英国文化学习资料1.docx

1、英国文化学习资料1Chapter One English HistioryI. Choose the Correct Answer from Each of the Following.1. In the year 1066, William the Conqueror invaded England from France, defeating the Saxon king Harold at . A. the Battle of Crecy C. the Battle of HastingsB. the Battle of Agincourt D. the Battle of Waterl

2、oo2. One of the following did not take place during the Middle Ages. It was . A. the Norman Conquest C. the Hundred Years War B. the Crusades D. the “Gunpowder Plot”3. The most famous of the English Crusaders was the Norman king, .A. Richard Lion-Heart C. King Arthur B. King John D. Alfred the Great

3、4. For much of the Middle Ages, Britain was ruled by a (n) aristocracy. A. English-speaking C. German-speaking B. French-speaking D. Gaelic-speaking5. In England, the Protestant Reformation began with .A. King John C. Queen ElizabethB. Henry VIII D. Bloody Mary6. Shakespeare lived in the period of .

4、A. the Middle Ages C. the Elizabethan ageB. the Victorian age D. the Industrial Revolution7. The defeat of the Spanish Armada by the English navy took place during . A. the Middle Ages C. the Elizabethan age B. the “grab for Africa” D. the Victorian age8. The “Gunpowder Plot” took place in the reign

5、 of . A. James I C. Henry VIII B. Elizabeth I D. Charles I9. The king who believed the “Divine Right” to govern, and who was condemned to death during the English Civil War was .A. Henry VIII C. Charles I B. James I D. James II10. During the whole of the eighteenth century, Englands great enemy was

6、.A. Spain C. America B. France D. Germany11. One of the following did not take place during the eighteenth century in British history. It was .A. great victories over France C. the loss of her American coloniesB. the Industrial Revolution D. the founding of the modern police force12. The Reform Bill

7、 in the eighteenth century in British history was made to . A. extend the franchise C. encourage inventionsB. develop trade unions D. improve social services13. One of the following was not a characteristic of the Victorian age. A. It was an age of national development and national optimism.B. It wa

8、s an age of stability in family life.C. It was an age of imperialism.D. It was an age of lack of belief in religion.14. One of the following did not take place between the two world wars in British history. It was . A. the “suffragette” movementB. the independence of the southern part of IrelandC. t

9、he great “slump”D. the General Strike15. Which of the following did not take place after the Second World War in British history? A. The independence of the colonies of the old British empireB. The availability of TV sets and cars to almost every homeC. The “suffragette” movementD. The founding of t

10、he “Welfare State”II. Fill in the Blanks1. The Crusades were a series of wars in which armies from all over Europe tried to snatch the “ ” (i. e. Palestine, where Jesus Christ once lived) from the .2. In British history, the great rivals of the kings authority during the Middle Ages were and the loc

11、al chiefs, called .3. All the kings of the Middle Ages in Britain spoke as their mother tongue, and after the Hundred Years War, the language took its place.4. During the Hundred Years War between England and France, English bowmen defeated the heavily armed French knights in the famous Battles of a

12、nd , and the whole of France very nearly fell into English hands.5. The sixteenth century was the age of great voyages of discovery. and were the two great sailors who started the age of discovery.7. Protestantism gradually became the dominant faith in Britain in the reign of .8. Most people associa

13、te the Elizabethan age with two things. The first is .The other is .9. The greatest sailor who led the English fleet to victory in fighting the Spanish Armada was .10. The English Civil War resulted in the temporary overthrow of the , and the country became for more than ten years a sort of republic

14、 founded by .11. In the English Civil War, the “Roundhead” supported while the “Cavalier” supported .14. The longest reign in British history was the monarch of the great Queen Victoria, which lasted from the year to .15. The Origin of Species was written by .17. After World War II, the first two co

15、lonies of the old British Empire that became free were _ and .III. Explanation 1. the Hundred Years War (1) A war between England and France which lasted, on and off, for a hundred years from 1337 to 1453. (2) It was fought entirely in France, and the whole of France very nearly fell into English ha

16、nds in the famous battles of Crecy and Agincourt. (3) Eventually, partly through the inspiration of the brave girl Joan of Arc, and partly through the effective use of guns, the French drove the English from their land for good.2. the Catholic Church (1) It refers to the Christian church headed by t

17、he Pope. (2) All members of the church accept the gospel of Christ and the teachings of the Bible. Any revolt against the traditional Christian faith was “heresy.” (3) In the Middle Ages, the Pope was extremely powerful. (4) In the sixteenth century, some of the actual beliefs and practices of the C

18、atholic Church were questioned by Protestant doctrines and there was a great deal of persecution by Catholics.3. the Elizabethan age (1) It refers to the period during the reign of Elizabeth I in British history. (2) It was an age of real literary achievement, especially that of Shakespeare, and (3)

19、 it was an age of adventure on the sea.Answers I . Choose the Correct Answer from Each of the Following1. C; 2. D; 3. A; 4. B; 5. B; 6. C; 7. C; 8.A; 9. C; 10. B; 11. D; 12. A; 13. D; 14. A; 15. CII. Fill in the Blanks1. Holy Land; the Muslims2. the Church; barons3. French; English4. Crecy; Agincour

20、t5. Columbus; Vasco da Gama7. Elizabeth I8. literature; adventure on the sea9. Sir Francis Drake10. monarchy; Oliver Cromwell11. the Parliament; the King (or King CharlesI)14. 1837; 190115. Charles Darwin17. India; PakistanChapter Two British Government SystemI. Choose the Correct Answer from Each o

21、f the Following 1. Queen Elizabeth n is “Defender of the Faith”, because _. A. she is the spiritual leader of the Church of England B. she is the head of the Church of England C. she is the personification of the state. D. she is the symbol of the English values.2. Which of the following is not true

22、? A. The Queen holds meetings of the Privy Council. B. The Queen receives reports of cabinet meetings in her weekly sessions with the Prime Minister. C. The Queen must take sides when a dispute arises in the Cabinet.D. The Queen is informed and consulted on every aspect of national life.3. Which of

23、the following is not true? A. The Queen is a symbol of the parliamentary democracy. B. She is a symbol of British culture. C. She is a symbol of English tradition. D. She is a symbol of English way of life.4. Which of the following is not a part of the Conventions of the constitution? A. The powers

24、of the Crown are exercised mainly by Ministers. B. The Queen must act on the advice of Ministers. C. MPs enjoy freedom of speech in debate. D. Ministers are responsible to Parliament for their actions.5. How often does the General Election take place? A. At least every three years. C. At least every

25、 five years. B. At least every four years. D. At least every six years.6. Why are so many party members elected to Parliament in each Election in Britain? A. Because party members usually enjoy better reputation. B. Because party members have more experience in forming a government. C. Because party

26、 members have the backing of nationwide organizations. D. Because people trust party members to a greater degree.7. The executive power is in the hands of _.A. Parliament C. the Cabinet headed by the Prime MinisterB. the House of Commons D. the Queen8. The real centre of power in Parliament is _. A.

27、 the Queen C. the House of LordsB. the House of Commons D. the Cabinet9. Which of the following is not one of the functions that Parliament plays?A. To serve as the final court of appeal in civil cases and criminal cases.B. To make laws.C. To control and criticize the executive government.D. To cont

28、rol the raising and the spending of money.10. The real power of the British government lies in _.A. the House of Commons C. the Prime MinisterB. the Cabinet headed by the Prime Minister D. the Queen12. The real power of the House of Lords lies in _. A. helping to pass money bills C. discussing bills

29、 B. delaying bills D. being Supreme Court13. Which of the following is not correct? A. The Speaker presides over the meetings in the House of Commons and sees that procedure is followed. B. The Speaker has the highest power in the House of Commons, he usually takes sides and joins the debates. C. Th

30、e Speaker controls the debates, seeing that Members do not stray too far from the subject of debate. D. The Speaker interprets the rule of procedure and settles any disputes as to whether things are being properly done.14. According to the text, which of the following is the most important privilege

31、 enjoyed by MPs? A. Freedom of speech in Parliament. C. High living standards. B. High social status. D. Involvement in law-making.15. Which of the following sentences in true? A. The two big parties have been successful in expanding their powers over recent years. B. The strength of the big parties remains unchanged. C. Members of the two big parties no longer dominate Parliament. D. The two big parties have declined over recent years.II. Fill in the Blanks 1. _ is the oldest secular institution in the United Kingdom.2. A1l English official documents bear the initials OH