高三英语高考前必背材料汇总.docx

1、高三英语高考前必背材料汇总衡水市第十四中学高三英语复习资料高三英语高考前必背材料汇总第一类 高考英语单词陷阱No one can degrade us except ourselves; that if we are worthy, no influence can defeat us. (B.T.Washington, American educator)除了我们自己以外，没有人能贬低我们。如果我们坚强，就没有什么不良影响能够打败我们。一、一个星期七天1.Monday 2.Tuesday 3.Wednesday 4.Thursday 5. Friday 6. Saturday 7. Sund

2、ay二、一年十二个月1.January 2.February 3. March 4. April 5. May 6.June 7.July 8.August .September 10.October 11. November12. December三、一年四季1.spring2.summer 3. autumn4. winter四、容易拼写错的数字eighth第八 ninth第九 forty四十 twelfth第十二 twentieth第二十五、亲属称呼daughter (女儿) niece (女性晚辈) nephew (男性晚辈) cousin (同辈兄弟姐妹) aunt (女性长辈) u

3、ncle (男性长辈)六、以下动词加-ed或-ing要双写最后一个字母regret (regretted, regretting) 后悔 control (controlled, controlling) 控制 admit (admitted, admitting) 承认 occur (occurred, occurring) 出现 prefer(preferred,preferring) 愿 refer (referred, referring) 提到 forget (forgetting ) 忘记 permit (permitted, permitting)允许 equip (equipp

4、ed, equipping) 装备注意：quarrel, signal, travel中的l可双写（英国英语）也可不双写（美国英语）七、部分过去式和过去分词不规则变化的动词broadcast (broadcast, broadcast) 广播 flee (fled, fled) 逃跑 forbid (forbade, forbidden) 禁止 forgive (forgave, forgiven) 原谅 freeze (froze, frozen) 结冰 hang (作“绞死”讲，是规则的；作“悬挂”讲，其过去式过去分词都是hung) lie (作“说谎”讲时，是规则的；作“位于”讲时，其过

5、去式是lay，过去分词是lain) seek (sought, sought) 寻求 shake (shook, shaken) 发抖 sing (sang, sung) 唱歌 sink (sank, sunk/sunken) 下沉 spread (spread, spread)传播 swim (swam, swum)游泳tear (tore, torn) 撕碎 weave (wove, woven) 编织八、意思相近的词check / examine/ test receive / accept destroy /damage celebrate/ congratulate wear / d

6、ress scare/ frighten disturb/ worry . huge/ very large valuable/ precious significance / importance fortunately/ luckily merely/ only occupation/a job thin /slim extremly/very九、注意形容词变名词时的拼写变化longlength 长度 widewidth 宽度 highheight 高度 strongstrength力量十、以-ic结尾的动词，应先把-ic变为-ick，再加ing或edpicnic (picnicked,

7、picnicking) 野餐 十一、个别名词的复数拼写German (Germans) 德国人 gulf (gulfs) 海湾 handkerchief (handkerchiefs/ves) 手帕 hero (英雄)，potato (土豆)，tomato (西红柿) 等有生命的以-o结尾的名词变复数时要加-es。 roof (roofs) 房顶stomach 胃 (其复数是stomachs而不是加es)十二、注意动词变名词时的拼写变化succeedsuccess成功 pronouncepronunciation 发音 explainexplanation解释decidedecision 决定

8、 enterentrance进入permitpermission 允许refuserefusal 拒绝considerconsideration 考虑discoverdiscovery 发现 buryburial 埋葬concludeconclusion 得出结论arrivearrival 到weighweight 重量十三、注意形容词变副词时的拼写变化beautifulbeautifully 美丽的possiblepossibly 可能的practicalpractically 实际的particularparticularly 特别的successfulsuccessfully 成功的第二

9、类 高考英语经典十口诀名人名言I might say that success is won by three things: first, effort; second, more effort; third, still more effort. Thomas Hardy, British poet and novelist 可以说成功要靠三件事才能赢得：努力、努力、再努力。英国诗人、小说家哈代.T.口诀1要求跟不定式的动词 “要想干，同意办，愿意不愿意，决定尽量干。” a要求，想要，希望(want, wish, hope, expect, intend, mean) b同意(agree,

10、 promise) c意愿(care, hate, refuse) d决定，企图(determine, decide, offer, attempt, try, manage)口诀2 要求跟随动名词的动词 (1)“megafeps”(霉咖啡不吃),mind, miss, enjoy, give up, admit, avoid, finish, escape, practise. (2)“makes (a) fit speech”mind,avoid,keep,enjoy,suggest/finish,imagine,thinkabout,spend,practise,excuse,escap

11、e,cant help口诀3有些动词跟不定式作宾语补足语时省去了to，其口诀是：一觉二听三让四看,五观察。一觉：feel 二听：hear、listen to三让：let、have、make 四看：notice、see、watch、look at 五观察: observe倒装口诀口诀4 i drop caps” 在某些表示请求、命令、建议等动词后面的宾语从句中，谓语动词要用动词原形或should+动词原形。 iinsist, ddemand, rrequest/require/recommend, oorder, ppropose, ccommand, aadvise, ppreqersic,

12、ssuggest.口诀5有些动词用过去完成时，常表示“想做而未做”的意思。可巧记其首字为组成的“withspem”，代表：wish,intend,think,hipe,suppose,plan,expect,mean口诀6例装副词开头要例装，人称代词则如常。 only修饰副介状，位于句首半倒装。否定意义副连词，“既不也不”须倒装。表语前置主语长，衔接自然常倒装。such代词做表语，引起主谓要倒装。Not only开头句，前一分句须倒装。had，were，should虚拟句，省略if半倒装。口诀7当名词有多个形容词修饰时，下面的口诀可帮你记住这一先后顺序。限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老；颜色国籍

13、跟材料，作用类别往后靠；(五好对长幼，红日照砖房)口诀8lie lay lain躺lay laid laid放下；产蛋lie lied lied撒谎，这几个词在拼写上很容易混淆，有人编了这样的口诀：规则的“撒谎”，不规则的“躺”，“躺”过就“下蛋”，“下蛋”不规则。“规则”指规则变化，“不规则”即不规则变化，如lie作“撒谎”解时，是规则变化，即其过去式和过去分词直接加-d；“躺过”的“过”指的是过去式，即lie的过去式lay是“下蛋”的原形；“下蛋”是不规则变化。口诀9分开“一段时间”， some time表示“一段时间”； 相聚“在某一时”，sometime表示“在某一时”； “有时”相聚

14、加s，sometimes表示“有时，不时”； “几次”分开带s，some times表示“几次，次数”。口诀10短文改错（一）见到谓语找主语，主谓一致找状语见到名词想多数，可不可数要记牢 见到平行看结构，形式功能要对称见到代词找指代，指代通常不合理 小小of常抓的点，of前名词adj最高级（二） 谓与非谓经常混谓语句中就一个 其余动词非谓语常见形式有三种Ving， ved 和to do 主宾通常ving 现在分词表主动过去分词表被动 目的要用不定式 改错要想拿高分 语法口诀要记牢高中英语常用重点句型（一）138. so, neither/ nor 引导得倒装句1 表示“另一者也如如此”及前者的

15、情况也适用于后者，用so, neither/ nor 引导得倒装句，助动词的选择依据前一句的谓语动词。 1). He has finished his homework, so have I. 2). My sister prefers coffee, so do I. 3). John cant ride a bicycle, neither/ nor can I. 4). If he buys the book, so will his classmates.2 若前句的谓语动词既有肯定又有否定形式时，或谓语动词不属于一类时，用It is /was the same with sb. 或

16、So it is/ was with sb.1). He is a worker and he works hard, so it is with John.3 若后一句是对前一句所说的内容表示赞同或认可，则主语和谓语不倒装。 1). -It is cold today. -Yes. So it is 2). -He visited Tokyo last week. - Yes. So he did.2What about/How about+名词/代词/doing sth,/副词/状语从句“该怎么办？做什么？”（用来征求对方意见或询问消息、提出建议等）What/How about going

17、 to France this summer? 夏天到法国去度假怎么样？3do as sb. does“照某人那样去做”You should do as the teacher tells you to . 你应该照你老师讲的那样去做。When in Rome do as the Romans do.入乡随俗。4、None of +名词/代词+do/does“在中没有任何一个做” None of the telephones can work。所有的电话都不能工作了。None of them are/is interested in physics.他们中没有一个人对物理感兴趣。5Not +a

18、ll+复数名词/不可数名词+are/is“并非全部”；“并不是所有的”Not all the parts of the car will be made in the factory.并不是所有的汽车部件都在这家工厂制造。Not all the students can pass the exam. 并非所有的同学都能通过考试。6、主语+系动词+the same as /the same as “和一样”如：The English teacher is the same age as my father.英语老师的年龄跟我父亲的一般大。 My friend looks the same as

19、before. 我朋友看起来没有多大变化。7主语+be about to do+when “正要做某事时” I was about to go to bed when there was a ring. 我正要睡觉，这时忽然电话铃响了。8What（a/an）+名词+主语+谓语！ How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！“多么;真是 What a bad sight it was! 多么凄惨的一幅景象啊！What dangerous fish they are!这些鱼真凶恶！What fine weather (it is)! /What a fine day (it is)! 多好的天气啊！How

20、silly the questions were! 那些问题真愚蠢！9Isnt it？/Dont you do？（否定疑问句用来表示对某事感到吃惊或责备） 如：Isnt it comfortable to sit in the Chinese chair? 坐在这把中国式的椅子上难道不舒服吗？Dont you see Im one of yours? 难道你看不出我是你们的同类吗？10There is nothing but/except“除了外别无其他”如：Under the soil there is nothing but/except sand. 土壤下面尽是沙子。 For miles

21、 and miles I could see nothing but/except a great fire and lots of smoke.绵延数英里，我们看到的尽是大火和浓烟。11It takes /took/will take+sb+some time+to dosth.“某人花多少时间做某事”如：It took 100 workers one month to complete the bridge. 100个工人花了一个月的时间建成了这座大桥。 It will take me an hour to do my homework. 我将花一小时的时间来做完家庭作业。12A isti

22、mes +形容词比较级/副词比较级+than B“A比B（大、小、高、低等）倍” The plane can travel many times faster than the train.飞机飞行的速度是火车的好几倍。13A is times as+形容词/副词+as B “A是B的倍”This year they produced ten times as much grain as they did 5 years ago.这一年他们生产的粮食是5年前的10倍。14主语+dont +think/believe/expect/imagine/suppose+宾语从句 “认为不会 否定的转移

23、。如：I dont think I will see Mary this morning.我认为今天早上我见不到玛丽。I dont suppose she will marry her daughter to you .我认为她不会把女儿嫁给你。15、主语+prefer+A to B“喜欢A而不喜欢B”；“喜欢A胜过喜欢B” 如：主语+prefer to do sth.喜欢做某事主语+prefer to do sth1.+rather than do sth 喜欢做事1胜过喜欢做事2主语+prefer doing sth1 to doing sth2喜欢做事1胜过喜欢做事2主语+prefer

24、sb to do st喜欢某人做某事I prefer walking along the country road to staying at home watching TV all the time.我喜欢沿着乡村道路散步，不喜欢呆在家中守着电视看个不停。She prefers chemistry to maths.他喜欢化学胜过数学。16Would you please do？“请你干某事好吗？”（委婉、客气地表示请求）如：Would you please read the letter in public? 你当众读读这封信，好吗？Would you please pass me th

25、e pictures? 请你递给我那些图片好吗？17主语+谓语+形容词比较级/副词比较级+and+形容词比较级/副词比较级“越来越 如：When spring comes, the day is getting longer and longer. 春天来了，白天变得越来越长。The kite is flying higher and higher风筝飞得越来越高了。18Why dont you do？“为什么你不？”Why not do？“为什么不？” You had better do“你最好还是”这三个句型用来向朋友提出忠告或建议。如Why dont you use your knife

26、?为什么不用你的刀子呢Why not just wear a flower?为什么不只戴一朵花呢？Youd better stay here for the night.你最好在这里过夜。19主语+find+it/its+形容词+不定式（短语）“发现做某事是的”如：He found it /its important to study the situation in Russia.他发现研究俄国的形势是很重要的。I find it/its very funny to wear such a hat.20Id like to do sth. “我很想做某事（用来礼貌地提出请求或表示愿意提供帮助

27、）”如：Would you like to help me with my English? 你能帮我学英语吗？ -Would you like to go to the cinema with me? 你想跟我去看电影吗？-Id like to .我愿意。21It is hoped that“希望”It is said / believed / supposed / reported /that据说人们相信”如：It is believed that at least 20 buildings were damaged or destroyed.人们相信至少有20座楼房遭到破坏或彻底摧毁。I

28、t was reported that more than 100 people had been killed in/by the fire.据报道，有100多人在那场大火中丧生。22Thats why“那就是为什么”Thats what/ when/ where “那就是的事情/的时候/的地方”如：Thats why she was praised. 那就是她受到表扬的原因。Thats where were asked to go. 这就是要求我们去的地方。23It is+形容词+for sb. to do sth. “某人做某事是”如：It is very easy for me to

29、work out the chemistry problem. 解出这道化学题对我来说很容易。It is important for us to master a foreign language. 我们掌握一门外语是很重要的。24Its kind /silly /good /wrong of sb. to do sth.“某人做某事是好心的/愚蠢的/好的/错的”如：Its wrong of you to look down upon the poor. 你看不起穷人是错误的。Its kind of you to say so.你这么说真是太好了。How are you getting on

30、(with your work /studies/ business /your classmates / your sister ) ?25. How are you getting on with你的工作/学习/生意怎么样？你与（某人）相处得怎么样？如：How are you getting on with your studies?你的学习情况如何？How are you getting on with XiaoWang? 你与小王相处得怎么样？26主语+find+名词+形容词+不定式（短语） “ 觉得/发现”如：I find idioms and expressions hard to learn. 我觉得习惯用语和成语难学。He found her hard to deal with. 他觉得她很难