy boy! He runs _ the morning every morning. A. in B. on C. at D. for4. Spring is the best season in Beijing. It usually comes

15、 _ March. A. on B. in C. to D. at5. My uncle is coming to Beijing _ the morning of May 15. A. in B. on C. at D. to4. since, from和for（1）since指从某时一直延续至今，后街时间点，主句用完成时。如：He has lived here since 1993.（2）form说明开始的时间，谓语可用过去、现在、将来的某种时态。如：From now on, I will learn English in the morning.（3）for指动作延续贯穿整个过程，后接时

16、间段，主句用于完成时。如：I have studied English for six years. Exercise 2用for 或since填空。1. Jill has been in Ireland Monday. 2. Tom has been in Paris three days.5. after（1）after表示以过去为起点的某一段时间之后，用于过去时。如：They finished the work after two years.（2）after与时间点连用表示将来某个时间之后。如：Ill ring you up after two oclock.6. “by+时间点”表示

17、“到以前为止”，如果by后跟一个过去的时间点应用过去完成时。如：We had learned 1,000 words by the end of last term.7. “during+时间段”与延续性动词连用表示某期间的动作。如：He lived with us during these years.8. until用于否定句中，意为“直到才”，其前的谓语动词多用瞬间性动词；用在肯定句中，意为“直到为止”，其前的谓语动词须用延续性动词。如：I didnt leave until my mother came home.I waited for my mother until she cam

18、e home.9. before和after表示时间，分别意为“在之前”和“在之后”。如：Please bring your homework before ten oclock.Exercise 31. They will leave a week _ today. A. from B. on C. by D. for2. He suddenly returned _ a rainy night. A. on B. at C. in D. during3. Mary had finished her homework_ the time I got home. A. until B. by

19、C. at D. when4. They didnt leave the station_ they get on the train. A. until B. by C. after D. at5. Nanjing is a beautiful city. It won “China Human Habitat Environment Prize” _ 2008. A. at B. on C. in D. by二、表示地点常用的介词1. in, on, toin表示在某一地区之内的某方位（属于该范围）；to表示在某一地区之外的某方位（不属于该范围）；on表示与某地的毗邻关系。如：Fujian

20、 is in the southeast of China.China is to the west of Japan. in on to 2. over, above, on（1）over指在的正上方，表示垂直在上。There are two stars over Hui Tailang.（2）above表示在上方，属于斜上方。如：Raise your arms above your head.3. at, in, on（1）at表示较小的地点如：at the bus stop, at home （2）in表示较大的地方如：in China, in the world（3）on表示在一个平面

21、上如：on the farm, on the playground4. in front of，in the front of（1）in front of表示“在之前”（范围外）如：There are some trees in front of the classroom.（2）in front of表示“在之前”（范围内）（3）before所表示的位置关系和in front of相同，表示“在前”；“在面前”。如：He sits before me.5. below, underbelow表示“在下方或位置低于”，不一定有垂直在下之意；under表示“在正下方”。如：There are m

22、any bikes under the tree. The coat reaches below the knees.Exercise 41. Taiwan is _ the east of Fujian. A. in B. at C. to D. on2. My room is _ the third floor. A. at B. on C. in D. to3. Tom sits_the classroom while John sits_the room. A. in front of; at back of B. in the front of; at the back of C.

23、in front of; at the back of D. in the front of; at back of4. We can see a river running to the east_ the hill. A. under B. below C. over D. on5. The boat is passing_ the bridge. A. through B. below C. under D. across三、易混介词1. in和on的区别on the tree 表示枝、叶果实等长在树上in the tree 表示人或其他东西在树上on the wall 表示东西粘贴或挂

24、在墙上in the wall 表示门、窗等嵌在墙上Exercise 5 1. He put up a map _ the back wall because there was a hole _ it. A. on; on B. at; in C. on; in D. on; at2. There is a door_ the wall. A. on B. to C. of D. in3. There are some birds singing_ the trees. A. in B. on C. at D. from4. Dont read _ the sun. Its bad _ you

25、r eyes. A. in; to B. under; for C. with; to D. in; for5. The woman_ a blue dress is my teacher. A. in B. on C. of D. at2. between和among的区别between常指“在两者之间”；among用于指“在三者或三者以上的人或物之间”。如：Maria sits between Lucy and Lily.Miss. Wang stands among her students.如果把三者及以上的人或事物分别看待，指每两者之间，也可用between. 如：You shoul

26、dnt eat between meals.Exercise 61. The tables in the restaurant are so close together that theres hardly any room to move _ them. A. among B. between C. in the middle of D. at the centre of2. English is widely used for business_ different countries. A. between B. to C. for D. on3. Is there any diffe

27、rence _ these two sentences? A. for B. in C. among D. between4. We visited him at his workplace _ the young trees and ask him about his work. A. in B. among C. between D. at5. The police station is _ the clothing shop _ the post office. A. between; and B. among; and C. near; of D. on; right3. across

28、, through, over和past的区别across和through都用于表示“穿过、越过”。across含有“从表面穿过”之意，表示游渡、乘船过海或过河时用across，through含有“从中间穿过”之意。如：He can swim across the river.She had to push her way through the crowd to get her son. over多指在空间范围上“超过”，而past指“经过”。如：The plane flew over a line of mountains in the southeast.He walked past a

29、 tree.Exercise 71. Two planes are flying_ the city. A. through B. over , C. on , D. below2. The river runs_ the city. A. across B. through C. over D. from3. It took us over an hour to walk_ this street. A. from B. through C. over D. across4. Do you see the kite _ the building? A. over B. cross C. on

30、 D. above5. There is a book-store _ our house. A. at B. through C. across D. near4. for, to和towards的区别for常用在leave, start后，表示运动的方向或目的。如：Theyll leave for Beijing to attend a meeting next meeting.to接在go, come, return, move等词之后，表示目的地。如：When did you return to Guangzhou after the holiday?towards表示“朝、向”，只说明运动的方向，没有“到达”的意思。5. after与behind的区别两个词都有“在.之后”之意，behind只表示位置方面的之后，不能表示时间，而after表示时间、位置都可以。如：behind the school, after 5 oclock, after the house6. in, with和by表示“用”时的区别in主要表示“用语言、声音、原材料等”；wit