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笔记法.docx

1、笔记法口译考试之所以难,在于其长度和规定的限时。估计很多参加过第二阶段口译考试的考生都有这样的经历,听的时候大意可以听懂,但是由于听时未作任何速记,关键词汇,逻辑关系在听后无法正确归纳,导致最后只能译出第一句或最后一句,而中间部分则完全忽略或遗忘。真是如此,你是不可能通过口译考试的。因此,自己在平日练习时一定要把速记归入计划之内。总体上来说,速记符号主要有以下几类:A 。保留大写字母或第一音节经济: E教育: Edu文化: C政治: P科技: ST卫生: H旅游: T环境: En工业: I农业: AB.简写缩略AFAC : as far as is concerned (就而言)LFT : l

2、ook forward to (期待)ASAP : as soon as possible (尽快)C.图象高兴,同意,满意等,如: happy , pleased , satisfied , agree悲伤,生气,不满,不同意等,如:sad , angry , irritated , unsatisfied , sorrowful , discomfort , disagree会议,如conference , meeting , seminar , symposium国家,地区,如:中国:C. ,俄国: RD.符号高兴,男性,同意,增加等,如happy , male , agree , ma

3、ny , +2=more , +3=most , beneficial , good , beautiful , great , gorgeous- 悲伤,女性,不同意,减少等,如sad , female , disagree , little , few ,-2=less ,-3=least , lack of , short of同意,正确等,如: agree , correct , right不同意,错误等,如: disagree , incorrect增长,进步等,如: increase , soar , mushroom , rocket , make progress下降,退步,恶

4、化等,如decrease , sink , slide , subside , plump , plunge , drop , degrade ,deteriorate多于,超过,比低一级等,如: more than , greater than , begger than , better than , superior to , surpass , transcend , overtake少于,比低级等,如: less than , lower than , smaller than , inferior to大约,如: approximately , about , around , s

5、ome , nearly , almost , similar to否定,清除,如: clear , settle , solve , tackle , conquer , eliminate , extinct与不同,如: differ from , different from , distinct , unique$金钱,利益,如: interest , benefit , money , fund , capitalE.标点?问题,麻烦,障碍,如: question , issue , difficult , hardship , barrier , obstacle:主观想法和说辞,

6、如: think , consider , speak , say , talk , mark , announce , declare , hope ,例: repeat或reaffirm可以用:2来替代,声明支持可以用+ :来替代,谴责用-:。表时间前后,如去年。 y ,明年y 。,后天d 。,前天。 d ,两周后w 。现列举一个段落来进行一下速记的说明:女士们,先生们,尊贵的来宾们:今天我很荣幸能够代表北京大学全体师生向来自美国教育代表团一行致以热烈的欢迎,希望你们在今后的两周内在中国过得愉快。新东方口译的速记符号系统是这样的:-/+ , VIP ,d ,代BJ Uni all wel

7、US Edu dele ,: w 。, C- 四、数学符号+表示“多”: many, lots of, a great deal of, a good many of, etc.+(+2)表示“多”的比较级:more+3表示“多”的最高级:most- 表示“少”: little, few, lack, in short of/ be in shortage of etc.表示“错误”、“失误”和“坏”的概念:wrong/incorrect, somethingbad, notorious, negative, etc.表示“多于”概念:bigger/larger/greater/more th

8、an/better than, etc.表示“高”概念:superior to, surpass, etc.表示“少于”概念:less/smaller, etc.表示“低”概念:inferior to, etc.=表示“同等”概念:means, that is to say, in other words, the same as, be equalto, etc.表示“对手”概念:a match, rival, competitor, counterpart, etc.()表示“在.之间”:among, within, etc.表示“不同”概念:be different from, etc.

9、表示“无敌”概念:matchless, peerless, etc.表示“大约”概念:about/around, or so, approximately, etc./表示“否定”,“消除”等概念:cross out, eliminate, etc.五、标点等:表示各种各样“说”的动词:say, speak, talk, marks, announce, declare, etc.?表示“问题”:question, issue,例如:台湾问题:tw?. (dot)这个“.”点的位置不同表示的概念也不一样“. d”表示yesterday, “. y”表示last year,“.2 m”表示two

10、 month ago。“y”表示this year, “y 2.” two year later“nextweek”,可以表示为“wk.”表示转折表示“好的“状态,right/good, famous/well-known, etc.表示“同意”状态,stand up for, support, agree with sb, certain/ affirmative,etc.表示“重要的”状态:important, exemplary (模范的) best, outstanding, brilliant, etc.n表示“交流”状态:exchange, mutual, etc.&表示“和”,“

11、与”:and, together with, along with, accompany, alongwith, further more, etc.表示“结束”:end, stop, halt, bring sth to a standstill/stop, etc.六、较长单词的处理办法-ism简写为m例如:socialism Sm-tion简简写为n例如:standardization (标准化) stdn-cian简简写为o例如:technician techo-ing简写为g例如:marketing (市场营销) MKTg-ed简写为d例如:accepted acptd-able/i

12、ble/ble简写为bl例如:available avbl-ment简写为mt例如:amendment amdmt-ize简写为z例如:recognize regz-ful简写为fl例如:meaningful mnfl语中高级口译考试一直是大家比较关注的一次考试,本文是中高级口译考试中最经典的十个句型,供大家参考。1. leave sb the choice of or 要么,要么 (选择类经典句)Our cruel and unrelenting enemy leaves us the choice of brave resistance or the most abject submiss

13、ion.敌人冷酷无情/铁石心肠,我们要么顽强抵抗,要么屈膝投降。The age of 30s leaves you the choice of marriage or remaining a bachelor.年过三十,要么成婚,要么单身。2. be the instrument of sth 引来某事物的人或事 (使动类经典句)The eyes of all our countrymen are now upon us, and we shall have the blessings and praises, if happily we are the instruments of savi

14、ng them from the tyranny meditated against them.全国同胞都在关注我们,如果我们有幸能够拯救他们脱离强加于身的暴政,那将得到他们的祝福和赞颂。他所建立的组织最终使他垮了台。The organization he had built up eventually became the instrument of his downfall.能够让你幸福,我愿意付出我的一切。If I can be the instrument of your happiness, I will sacrifice all my belongings.3. it was t

15、he memory / memories of 追溯到 (回忆类经典句)Perhaps it was the memories of the 1964 Tokyo Olympics and the 1988 Seoul Olympics, which were considered turning points in their nations development.追溯到1964年东京及1988年汉城举办的奥运会,可能分别被视为日韩两国发展的转折点。It was the memory of 1945 Hiroshima and Nagasaki suffered from the atta

16、cks of atomic bomb, from which originated the term of Zero Ground.追溯到1945年广岛和长崎遭受原子弹攻击,从而形成了“零地带”这个术语。4. on the premise / ground / prerequisite / proposition / hypothesis / presuposition that 基于一个前提 (假设类经典句)中国政府在宣布实行和平统一的方针时,是基于一个前提,即当时的台湾当局坚持世界上只有一个中国,台湾是中国的一部分。The Chinese declared to implement the

17、 policy of peaceful reunification on the premise that the then Taiwan authorities maintained that there is only one China in the world and Taiwan is only one part of China.Advice to investors was based on the premise that interest rates would continue to fall.对投资者的建议是以利率会继续下跌为根据的。5. be bound to 必定;一

18、定 (意愿类经典句)西部大开发一定能成为沟通世界各国和中国的一座桥梁,促进中国和世界经济共同发展,共同繁荣。The Great Western Development is bound to be a bridge between China and the rest world, promoting the common economic development and prosperity of China and the world at large.Just wars are bound to triumph over wars of aggression.正义战争必然要战胜侵略战争。

19、6. a matter of sth/doing sth 与有关的情况或问题(描述类经典句)Considering the following statements, made by the same man eight years apart. Eventually, being poor wont be as much a matter of living in a poor country as it will be a matter of having poor skills.请思考一下同一个人现在及八年前说的话。“说到底,贫穷与其说是生活在贫穷的国家里,还不如说是技艺不精。”Deal

20、ing with these problems is all a matter of experience.处理这些问题全凭经验。7. This is the similar case with/when 这恰如;正如;也会 (比较类经典句)这恰如我们虽然看不懂莫扎特乐曲的总谱,却照样能同它的主旋律产生共鸣,击节称赞。This is the similar case when the main melody can evoke a strong echo for us to clap our hands in admiration despite our disability to under

21、stand the score of Mozarts musical pieces.除此以外,老百姓的服务性消费,如教育,信息,旅游等消费也会大量增长。Besides, this is also the case with the citizens expenditure such as education, information, traveling.8. be exemplified by 这一点也证明了;这点反映在以下事实: (举例类经典句)This American desire to keep the childrens world separate from that of th

22、e adult is exemplified also by the practice of delaying transmission of the news to children when their parents have been killed in an accident.如果父母在事故中丧生,人们总是晚些时候才告诉孩子们,这一点也证实了美国人想把儿童的世界和成人的世界隔离开的愿望。美国人想把儿童和成人的世界划清界限,这一愿望还反映在以下事实:如果父母在事故中丧生,人们总是设法晚点将消息告诉他们的子女。The manual worker is usually quite at e

23、ase in any company. This is partly explained by the fact that people of all income groups go together to the same schools.体力劳动者在任何场合通常都相当自在。收入档次不同的人上同一所学校,这个事实多少说明了这一点。9. constitute (不用于进行式)是;认为 (判断类经典句)历史雄辩地说明,中美之间建立在平等互利基础上的劳动分工是最为合理和实用的国际关系。History has proved eloquently that the division of labor

24、 based on equality and mutual benefit between China and USA constitutes the most reasonable and practical international relationship.My decision does not constitute a precedent.我的决定不应视为先例。The defeat constitutes a major set-back for our diplomacy.这一失败是我们外交上的一次较大的挫折。10. witness 见证 (发生类经典句)a time or ev

25、ent witnesses sth / sb in a particular situation or doing a particular thing.经过二十多年的快速发展,中国西部地区已奠定了一定的物质技术基础,社会保持稳定,市场经济体制正在逐步建立和完善,为西部经济持续快速增长创造了有利的市场环境。The rapid development in the past 20-plus years witnesses a relatively solid foundation in terms of material wealth and technology in the western

26、region of China在下一轮的会谈中,我们将宣布中东地区永久停火协议,对此我抱有乐观态度并充满希望。I am optimistic and hopeful that the next round of talk will witness a permanent cease-fire in the Middle East.一、 缩略词英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高,如IMP: important, ASAP: as soon as possible。很显然如果能熟练掌握缩略词,会对考试大有裨益。缩略词的写法一般为四种方式:F拿掉所有元音MKT: marketMGR: manager MS

27、G: messageSTD: standardRCV: receive F保留前几个字母INFO informationINS insurance EXCH exchangeI owe you IOUIn stead of I/OF保留开头和结尾个发音字母WK weekRM roomPL peopleF根据发音R areTHO thoughTHRU through 高级口译听力常用英语缩略词表缩略词 原词APT ApartmentACC AccountantACDG AccordingACPT AcceptAD AdvertisementADS AddressADV AdviceAMAP As

28、 much/many as possibleAMT AmountAPV ApproveASAP As soon as possibleBAL BalanceBLDG BuildingCERT CertificateCFM ConformCNCL CancelCNF ConferenceCMI CommissionCMP CompleteCMPE Compete/competitiveCMU CommunicationCONC Concern/concerning/concernedCOND ConditionCO. CompanyDEPT DepartmentDISC DiscountDPT

29、DepartureEXCH ExchangeEXPLN ExplainEXT ExtentFLT FlightFNT FinalFRT FreightFYR For your referenceGD GoodGUAR GuaranteeH.O. Home officeINFO InformationIMPS ImpossibleIMP(T) ImportantINCD IncludeINDIV IndividualINS InsuranceINTST InterestedI/O In stead ofIOU I owe youIVO In view ofMANUF ManufactureMDL

30、 ModelMEMO MemorandumMGR MangerMIN MinimumMKT MarketMSG MessageNCRY NecessaryNLT No later thanOBS ObserveOBT ObtainORD OrdinaryPAT PatentPC PiecePKG PackingPL PeoplePLS PleasePOSN PositionPOSS(BL) PossiblePROD ProductQLTY QualityQUTY QuantityRCV ReceiveREF ReferenceREGL RegularREP RepresentativeRESN

31、 ReservationRPT RepeatRESPON ResponsibleSEC SectionSITN SituationSTD StandardTEL TelephoneTEMP TemporaryTGM TelegraphTHO ThoughTKS ThanksTRD TradeTRF TrafficTTL TotalU YouUR YourWK WeekWL WillWT WeightXL Extra large 二、 字母、图像Z 表示人people/person,因为Z看上去像个人头,它通常被写在一个词或符号的右上角。例如:日本人:JZ。C 表示政府,统治:government,govern 希腊字母C读/ga:ma/,近似government, 所以就用C来表示govern, government。

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