单片机课设 电子万年历.docx

1、单片机课设 电子万年历单片机原理及应用课程设计题 目： 万年历设计 姓 名： 学 号： 系 别： 专 业： 年 级： 2008 起讫日期： 2010.11.22 2010.12.3 指导教师： 职 称： 目 录1.设计概述12.硬件电路图33.软件设计53.1流程图53.2程序74. 结论4.1测试结果124.2遇到问题125.3如何解决125.参考文献13附录：电路图15组员分工141、 设计概述单片机就是微控制器，是面向应用对象设计、突出控制功能的芯片。单片机接上晶振、复位电路和相应的接口电路，装载软件后就可以构成单片机应用系统。将它嵌入到形形色色的应用系统中，就构成了众多产品、设备的智能

2、化核心。本设计就是应用单片机强大的控制功能制作而成的电子万年历，该电子万年历包括三大功能：实时显示年、月、日、时、分、秒、周期。本设计采用的是AT89S52单片机，该单片机采用的MCU51内核，因此具有很好的兼容性，内部带有8KB的ROM，能够存储大量的程序。计时芯片采用DALLAS公司的涓细充电时钟芯片DS1302，该芯片通过简单的串行通信与单片机进行通信，时钟/日历电路能够实时提供年、月、日、时分、秒信息。显示器件采用通用型1602液晶，可显示32个字符，如果使用数码管来做显示器件需消耗大量的系统资源，因此采用低功耗的1602液晶，该液晶显示方便，功能强大，完全能满足数字万年历的显示要求。

3、综上各方案所述,对此次作品的方案选定: 采用AT89S52作为主控制系统; DS1302提供时钟;LCD液晶显示屏作为显示。 通过此次设计能够更加牢固的掌握单片机的应用技术，增强动手能力、硬件设计能力以及软件设计能力。2、硬件电路图1.时钟芯片2.LCD1602液晶显示屏3.单片机芯片C523、软件设计3.1流程图主程序流程图3.2程序#include #include /#include LCD1602.h/#include DS1302.h#define uint unsigned int#define uchar unsigned charsbit DS1302_CLK = P17; /

4、实时时钟时钟线引脚 sbit DS1302_IO = P16; /实时时钟数据线引脚 sbit DS1302_RST = P15; /实时时钟复位线引脚sbit ACC0 = ACC0;sbit ACC7 = ACC7;char hide_sec,hide_min,hide_hour,hide_day,hide_week,hide_month,hide_year; /秒,分,时到日,月,年位闪的计数sbit Set = P20; /模式切换键sbit Up = P21; /加法按钮sbit Down = P22; /减法按钮sbit out = P23; /立刻跳出调整模式按钮char don

5、e,count,temp,flag,up_flag,down_flag;uchar TempBuffer5,week_value2;void show_time(); /液晶显示程序/*1602液晶显示部分子程序*/Port Definitions*sbit LcdRs = P25;sbit LcdRw = P26;sbit LcdEn = P27;sfr DBPort = 0x80; /P0=0x80,P1=0x90,P2=0xA0,P3=0xB0.数据端口 /内部等待函数/*unsigned char LCD_Wait(void)LcdRs=0;LcdRw=1; _nop_();LcdEn

6、=1; _nop_(); LcdEn=0;return DBPort; /向LCD写入命令或数据/*#define LCD_COMMAND 0 / Command#define LCD_DATA 1 / Data#define LCD_CLEAR_SCREEN 0x01 / 清屏#define LCD_HOMING 0x02 / 光标返回原点void LCD_Write(bit style, unsigned char input)LcdEn=0;LcdRs=style;LcdRw=0; _nop_();DBPort=input; _nop_();/注意顺序LcdEn=1; _nop_();/

7、注意顺序LcdEn=0; _nop_();LCD_Wait(); /设置显示模式*#define LCD_SHOW 0x04 /显示开#define LCD_HIDE 0x00 /显示关 #define LCD_CURSOR 0x02 /显示光标#define LCD_NO_CURSOR 0x00 /无光标 #define LCD_FLASH 0x01 /光标闪动#define LCD_NO_FLASH 0x00 /光标不闪动void LCD_SetDisplay(unsigned char DisplayMode)LCD_Write(LCD_COMMAND, 0x08|DisplayMode

8、); /设置输入模式*#define LCD_AC_UP 0x02#define LCD_AC_DOWN 0x00 / default#define LCD_MOVE 0x01 / 画面可平移#define LCD_NO_MOVE 0x00 /defaultvoid LCD_SetInput(unsigned char InputMode)LCD_Write(LCD_COMMAND, 0x04|InputMode);/初始化LCD*void LCD_Initial()LcdEn=0; LCD_Write(LCD_COMMAND,0x38); /8位数据端口,2行显示,5*7点阵 LCD_Wri

9、te(LCD_COMMAND,0x38); LCD_SetDisplay(LCD_SHOW|LCD_NO_CURSOR); /开启显示, 无光标 LCD_Write(LCD_COMMAND,LCD_CLEAR_SCREEN); /清屏 LCD_SetInput(LCD_AC_UP|LCD_NO_MOVE); /AC递增, 画面不动/液晶字符输入的位置* void GotoXY(unsigned char x, unsigned char y)if(y=0)LCD_Write(LCD_COMMAND,0x80|x); if(y=1)LCD_Write(LCD_COMMAND,0x80|(x-0x

10、40);/将字符输出到液晶显示void Print(unsigned char *str)while(*str!=0) LCD_Write(LCD_DATA,*str);str+;/*DS1302时钟部分子程序*/typedef struct _SYSTEMTIME_ unsigned char Second; unsigned char Minute; unsigned char Hour; unsigned char Week; unsigned char Day; unsigned char Month; unsigned char Year; unsigned char DateStr

11、ing11; unsigned char TimeString9;SYSTEMTIME; /定义的时间类型SYSTEMTIME CurrentTime;#define AM(X) X#define PM(X) (X+12) / 转成24小时制#define DS1302_SECOND 0x80 /时钟芯片的寄存器位置,存放时间#define DS1302_MINUTE 0x82#define DS1302_HOUR 0x84 #define DS1302_WEEK 0x8A#define DS1302_DAY 0x86#define DS1302_MONTH 0x88#define DS130

12、2_YEAR 0x8C void DS1302InputByte(unsigned char d) /实时时钟写入一字节(内部函数) unsigned char i;ACC = d; for(i=8; i0; i-) DS1302_IO = ACC0; /相当于汇编中的 RRC DS1302_CLK = 1; DS1302_CLK = 0; ACC = ACC 1; unsigned char DS1302OutputByte(void) /实时时钟读取一字节(内部函数) unsigned char i; for(i=8; i0; i-) ACC = ACC 1; /相当于汇编中的 RRC A

13、CC7 = DS1302_IO; DS1302_CLK = 1;DS1302_CLK = 0; return(ACC); void Write1302(unsigned char ucAddr, unsigned char ucDa) /ucAddr: DS1302地址, ucData: 要写的数据 DS1302_RST = 0; DS1302_CLK = 0; DS1302_RST = 1; DS1302InputByte(ucAddr); / 地址，命令 DS1302InputByte(ucDa); / 写1Byte数据 DS1302_CLK = 1; DS1302_RST = 0; un

14、signed char Read1302(unsigned char ucAddr) /读取DS1302某地址的数据 unsigned char ucData; DS1302_RST = 0; DS1302_CLK = 0; DS1302_RST = 1; DS1302InputByte(ucAddr|0x01); / 地址，命令 ucData = DS1302OutputByte(); / 读1Byte数据 DS1302_CLK = 1; DS1302_RST = 0; return(ucData);void DS1302_GetTime(SYSTEMTIME *Time) /获取时钟芯片的

15、时钟数据到自定义的结构型数组unsigned char ReadValue; ReadValue = Read1302(DS1302_SECOND); Time-Second = (ReadValue&0x70)4)*10 + (ReadValue&0x0F); ReadValue = Read1302(DS1302_MINUTE); Time-Minute = (ReadValue&0x70)4)*10 + (ReadValue&0x0F); ReadValue = Read1302(DS1302_HOUR); Time-Hour = (ReadValue&0x70)4)*10 + (Rea

16、dValue&0x0F); ReadValue = Read1302(DS1302_DAY); Time-Day = (ReadValue&0x70)4)*10 + (ReadValue&0x0F); ReadValue = Read1302(DS1302_WEEK); Time-Week = (ReadValue&0x70)4)*10 + (ReadValue&0x0F); ReadValue = Read1302(DS1302_MONTH); Time-Month = (ReadValue&0x70)4)*10 + (ReadValue&0x0F); ReadValue = Read130

17、2(DS1302_YEAR); Time-Year = (ReadValue&0x70)4)*10 + (ReadValue&0x0F); void DateToStr(SYSTEMTIME *Time) /将时间年,月,日,星期数据转换成液晶显示字符串,放到数组里DateString if(hide_year2) /这里的if,else语句都是判断位闪烁,2就不显示,输出字符串为 2007/07/22 Time-DateString0 = 2; Time-DateString1 = 0; Time-DateString2 = Time-Year/10 + 0; Time-DateString

18、3 = Time-Year%10 + 0; else Time-DateString0 = ; Time-DateString1 = ; Time-DateString2 = ; Time-DateString3 = ; Time-DateString4 = /; if(hide_monthDateString5 = Time-Month/10 + 0; Time-DateString6 = Time-Month%10 + 0; else Time-DateString5 = ; Time-DateString6 = ; Time-DateString7 = /; if(hide_dayDat

19、eString8 = Time-Day/10 + 0; Time-DateString9 = Time-Day%10 + 0; elseTime-DateString8 = ;Time-DateString9 = ; if(hide_weekWeek%10 + 0; /星期的数据另外放到 week_value数组里,跟年,月,日的分开存放,因为等一下要在最后显示 else week_value0 = ; week_value1 = 0; Time-DateString10 = 0; /字符串末尾加 0 ,判断结束字符 void TimeToStr(SYSTEMTIME *Time) /将时,分

20、,秒数据转换成液晶显示字符放到数组 TimeString; if(hide_hourTimeString0 = Time-Hour/10 + 0; Time-TimeString1 = Time-Hour%10 + 0; else Time-TimeString0 = ;Time-TimeString1 = ; Time-TimeString2 = :;if(hide_minTimeString3 = Time-Minute/10 + 0; Time-TimeString4 = Time-Minute%10 + 0; else Time-TimeString3 = ;Time-TimeStri

21、ng4 = ; Time-TimeString5 = :; if(hide_secTimeString6 = Time-Second/10 + 0; Time-TimeString7 = Time-Second%10 + 0; elseTime-TimeString6 = ;Time-TimeString7 = ; Time-DateString8 = 0;void Initial_DS1302(void) /时钟芯片初始化 unsigned char Second=Read1302(DS1302_SECOND); if(Second&0x80) /判断时钟芯片是否关闭 Write1302(0

22、x8e,0x00); /写入允许 Write1302(0x8c,0x07); /以下写入初始化时间 日期:07/07/25.星期: 3. 时间: 23:59:55 Write1302(0x88,0x07);Write1302(0x86,0x25); Write1302(0x8a,0x07);Write1302(0x84,0x23);Write1302(0x82,0x59); Write1302(0x80,0x55);Write1302(0x8e,0x80); /禁止写入 void Delay1ms(unsigned int count)unsigned int i,j;for(i=0;icou

23、nt;i+)for(j=0;j0;delay-)for(i=0;i0x59) /超过59秒,清零 temp=0; break; case 2:temp=Read1302(DS1302_MINUTE); /读取分数 temp=temp+1; /分数加1up_flag=1;if(temp0x59) /超过59分,清零temp=0;break;case 3: temp=Read1302(DS1302_HOUR); /读取小时数temp=temp+1; /小时数加1up_flag=1;if(temp0x23) /超过23小时,清零 temp=0; break; case 4: temp=Read130

24、2(DS1302_WEEK); /读取星期数 temp=temp+1; /星期数加1 up_flag=1; if(temp0x7) temp=1; break; case 5: temp=Read1302(DS1302_DAY); /读取日数 temp=temp+1; /日数加1 up_flag=1; if(temp0x31) temp=1; break; case 6: temp=Read1302(DS1302_MONTH); /读取月数 temp=temp+1; /月数加1 up_flag=1; if(temp0x12) temp=1; break; case 7: temp=Read1302(DS1302_YEAR); /读取年数 temp=temp+1; /年数加1 up_flag=1; if(temp0x85) temp=0; break; default:b