名词易错易混点.docx

1、名词易错易混点名词易错易混点一、单项选择名词1It is reported that Fan Bingbing broke the law of tax.Well, the _ for her is so heavy that it is a warning to high-incomers.Areward Bfare Cfine Dcharge【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：据报道，范冰冰触犯了税法。嗯，对她的罚款很重，这对高收入的人来说是个警告。A. reward报酬；B. fare公共交通费；C. fine罚款；D. charge费用。上一句说范冰冰触犯了税法，因此此处

2、是说对她的处罚（罚款），故C项正确。2An advantage of living on the top floor of a high rise building is that you can get a good _.Ascene BsceneryCsight Dview【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：住在高楼大厦顶层的优点是你能看很好地欣赏风景。A. scene 情景 B. scenery景色 C. sight 景象 D. view风景。view“风景”普遍用语,指从某个角度所看到的风景。根据句意，故D选项正确。【点睛】Scene:1. 某地的景色、风景，指展现在眼前的情

3、景，也可以指scenery的一部分3The girl received no approval of his family as her marriage with an African boy was regarded as a _ from tradition.Aviolation BdepartureCwithdrawal Dseparation【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词的词义辨析。A. violation违反，妨碍；B. departure离开，出发；C. withdrawal撤退，收回；D. separation分离，分开。句意：这个女孩没有得到家人的认可因为她与非洲人的婚姻

4、被认为是背离传统的。结合句意可知答案为B。4Computers cannot work without _ from human beings.Aexpressions BinstructionsCprescriptions Dintroductions【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：没有人类的指令，计算机无法工作。A. expressions表达；B. instructions命令，指示；C. Prescriptions处方；D. introductions介绍。instructions“命令，指示”符合句意。故B选项正确。5When people need informati

5、on, from the news and weather forecasts to travel packages and academic research, the Internet is now the first_ they turn to.Aprivilege Bsource Cassistance Doutcome【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词。A. privilege特权； B. source来源； C. assistance帮助，援助； D. outcome结果。句意：当人们需要信息时，从新闻和天气预报到旅游套餐和学术研究，互联网现在是他们求助的第一个来源。结合句意可知答

6、案为B。6He was so nervous during the test. No _ he didnt pass the exam.Away BsurpriseCwonder Dmatter【答案】C【解析】词义辨析。No way没门,没办法,根本不行；No wonder难怪；No matter不管什么。他考试时太紧张了。难怪他没有通过考试。选C。7It cant be a(n) _that four jewelry stores were robbed in one night.Acoincidence BaccidentCincident Dchance【答案】B【解析】词义辨析。 A

7、.巧合；一致 B. 事故；意外 C.事件；事变 D. 机会。句意：四家珠宝商店在一夜之间被抢劫不会是一起事故。含有意外的意思，故选B。8The Taiyuan subway is under _ and next year it will be put in use.Aproduction BconstructionCdestination Dpermission【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：太原地铁正在建设中，明年将投入使用。A. production 表示“生产”；B. construction 表示“建设”，be under construction 表示正在建设中；C.

8、 destination 表示“目的地”、“终点”；D. permission 表示“允许”、“许可”。故选B。9As he was not allowed to her to the shops, he wrote out a list of items for her.Aappointment Bambulance Caccompany Dadjustment【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：由于不允许他陪她去商店，他给她列了一张购物单。A. appointment约定；B. ambulance救护车；C. accompany陪伴；伴随；D. adjustment调整；调节。根

9、据句意故选C。10 Youve taken the lead in the test again. Can you share your _ for success with us? Remember, the early bird catches the worm.Abonus BrecipeCglory Dfancy【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：你又在考试中领先了。你能和我们分享一下你成功的秘诀吗?记住，早起的鸟儿有虫吃。A. bonus奖金；红利；B. recipe食谱；秘诀；C. glory光荣；荣誉；D. fancy幻想；想象力。根据句意故选B。11-Did you

10、see the new movie directed by that famous director? Its said to be _great success.-No, I have been busy preparing all the office_ these days.A/; equipments Bthe; equipment C/; equipment Da; equipment【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查冠词和名词复数。句意：-你看过那位著名导演，导演的新电影了吗?据说非常成功。-没有，这些天我一直在忙着准备所有的办公设备。success为不可数名词，但a success强

11、调是“一件个成功的事或人。这是抽象名词的具体化的用法。 equipment为不可数名词，没有复数形式，不要不定冠词来修饰。故D选项正确。【点睛】抽象名词是指表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念的名词。抽象名词一般为不可数名词，如success，progress，pity，surprise等。但是，在一定场合下，某些抽象名词和某些物质名词可以具体化为个体名词，这时它们具有可数名词的功能，这种情况我们称之为抽象名词具体化。现将中学阶段常见的这类名词归纳如下：一、表示抽象的特性、状态、思维以及动作行为的一次、一种、一场、一类等的名词，有时可具体化为可数名词。这时常组成“aan形容词抽象名词”结构。如

12、：He has a great interest in English他对英语显得很感兴趣。二、表示具有某种特性、状态、情感、情绪的人或物，这类名词有的已经完全转化为可数名词，词义也有所变化。如：抽象名词表示具有某种特性、状态、感情情绪的人或事。如：抽象名词（不可数） 具体化（个体名词，可数名词）in surprise惊讶地 a surprise一件令人惊讶的事win success获得成功 a success一个(件)成功的人(事)分析句子可知，success为不可数名词，但a success强调是“一件个成功的事或人。这是抽象名词的具体化的用法。 equipment为不可数名词，没有复数形

13、式，不要不定冠词来修饰。故D选项正确。12Somehow Pavels words made sense to Bruno and he resisted the _ to say “Ow” any more, and when Pavel finished applying the green liquid he took a bandage from the first-aid box and taped it to the cut.Aconvenience Btrick Cimpression Durge【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：不知怎的，帕维尔的话对布鲁诺来说很

14、有意义，他克制住了想说“噢”的冲动。当帕维尔涂完这种绿色液体后，他从急救箱里拿出一条绷带，把它绑在伤口上。A. convenience方便；B. trick诡计，窍门；C. impression印象；D. urge强烈的欲望。根据句意故选D。13The two sides have finally reached a(n) _ , though some small differences(分歧) still exist(存在).Aannouncement Bagreement Camazement Dachievement【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管仍存在一些小分歧

15、，但双方最终达成了一致。A. announcement宣告；B. agreement一致；C. amazement惊愕；D. achievement成就。根据“though some small differences(分歧) still exist”可推知，此处表示“达成一致”，故B项正确。14Saving Private Ryan is an unforgettable anti-war film and also a story of courage and _ .Aburden BdepressionCbenefit Dsacrifice【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：拯

16、救大兵瑞恩是一部令人难忘的反战电影，也是一个关于勇气和牺牲的故事。A. burden负担；B. depression压抑；C. benefit好处，益处；D. sacrifice牺牲；空格处与courage并列，都应该是褒义词，再结合电影情节，故选D项。15More than half of the participants said that getting married was not an important_ for becoming an adult.Atension Brestriction Ccirculation Dcriterion【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：

17、超过一半的受访者表示，结婚并不是成为成年人的重要标准。A. tension紧张；B. restriction限制，约束；C. circulation流通，传播；D. criterion标准，准则。根据getting married和becoming an adult可知，结婚是成为一个成年人的“准则”。故选D。16The building under _for stay-at-home children will be completed in MarchAcontribution BconstructionCcoincidence Dcomposition【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词辨

18、析及固定搭配。contribution贡献，捐赠，捐助；construction建造，建筑物; coincidence巧合; 一致；composition作文，作曲。句意: 正在被建的留守儿童楼将于3月竣工。本句说的是建筑物，因此要用建造中。under construction意为“（正在）修建中”，因此选B。17Actively involve yourself in voluntary work and you will see what a(an) _ it will make to your future life.Ainfluence Bcontribution Cdifferenc

19、e Dvariety【答案】C【解析】【详解】本题考查固定短语。解题步骤：1.确定各项意思：A. influence影响；B. contribution贡献；C. difference不同；D. variety多样化；2.确定答案：固定短语make a difference有影响。句意：积极地参与志愿者的工作，你就会看见它对你未来的生活有多么大的影响。故选C。18During the Song Dynasty, people played a game called cuju, which is regarded as the _ of ancient football.Aresource B

20、cause Corigin Dreason【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在宋朝，人们玩一种被称为蹴鞠的游戏，它被认为是古代足球的起源。A. resource 资源；B. cause原因；事业；C. origin起源；D. reason原因；足球是由古代的蹴鞠演变而来，也就是说蹴鞠是足球的起源。根据句意可知C项正确。19Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional _Aconsequence BindependenceCcompetence

21、Dintelligence【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：老师们要不断地更新自己的知识以保持他们能够胜任工作的能力。A. consequence 结果； B. independence独立； C. competence 资格，能力，胜任，称职 ；D. intelligence 智力。根据句意，C项符合此处语境。故选C。20While many Brits like nothing better than spending their Sunday cutting the grass, some are happy just to sit under the _ of the

22、trees and enjoy the beauty of the world.AatmosphereBbranchesCcampusDstrength【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：虽然许多英国人最喜欢的莫过于在周日割草，但有些人却乐于坐在树枝下欣赏世界的美景。A. atmosphere气氛，氛围；B. branches树枝，纸条；C. campus校园；D. strength力气。分析句子可知，人们应该是坐在树枝下欣赏美景。故选B。21New _ continue to use ancient methods of agriculture to maintain the terr

23、aces.AcharactersBgenerationsCinsectsDtourists【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：新一代人继续使用古老的农业方法来维持梯田。A. characters 特点；B. generations 一代人；C.insects 昆虫；D. tourists游客。分析句子可知，新一代人继续使用古老的农业方法来维持梯田。故选B。22Olympic athletes bring joy to people across the world with their_ to push the boundaries of human achievement.Aintel

24、ligence Binfluences Cimpression Dattempts【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：奥运健儿们努力突破人类成就的极限，为全世界人民带来了欢乐。A. intelligence智力，理解力；B. influences 影响；C. impression印象，效果；D. attempts企图，试图。结合句意可知D项符合语境。23He proved himself a true gentleman and the beauty of his _ was seen at its best when he worked with others.Aaspect Bapp

25、earance Ctalent Dcharacter【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：他证明了自己是一个真正的绅士，当他和别人一起工作时，他的性格之美达到了极致。A. aspect方面；B. appearance外貌；C. talent才华，天才；D. character性格，品质。根据句中a true gentleman 和when he worked with others.可判断绅士在工作时表现出的是性格品质，而不是外表或才华，故选D。24As we all know, there is a close _ between diet and health.Aconnectio

26、n Bevidence Cpower Dbelief【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：我们都知道，饮食和健康之间有密切的联系。A. connection联系；B. evidence证据；C. power力量，能力；D. belief信念，信仰。此处指饮食和健康两者的联系，故选A。25If you have a good _ of English, it is easier for you to find a job there.Acontrol Bcommand Cconquer Drequest【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你英语说得很好，那么在那儿找工作

27、就更容易了。A.control控制；B. command 掌握；C. conquer征服；D. request请求。have a good command of 是固定搭配，意为“能驾御，很会”，have a good command of English，意为“能自由地使用英语”，符合句意，故选B。26Children should not see the films full of violent (暴力的) .Asights Bviews Csigns Dscenes【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：孩子们不应该看充满暴力的电影场景。A. sights景象；B. views风

28、景；看法；C. signs迹象；D. scenes场面；（戏剧的）一场。根据上文“the films full of violent ”可推断，此处指“电影中的场景”。故选D。【点睛】scene，view，sight，sign的区别。1. sight则既可以指场景、眼前看到的景观，又可以指名胜、风景，但表示后者的含义时，习惯上要用复数。如：The sight was quite amusing. 这景象使人感到有趣。We saw the sights of Hong Kong by bus. 我们乘公共汽车观看香港的风景。Mary walked round the town, looking

29、at the sights. 玛丽在城里到处转，逛各处景点。2. view主要指从某处看到的东西或景象，有时也指“风景”，尤指自然美景（fine natural scenery）。如：From the window there was a clear view of the mountains. 从窗户往外看是一览无余的群山。The view makes this a good location for a house. 景观使得此处成为建房的好地点。The view was wonderful. If Id had a camera, I would have taken some phot

30、ographs. 风景好极了，要是我带有照相机，我就照几张像了。3. scene 多指某一特定或具体场面所表示的“景色”、“场景”等，可以是室内的也可以是室外的、可以是城市的也可以是乡村的、可以是活动的也可以是静态的等。如：There are some pretty scenes in the park. 公园里有几处美丽的景色。As he entered the room, he was confronted by a scene of disorder. 他进入房间，面对的是一幅乱糟糟的场面。4. sign 是符号，手势，迹象，指示牌的意思。Headaches may be a sign of stress.头痛可能是紧张的迹象。The sign on the wall said Now wash your hands .墙上的牌子上写着“请洗手”。27-Whats new?-The upcoming 40-day Spring Festival travel _ , also known as chunyun, will _ on Jan 10 and end on Feb 18.Adash; kick out Brush; kick off Cflow; kick in