考研系列 考研英语阅读常见一词多义.docx

1、考研系列 考研英语阅读常见一词多义2013年考研系列考研英语阅读常见一词多义act, appeal, assume, claim, discipline, fair, figure, feature, issue, note1) Actn. 法案, 法令 动作, 举动 节目, (戏剧的) 幕v. 行动, 产生.的效果 担当 表演, 表现, 见效 (07-01) this success, coupled with later research showing that memory itself is not genetically determined, led Ericsson to co

2、nclude that the act of memorizing is more of a cognitive exercise than an intuitive one. （名）行为 这一成功，连同后来证明的记忆本身不是遗传决定的研究，使得埃里克森得出结论，即记忆过程是一种认知练习，而不是一种本能练习。 (07-04) Regulators will act if firms fail to provide adequate data security.（动）行动 如果公司没有提供适当的信息安全保护措施，那么监管人员就会采取行动。 (06-01) this turned shopping

3、 into a public and democratic act. （名）行为 这使得购物成为一种大众的、民主的行为 (96-02) The commercial TV channels ITV and Channel 4 were required by the Thatcher Governments Broadcasting Act to become more commercial, competing with each other for advertisers, and cutting costs and jobs. （名）法案 商业电视频道ITV和第四频道应撒切尔政府广播法案

4、的要求进行商业化，彼此竞争广告业务，降低成本，裁减员工。2) Appealn. 请求, 呼吁 上诉 吸引力 (appealing: 有吸引力的)v. 求助, 诉求 控诉 (03-03) Shippers who feel they are being overcharged have the right to appeal to the federal governments Surface Transportation Board for rate relief, but the process is expensive, time consuming, and will work only

5、 in truly extreme cases. （动）上诉 如果客户感到他们被多收费，他们有权上诉到联邦政府的“陆路运输局”以争取价格下调。但这个过程耗财、耗时，并且只有在真正极端特殊的情况下才有作用。 (99-04) NBAC members also indicated that they would appeal to privately funded researchers and clinics not to try to clone humans by body cell nuclear transfer.（动词）呼吁 NBAC的成员明确表示，他们呼吁由私人提供资金的研究人员和机

6、构不要试图通过人体细胞核转移去克隆人。3) Assume /Assumptionv/n: 假定, 设想 采取 呈现 承担 (05-01) Such behavior is regarded as “all too human”, with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance. （名）假定，假设 这种行为被看作是“人之长情”，其潜在的假定其他动物不可能具有如此高度发达的不公平意识。 (98-02) What is

7、harder to establish is whether the productivity revolution that businessmen assume they are presiding over is for real. （动）认为 商人们自认为的他们所领导的生产力革命是否确有其事，这一点更加难以确定。 (97-02) As is true of any developed society, in America a complex set of cultural signals, assumptions, and conventions underlies all soci

8、al interrelationships.（名）信念，假定 同任何发达国家一样，一系列复杂的文化特征，信念和习俗构成了美国所有社会交往的基础。4) Claimv/n: 索赔 声称 主张 (05-01) If you see an article consistently advertised, it is the surest proof I know that the article does what is claimed for it, and that it represents good value. （动）宣称 如果你看到一种商品不断地打广告，我认为这是最可靠的证明，即此商品一定

9、与其宣传名副其实，一定体现良好的价值。 (05-04) Equally, in poetry, the highly personal, performative genre is the only form that could claim real liveliness. （动）主张同样的，对于诗歌来说，非常个性化和富有表现力的创作风格成为了能够表达真实生动含义的唯一形式。 (01-05) A lateral move that hurt my pride and blocked my professional progress prompted me to abandon my rela

10、tively high profile career although, in the manner of a disgraced government minister, I covered my exit by claiming I wanted to spend more time with my family.（动）主张 一次平调伤了我的自尊心，并阻断了我的事业发展，这促使我放弃自己地位较高的职业，当然，就像面子扫尽的政府部长那样，我也掩饰性地声称“我只想与家人更多的呆在一起”。 (00-05) In an odd way, however, it is the educated wh

11、o have claimed to have give up on ambition as an ideal. （动）声称 然而，恰恰是那些受过良好教育的人却不可思议地声称他们已经放弃了雄心壮志这一理想。 (99-01) As personal injury claims continue as before, some courts are beginning to side with defendants, especially in cases where a warning label probably wouldnt have changed anything. （名）索赔 尽管个人

12、伤害的索赔一如既往地继续着，但有些法庭已开始站到被告一方，特别是在处理那些有警示语也无法避免伤害的案件时。 (99-05) He has put forward unquestioned claims so consistently that he not only believes them himself, but has convinced industrial and business management that they are true. （名）主张 他所提出的种种主张是如此不容置疑、如此一致，以至于不仅他自己相信了，而且也说服了工商界的管理者相信其正确性。5) Discipl

13、inen.纪律 学科n/v.训练 (96-03) The cruel discipline of the strike and lockout taught the two parties to respect each others strength and understand the value of fair negotiation. （名）纪律 罢工和封厂的严酷惩罚使双方学会了互相尊重对方的力量，理解公正谈判的价值。 (96-04) With a mind prepared by thorough school discipline, the American boy develop

14、s rapidly into the skilled workman. （名）训练 由于有了学校彻底训练过的头脑，美国孩子迅速地成为技术熟练的工人。6) Fairadj. (肤色)白皙的 (头发)金黄的 干净的 公平的 (天气)晴朗的n. 展览会, 市集 (07-03) During the past generation, the American middle-class family that once could count on hard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure had been transformed

15、 by economic risk and new realties. （形容词）公平的 在过去的十几年里，美国那些曾经可以依靠辛勤劳动和公平竞争以维持其收入稳定的中产阶层家庭被经济风险和新现实改变了。 (03-02) For example, a grandmotherly woman staffing an animal rights booth at a recent street fair was distributing a brochure that encouraged readers not to use anything that comes from or is teste

16、d in animals no meat, no fur, no medicines. （名）集市 例如，在近期的一次集市上，一位老奶奶站在动物权利宣传点前散发小册子，规劝人们不要使用动物制品和动物实验制品肉类，毛皮，药物。7) Featuren.特色,特征 特写 容貌,v.是.的特色 特写,突出 放映 起重要作用 (07-02) For the past several years, the Sunday newspaper supplement Parade has featured a column called “Ask Marilyn.” （动）特定，突出 在过去的几年，星期日报的增

17、刊漫步专门开设了一个名为“询问玛丽琳”的专栏。 (06-04) Our magazines feature beaming celebrities and happy families in perfect homes. （动）特定，突出 我们的杂志突出刊登满面春风的名人和美满幸福的家庭。 (04-01) Its an interactive feature that lets visitors key in job criteria such as location, title, and salary, then E-mails them when a matching position

18、is posted in the database. （名）特点，特征 它的特点是互动，允许访问者自定求职要求诸如工作地点、职位和薪水，当资料库里出现与个人要求相匹配的工作岗位时它就会通过电子邮件通知求职者。 (98-05) The complementary coastlines and certain geological features that seem to span the ocean are reminders of where the two continents were once joined. （名）特点，特征 但互相吻合的海岸线和某些似乎跨越海洋的地质特征会使人想到这

19、两个大陆曾经是连在一起的。8) Figuren. 外形, 轮廓, 体形 图形, 画像 数字 名人, 人物, 身份 雕像vt. 认为 出现, 考虑, 计算 (figure out) (07-02) Its not obvious how the capacity to visualize objects and to figure out numerical patterns suits one to answer questions that have eluded some of the best poets and philosophers. （动）计算 有些问题连一些最杰出的诗人和哲学家

20、都难以回答，但是想象物体和计算数字模式的能力却能使人找出答案，其中原因并不为人所知。 (06-03) Dr. Worm acknowledges that these figures are conservative. （名）数字 Worm博士承认这些数字还只是保守数字(05-04) American no longer expect public figures, whether in speech or in writing, to command the English language with skill and gift. （名）人物 美国人已不再期待公众人物在演讲或写作中能运用技

21、巧和文采来驾驭英语。 (98-04) As a result, Californias growth rate dropped during the 1970s, to percent little more than two-thirds the 1960s growth figure and considerably below that of other Western states. （名）数字 结果，加利福尼亚的人口增长率在70年代降到了略高于60年代增长数字的2/3，但大大低于西部其他各州。9) Issuen.出版, 发行 (报刊等)期、号 问题,事件 (水, 血等的)流出v.发行

22、, 流出 发行(钞票等), 发布(命令), 出版(书等) (07-04) “Setting the proper investment level for security, redundancy, and recovery is a management issue, not a technical one,” he says. （名）问题 他表示“为安全、备份以及恢复确定适当的投资标准是一个管理问题，不是技术问题。” (06-01) Are there divisive issues and pockets of seething anger in America? Indeed. It

23、is big enough to have a bit of everything. （名）问题在美国是否存在分裂的问题和高涨的愤怒？答案是肯定的，因为这个国家足够大以至于什么现象都存在。 (99-01) At the same time, the American Law Institute a group of judges, lawyers, and academics whose recommendations carry substantial weight issued new guidelines for tort law stating that companies need

24、not warn customers of obvious dangers or bombard them with a lengthy list of possible ones. （动）发行，发布 与此同时，美国法学会该学会由一群举足轻重的法官、律师、学者所组成发布了新的民事侵害法纲要，宣布公司不必警示顾客那些显而易见的危险，或者给顾客列出一份冗长的可能造成的危险的清单。 (94-02) One hundred and thirteen million Americans have at least one bank-issued credit card. （动）发行 亿美国人的手中至少持

25、有一张银行发行的信用卡。10) Noten. 笔记 注解, 注释 票据 纸币 音符涵义，暗示v. 注意到，指出 记录 (07-02) Sternberg notes that traditional test best assess analytical and verbal skills but fail to measure creativity and practical knowledge, components also critical to problem solving and life success. （动）注意到，指出 Sternberg指出，传统的测试最恰当地评估了分析

26、能力和语言表达能力，但没有测量创造性和实际知识，这些也是解决问题和在生活中取得成功的关键因素。 (00-03) But it is a little upsetting to read in the explanatory notes that a certain line describes a fight between a Turkish and a Bulgarian officer on a bridge（名）注解 但是读到一句描写战斗的诗行的注解时，则令人有点生厌，注解中说该诗描写了一名土耳其军官和一名保加利亚军官在一座桥上发生的搏斗 (00-05) There is a heav

27、y note of hypocrisy in this, a case of closing the barn door after the horses have escaped with the educated themselves riding on them.（名）涵义，暗示 这其中有着浓厚的虚伪色彩，恰如马跑后再关上马厩的门那样，受过良好教育的人自己正骑在那些马背上。考研英语阅读常见熟词僻义address, diet, cause, novel, realize, stop, sound, firm, might, weather, panel, keep, promise, bu

28、y, catch, game, slip, tap, ground, lean, anchor, chair, nature, spell, stress, trust, policy1) Address熟义：n.地址 僻义：v.向.致辞, 演说 (02-01) Depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will be different.根据与你谈话的不同对象，问题也有所不同2) Diet熟义：n. 饮食习惯 僻义：n. 减肥,瘦身；议会 (00-01) American industry has changed its struc

29、ture, has gone on a diet, has learnt to be more quick-witted.美国的工业已经改变了结构，学会了明智3) Cause熟义：n./v. 原因，导致 僻义：n. 事业，理想，目标 (03-02) One such cause now seeks to end biomedical research because of the theory that animals have rights ruling out their use in research.一个这样的事业现在正在寻求终止生物医学的研究，因为有这样一种理论说，动物享有权利禁止它

30、们被用于实验。4) Novel熟义：n. 小说 僻义：adj. 新颖的 (00-03) (第60题题干) When a novel literary idea appears, people should try to determine its purposes当一种新的文学理念出现时，人们应该试着去了解它的意图。5) Realize熟义：v. 意识到 僻义：v. 实现，发挥 (03-04) Former Colorado governor Richard Lamm has been quoted as saying that the old and infirm have a duty t

31、o die and get out of the way, so that younger, healthier people can realize their potential.据说，Colorado州前州长Richard Lamm曾经说，老年多病者“有责任死去和让位”，以让更年轻、更健康的人们去发挥他们的潜能。6) Stop熟义：n./v. 停止 僻义：n. 句号 (00-03) We must pour out a large stream of essential words, unhampered by stops, or qualifying adjectives, or fi

32、nite verbs.我们必须大量使用基本词汇，摆脱句号，修饰性形容词及限定动词的羁绊。7) Sound熟义 n. 声音, 语音, 噪音 v. 听起来僻义adj. 健全的, 合理的, 有效彻底的, 健康的 （sound and safe: 安然无恙） (05-02) If we are ever going to protect the atmosphere, it is crucial that those new plants be environmentally sound.如果我们准备保护大气，关键要让这些新发电厂对环境无害。8) Firm熟义 adj. 结实的，稳固的 僻义 n. 公司，商号 (07-04) Until Cali