高考英语阅读理解C专练5篇.docx

1、高考英语阅读理解C专练5篇阅读理解C专练5篇Passage 1(2017江苏,C)A new commodity brings about a highly profitable, fast-growing industry, urging antitrust(反垄断)regulators to step in to check those who control its flow. A century ago, the resource in question was oil. Now similar concerns are being raised by the giants(巨头)th

2、at deal in data, the oil of the digital age. The most valuable firms are Google, Amazon, Facebook and Microsoft. All look unstoppable.Such situations have led to calls for the tech giants to be broken up. But size alone is not a crime. The giants success has benefited consumers. Few want to live wit

3、hout search engines or a quick delivery. Far from charging consumers high prices, many of these services are free(users pay,in effect, by handing over yet more data). And the appearance of new-born giants suggests that newcomers can make waves, too.But there is cause for concern. The internet has ma

4、de data abundant, all-present and far more valuable, changing the nature of data and competition. Google initially used the data collected from users to target advertising better. But recently it has discovered that data can be turned into new services:translation and visual recognition, to be sold

5、to other companies. Internet companies control of data gives them enormous power. So they have a“Gods eye view”of activities in their own markets and beyond.This nature of data makes the antitrust measures of the past less useful. Breaking up firms like Google into five small ones would not stop rem

6、aking themselves:in time, one of them would become great again. A rethink is requiredand as a new approach starts to become apparent, two ideas stand out.The first is that antitrust authorities need to move from the industrial age into the 21st century. When considering a merger(兼并), for example, th

7、ey have traditionally used size to determine when to step in. They now need to take into account the extent of firms data assets(资产)when assessing the impact of deals. The purchase price could also be a signal that an established company is buying a new-born threat. When this takes place, especially

8、 when a new-born company has no revenue to speak of, the regulators should raise red flags.The second principle is to loosen the control that providers of on-line services have over data and give more to those who supply them. Companies could be forced to reveal to consumers what information they ho

9、ld and how much money they make from it. Governments could order the sharing of certain kinds of data, with users consent.Restarting antitrust for the information age will not be easy. But if governments dont want a data economy controlled by a few giants, they must act soon.1.Why is there a call to

10、 break up giants?A.They have controlled the data market.B.They collect enormous private data.C.They no longer provide free services.D.They dismissed some new-born giants.2.What does the technological innovation in Paragraph 3 indicate?A.Data giants technology is very expensive.B.Googles idea is popu

11、lar among data firms.C.Data can strengthen giants controlling position.D.Data can be turned into new services or products.3.By paying attention to firms data assets, antitrust regulators could . A.kill a new threat B.avoid the size trapC.favour bigger firms D.charge higher prices4.What is the purpos

12、e of loosening the giants control of data?A.Big companies could relieve data security pressure.B.Governments could relieve their financial pressure.C.Consumers could better protect their privacy.D.Small companies could get more opportunities.答案语篇解读本文为说明文,属于社科类文章。文章说明了人们在受益于大数据的同时,还成就了一些通过数据发财的商业巨头。为

13、了防止这些巨头控制某一领域和市场,政府需要采取行动。1.A推理判断题。根据第二段第一句中的“Such situation”可知答案在第一段,第一段暗示出分化商业巨头的原因是他们控制了数据市场,故答案为A项。2.C细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句可知答案是C项。3.B细节理解题。根据第五段第二、三句可知选B项。4.D推理判断题。根据第六段可知,大数据规则的松动可以让小公司获得更多的机会,故选D项。Passage 2(2018江苏,C)If you want to disturb the car industry, youd better have a few billion dollars:Mom

14、-and-pop carmakers are unlikely to beat the biggest car companies. But in agriculture, small farmers can get the best of the major players. By connecting directly with customers, and by responding quickly to changes in the markets as well as in the ecosystems (生态系统), small farmers can keep one step

15、ahead of the big guys. As the co-founder of the National Young Farmers Coalition (NYFC, 美国青年农会) and a family farmer myself, I have a front-row seat to the innovations among small farmers that are transforming the industry.For example, take the Quick Cut Greens Harvester, a tool developed just a coup

16、le of years ago by a young farmer, Jonathan Dysinger, in Tennessee, with a small loan from a local Slow Money group. It enables small-scale farmers to harvest 175 pounds of green vegetables per houra huge improvement over harvesting just a few dozen pounds by handsuddenly making it possible for the

17、little guys to compete with large farms of California. Before the tool came out, small farmers couldnt touch the price per pound offered by California farms. But now, with the combination of a better price point and a generally fresher product, they can stay in business.The sustainable success of sm

18、all farmers, though, wont happen without fundamental changes to the industry. One crucial factor is secure access to land. Competition from investors, developers, and established large farmers makes owning ones own land unattainable for many new farmers. From 2004 to 2013, agricultural land values d

19、oubled, and they continue to rise in many regions.Another challenge for more than a million of the most qualified farm workers and managers is a non-existent path to citizenshipthe greatest barrier to building a farm of their own. With farmers over the age of 65 outnumbering (多于) farmers younger tha

20、n 35 by six to one, and with two-thirds of the nations farmland in need of a new farmer, we must clear the path for talented people willing to grow the nations food.There are solutions that could light a path toward a more sustainable and fair farm economy, but farmers cant clumsily put them togethe

21、r before us. We at the NYFC need broad support as we urge Congress to increase farmland conservation, as we push for immigration reform, and as we seek policies that will ensure the success of a diverse and ambitious next generation of farmers from all backgrounds. With a new farm bill to be debated

22、 in Congress, consumers must take a stand with young farmers.1.The author mentions car industry at the beginning of the passage to introduce .A.the progress made in car industryB.a special feature of agricultureC.a trend of development in agricultureD.the importance of investing in car industry2.Wha

23、t does the author want to illustrate with the example in paragraph 2?A.Loans to small local farmers are necessary.B.Technology is vital for agricultural development.C.Competition between small and big farms is fierce.D.Small farmers may gain some advantages over big ones.3.What is the difficulty for

24、 those new farmers?A.To gain more financial aid.B.To hire good farm managers.C.To have farms of their own.D.To win old farmers support.4.What should farmers do for a more sustainable and fair farm economy?A.Seek support beyond NYFC.B.Expand farmland conservation.C.Become members of NYFC.D.Invest mor

25、e to improve technology.答案语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。小规模农场主通过自身对行业的快速反应、使用快速收割机等手段在效率方面也不输于大规模农场主。但是现在的农业也面临一些困难,为了有一个更可持续的、更公平的农业经济局面,美国青年农会要获得更多的支持。1.B细节理解题。题干意思是:作者在文章开头提到汽车行业是为了引出。根据第一段可知,作者提及汽车行业是为了引出农业的特点,故选B。2.D推理判断题。题干意思是:在第二段通过举例作者想说明什么?由第二段内容可知,作者举例说明了在使用快速收割工具前后,小规模耕作生产效率的变化。故选D。3.C细节理解题。题干意思是:对于新一代农民来

26、说他们的困难是什么?根据第三段第二句话“一个重要因素就是确保土地的利用。”和第四段第一句话“对于超过一百万的最有资质的农民和经理的又一个挑战就是没有公民渠道建设自己的农场的最大障碍。”可知,应该选C项。4.A细节理解题。根据题干关键词“a more sustainable and fair farm economy(一个更可持续、更公平的农场经济)”可把答案定位在最后一段。文章第一段最后一句说明了美国青年农会(NYFC)的功能,最后一段第二句话中的“当我们督促议会去加强农耕地保护的同时,我们需要更广泛的支持”可知答案应该选A。Passage 3(2015江苏,C)Suppose you bec

27、ome a leader in an organization. Its very likely that youll want to have volunteers to help with the organizations activities.To do so,it should help to understand why people undertake volunteer work and what keeps their interest in the work.Lets begin with the question of why people volunteer.Resea

28、rchers have identified several factors that motivate people to get involved.For example,people volunteer to express personal values related to unselfishness,to expand their range of experiences,and to strengthen social relationships.If volunteer positions do not meet these needs,people may not wish

29、to participate.To select volunteers,you may need to understand the motivations of the people you wish to attract.People also volunteer because they are required to do so.To increase levels of community service,some schools have launched compulsory volunteer programs.Unfortunately,these programs can

30、shift peoples wish of participation from an internal factor(e.g.,“I volunteer because its important to me”)to an external factor(e.g.,“I volunteer because Im required to do so”).When that happens,people become less likely to volunteer in the future.People must be sensitive to this possibility when t

31、hey make volunteer activities a must.Once people begin to volunteer,what leads them to remain in their positions over time?To answer this question,researchers have conducted follow-up studies in which they track volunteers over time.For instance,one study followed 238 volunteers in Florida over a ye

32、ar.One of the most important factors that influenced their satisfaction as volunteers was the amount of suffering they experienced in their volunteer positions.Although this result may not surprise you,it leads to important practical advice.The researchers note that attention should be given to“training methods that would prepare volunteers for troublesome situations or provide them with strategies for coping with the problem they do experience”.Another study of 302 volunteers at hospitals i