实验室专业名词翻译.docx

1、实验室专业名词翻译实验室专业名词翻译中文名称英文名称分析名词分析化学analytical chemistry定性分析qualitative analysis定量分析quantitative analysis物理分析physical analysis物理化学分析physico-chemical analysis仪器分析法instrumental analysis流动注射分析法flow injection analysis；FIA顺序注射分析法sequentical injection analysis;SIA化学计量学chemometrics误差的分析数据处理绝对误差absolute error

2、相对误差relative error系统误差systematic error可定误差determinate error随机误差accidental error不可定误差indeterminate error准确度accuracy精确度precision偏差debiation，d平均偏差average debiation相对平均偏差relative average debiation标准偏差（标准差）standerd deviation;S相对平均偏差relatibe standard deviation;RSD变异系数coefficient of variation误差传递propagatio

3、n of error有效数字significant figure置信水平confidence level显著性水平level of significance合并标准偏差（组合标准差）pooled standard debiation舍弃商rejection quotient ;Q滴定分析滴定分析法titrametric analysis滴定titration容量分析法volumetric analysis化学计量点stoichiometric point等当点equivalent point电荷平衡charge balance电荷平衡式charge balance equation质量平衡ma

4、ss balance物料平衡material balance质量平衡式mass balance equation酸碱滴定法酸碱滴定法acid-base titrations质子自递反应autoprotolysis reaction质子自递常数autoprotolysis constant质子条件式proton balance equation酸碱指示剂acid-base indicator指示剂常数indicator constant变色范围colour change interval混合指示剂mixed indicator双指示剂滴定法double indicator titration非水

5、滴定法非水滴定法nonaqueous titrations质子溶剂protonic solvent酸性溶剂acid solvent碱性溶剂basic solvent两性溶剂amphototeric solvent无质子溶剂aprotic solvent均化效应differentiating effect区分性溶剂differentiating solvent离子化ionization离解dissociation结晶紫crystal violet萘酚苯甲醇-naphthalphenol benzyl alcohol奎哪啶红quinadinered百里酚蓝thymol blue偶氮紫azo vio

6、let溴酚蓝bromophenol blue配位滴定法配位滴定法compleximetry乙二胺四乙酸ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid,EDTA螯合物chelate compound金属指示剂metal lochrome indcator氧化还原滴定法氧化还原滴定法oxidation-reduction titration碘量法iodimetry溴量法bromimetry溴量法bromine method铈量法cerimetry高锰酸钾法potassium permanganate method条件电位conditional potential溴酸钾法potas

7、sium bromate method硫酸铈法cerium sulphate method偏高碘酸metaperiodic acid高碘酸盐periodate亚硝酸钠法sodium nitrite method重氮化反应diazotization reaction重氮化滴定法diazotization titration亚硝基化反应nitrozation reaction亚硝基化滴定法nitrozation titration外指示剂external indicator外指示剂outside indicator重铬酸钾法potassium dichromate method沉淀滴定法沉淀滴定法

8、precipitation titration容量滴定法volumetric precipitation method银量法argentometric method重量分析重量分析法gravimetric analysis挥发法volatilization method引湿水（湿存水）water of hydroscopicity包埋(藏)水occluded water吸入水water of imbibition结晶水water of crystallization组成水water of composition液-液萃取法liquid-liquid extration溶剂萃取法solvent

9、extration反萃取counter extraction分配系数partition coefficient分配比distribution ratio离子对（离子缔合物）ion pair沉淀形式precipitation forms称量形式weighing forms仪器分析物理分析physical analysis物理化学分析physicochemical analysis仪器分析instrumental analysis电位法及永停滴定法电化学分析electrochemical analysis电解法electrolytic analysis method电重量法electtogravi

10、metry库仑法coulometry库仑滴定法coulometric titration电导法conductometry电导分析法conductometric analysis电导滴定法conductometric titration电位法potentiometry直接电位法dirext potentiometry电位滴定法potentiometric titration伏安法voltammetry极谱法polarography溶出法stripping method电流滴定法amperometric titration化学双电层chemical double layer相界电位phase bo

11、undary potential金属电极电位electrode potential化学电池chemical cell液接界面liquid junction boundary原电池galvanic cell电解池electrolytic cell负极cathrode正极anode电池电动势eletromotive force指示电极indicator electrode参比电极reference electroade标准氢电极standard hydrogen electrode一级参比电极primary reference electrode饱和甘汞电极standard calomel ele

12、ctrode银氯化银电极silver silver-chloride electrode液接界面liquid junction boundary不对称电位asymmetry potential表观PH值apparent PH复合PH电极combination PH electrode离子选择电极ion selective electrode敏感器sensor晶体电极crystalline electrodes均相膜电极homogeneous membrance electrodes非均相膜电极heterog eneous membrance electrodes非晶体电极non- crysta

13、lline electrodes刚性基质电极rigid matrix electrode流流体载动电极electrode with a mobile carrier气敏电极gas sensing electrodes酶电极enzyme electrodes金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管MOSFET离子选择场效应管ISFET总离子强度调节缓冲剂total ion strength adjustment buffer,TISAB永停滴定法dead-stop titration双电流滴定法（双安培滴定法）double amperometric titration光谱分析普朗克常数Plank const

14、ant电磁波谱electromagnetic spectrum光谱spectrum光谱分析法spectroscopic analysis原子发射光谱法atomic emission spectroscopy质量谱mass spectrum质谱法mass spectroscopy,MS紫外可见分光光度紫外可见分光光度法ultraviolet and visible spectrophotometry;UV-vis肩峰shoulder peak末端吸收end absorbtion生色团chromophore助色团auxochrome红移red shift长移bathochromic shift短移

15、hypsochromic shift蓝（紫）移blue shift增色效应（浓色效应）hyperchromic effect减色效应（淡色效应）hypochromic effect强带strong band弱带weak band吸收带absorption band透光率transmitance,T吸光度absorbance谱带宽度band width杂散光stray light噪声noise暗噪声dark noise散粒噪声signal shot noise闪耀光栅blazed grating全息光栅holographic graaing光二极管阵列检测器photodiode array de

16、tector偏最小二乘法partial least squares method ,PLS褶合光谱法convolution spectrometry褶合变换convolution transform,CT离散小波变换wavelet transform,WT多尺度细化分析multiscale analysis供电子取代基electron donating group吸电子取代基electron with-drawing group荧光分析荧光fluorescence荧光分析法fluorometryX-射线荧光分析法X-ray fulorometry原子荧光分析法atomic fluorometr

17、y分子荧光分析法molecular fluorometry振动弛豫vibrational relexation内转换internal conversion外转换external conversion体系间跨越intersystem crossing激发光谱excitation spectrum荧光光谱fluorescence spectrum斯托克斯位移Stokes shift荧光寿命fluorescence life time荧光效率fluorescence efficiency荧光量子产率fluorescence quantum yield荧光熄灭法fluorescence quemchi

18、ng method散射光scattering light瑞利光Reyleith scanttering light拉曼光Raman scattering light红外分光光度法红外线infrared ray,IR中红外吸收光谱mid-infrared absorption spectrum,Mid-IR远红外光谱Far-IR微波谱microwave spectrum,MV红外吸收光谱法infrared spectroscopy红外分光光度法infrared spectrophotometry振动形式mode of vibration伸缩振动stretching vibration对称伸缩振动

19、symmetrical stretching vibration不对称伸缩振动asymmetrical stretching vibration弯曲振动bending vibration变形振动formation vibration面内弯曲振动in-plane bending vibration,剪式振动scissoring vibration,面内摇摆振动rocking vibration,面外弯曲振动out-of-plane bending vibration,面外摇摆振动wagging vibration,蜷曲振动twisting vibration ,对称变形振动symmetrical

20、 deformation vibration ,s不对称变形振动asymmetrical deformation vibration, as特征吸收峰charateristic avsorption band特征频率characteristic frequency相关吸收峰correlation absorption band杂化影响hybridization affect环大小效应ring size effect吸收峰的强度intensity of absorption band环折叠振动ring prckering vibration原子吸收分光光度原子光谱法atomic spectros

21、copy原子吸收分光光度法atomic absorption spectrophotometry,AAS原子发射分光光度法atomic emmsion spectrophotometry,AES原子荧光分光光度法atomic fluorescence spectrophotometry,AFS核磁共振波谱核磁共振nuclear magnetic resonance,NMR核磁共振波谱NMR spectrum核磁共振波谱法NMR spectroscopy扫场swept field扫频seept frequency连续波核磁共振continuous wave NMR,CW NMRFourier变换

22、NMRPFT-NMR,FT-NMR二维核磁共振谱2D-NMR质子核磁共振谱proton magnetic resonance spectrum,PMR氢谱1H-NMR碳13核磁共振谱13C-NMR spectrum,13CNMR自旋角动量spin angular momentum磁旋比magnetogyric ratio磁量子数magnetic quantum number,m进动precession弛豫历程relaxation mechanism局部抗磁屏蔽local diamagnetic shielding屏蔽常数shielding constant化学位移chemical shift国

23、际纯粹与应用化学协会IUPAC磁各向异性magnetic anisotropy远程屏蔽效应long range shielding effect结面nodal plane自旋自旋偶合spin-spin coupling自旋自旋分裂spin=spin splitting单峰singlet,s双峰doublet,d三重峰triplet,t四重峰quartet五重峰quintet六重峰sextet偕偶geminal coupling邻偶vicinal coupling远程偶合long range coupling磁等价magnetic eqivalence自旋系统spin system一级光谱fir

24、st order spectrum二级光谱（二级图谱）second order spectrumC-H光谱C-H correlated spectroscopy,C-H COSY质谱质谱分析法mass spectrometry质谱mass spectrum,MS棒图bar graph选择离子检测selected ion monitoring ,SIM直接进样direct probe inlet ,DPI接口interface气相色谱质谱联用gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,GC-MS高效液相色谱质谱联用high performance liquid ch

25、romatography-mass spectrometry,HPLC-MS电子轰击离子源electron impact source,EI离子峰quasi-molecular ions化学离子源chemical ionization source,CI场电离field ionization,FI场解析field desorptiion,FD快速原子轰击离子源fast stom bombardment ,FAB质量分析器mass analyzer磁质谱仪magnetic-sector mass spectrometer四极杆质谱仪（四极质谱仪）quadrupole mass spectrome

26、ter原子质量单位amu离子丰度ion abundance相对丰度(相对强度)relative avundance基峰base peak质量范围mass range分辨率resolution灵敏度sensitivity信噪比S/N分子离子molecular ion碎片离子fragment ion同位素离子isotopic ion亚稳离子metastable ion亚稳峰metastable peak母离子paren ion子离子daughter含奇数个电子的离子odd electron含偶数个电子的离子even eletron,EE均裂homolytic cleavage异裂（非均裂）hete

27、rolytic cleavage半均裂hemi-homolysis cleavage重排rearragement分子量MW裂解-cleavage色谱分析色谱法（层析法）chromatography固定相stationary phase流动相mobile phase超临界流体色谱法SFC高效毛细管电泳法high performance capillary electroporesis,HPEC气相色谱法gas chromatography,GC液相色谱法liquid cromatography,LC超临界流体色谱法supercritical fluid chromatography,SFC气-固

28、色谱法GSC气-液色谱法GLC液-固色谱法LSC液-液色谱法LLC柱色谱法column chromatography填充柱packed column毛细管柱capillary column微填充柱icrobore packed column高效液相色谱法high performance liquid chromatography,HPLC平板色谱法planar平板色谱法plane chromatography纸色谱法paper chromatography薄层色谱法thin layer chromatography,TLC薄膜色谱法;thiin film chomatography毛细管电泳法capillary electrophoresis,CE分配色谱法partition chromatography吸附色谱法