国际经济与贸易题目英语版.docx

1、国际经济与贸易题目英语版CHAPTER 1THE INTERNATIONAL ECONOMYMULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS 1. A primary reason why nations conduct international trade is because:ba. Some nations prefer to produce one thing while others produce other thingsb. Resources are not equally distributed among all trading nationsc. Trade enha

2、nces opportunities to accumulate profitsd. Interest rates are not identical in all trading nations 2. A main advantage of specialization results from:aa. Economies of large-scale productionb. The specializing country behaving as a monopolyc. Smaller production runs resulting in lower unit costsd. Hi

3、gh wages paid to foreign workers 3. International trade in goods and services is sometimes used as a substitute for all of the following except:da. International movements of capitalb. International movements of laborc. Domestic production of the same goods and servicesd. Domestic production of diff

4、erent goods and services 4. If a nation has an open economy, it means that the nation:da. Allows private ownership of capitalb. Has flexible exchange ratesc. Has fixed exchange ratesd. Conducts trade with other countries 5. International trade forces domestic firms to become more competitive in term

5、s of:da. The introduction of new productsb. Product design and qualityc. Product priced. All of the above 6. The movement to free international trade is most likely to generate short-term unemployment in which industries?ba. Industries in which there are neither imports nor exportsb. Import-competin

6、g industriesc. Industries that sell to domestic and foreign buyersd. Industries that sell to only foreign buyers 7. International trade is based on the idea that:da. Exports should exceed importsb. Imports should exceed exportsc. Resources are more mobile internationally than are goodsd. Resources a

7、re less mobile internationally than are goods 8. Arguments for free trade are sometimes disregarded by politicians because:ba. Maximizing domestic efficiency is not considered importantb. Maximizing consumer welfare may not be a chief priorityc. There exist sound economic reasons for keeping ones ec

8、onomy isolated from other economiesd. Economists tend to favor highly protected domestic markets 9. How much physical output a worker producers in an hours work depends on:da. The workers motivation and skillb. The technology, plant, and equipment in usec. How easy the product is to manufactured. Al

9、l of the above 10. The largest amount of trade with the United States in recent years has been conducted by:aa. Canadab. Germanyc. Mexicod. United Kingdom 11. Increased foreign competition tends to:ca. Intensify inflationary pressures at homeb. Induce falling output per worker-hour for domestic work

10、ersc. Place constraints on the wages of domestic workersd. Increase profits of domestic import-competing industries 12. _a_ is the ability of a firm/industry, under free and fair market conditions, to design, produce, and market goods and services that are better and/or cheaper than those of other f

11、irms/industries.a. Competitivenessb. Protectionismc. Comparative advantaged. Absolute advantage 13. A firms _d_, relative to that of other firms, is generally regarded as the most important determinant of competitiveness.a. Income levelb. Tastes and preferencesc. Environmental regulationd. Productiv

12、ity 14. Free traders maintain that an open economy is advantageous in that it provides all of the following except:da. Increased competition for world producersb. A wider selection of products for consumersc. The utilization of the most efficient production methodsd. Relatively high wage levels for

13、all domestic workers 15. Recent pressures for protectionism in the United States have been motivated by all of the following except:ba. U.S. firms shipping component production overseasb. High profit levels for American corporationsc. Sluggish rates of productivity growth in the United Statesd. High

14、 unemployment rates among American workers TRUE-FALSE QUESTIONS F 1. The two most important trading partners of the United States are Canada and Mexico. F 2. The United States exports a larger percentage of its gross domestic product than Japan, Germany, and Canada.T 3. Opening the economy to intern

15、ational trade tends to lessen inflationary pressures at home.T 4. The benefits of international trade accrue in the forms of lower domestic prices, development of more efficient methods and new products, and a greater range of consumption choices. F 5. In an open trading system, a country will impor

16、t those commodities that it produces at relatively low cost while exporting commodities that can be produced at relatively high cost.T 6. Although free trade provides benefits for consumers, it is often argued that import protection should be provided to domestic producers of strategic goods and mat

17、erials vital to the nations security.T 7. In the long run, competitiveness depends on an industrys natural resources, its stock of machinery and equipment, and the skill of its workers in creating goods that people want to buy.T 8. If a nation has an open economy, it means that the nation allows pri

18、vate ownership of capital. F 9. Increased foreign competition tends to increase profits of domestic import-competing companies. F 10. Restrictive trade policies have resulted in U.S. producers of minerals and metals supplying all of the U.S. consumers needs.ANSWERSAnswers to Multiple-Choice Question

19、s 1. b 2. a 3. d 4. d 5. d 6. b 7. d 8. b 9. d 10. a 11. c 12. a 13. d 14. d 15. b Answers to True-False Questions 1. F 2. F 3. T 4. T 5. F 6. T 7. T 8. F 9. F 10. FCHAPTER 2FOUNDATIONS OF MODERN TRADE THEORYMULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS 1. The mercantilists would have objected to:a. Export promotion po

20、licies initiated by the governmentb. The use of tariffs or quotas to restrict importsc. Trade policies designed to accumulate gold and other precious metalsd. International trade based on open markets 2. Unlike the mercantilists, Adam Smith maintained that:a. Trade benefits one nation only at the ex

21、pense of another nationb. Government control of trade leads to maximum economic welfarec. All nations can gain from free international traded. The worlds output of goods must remain constant over time 3. The trading principle formulated by Adam Smith maintained that:a. International prices are deter

22、mined from the demand side of the marketb. Differences in resource endowments determine comparative advantagec. Differences in income levels govern world trade patternsd. Absolute cost differences determine the immediate basis for trade 4. Unlike Adam Smith, David Ricardos trading principle emphasiz

23、es the:a. Demand side of the marketb. Supply side of the marketc. Role of comparative costsd. Role of absolute costs 5. When a nation requires fewer resources than another nation to produce a product, the nation is said to have a (an):a. Absolute advantage in the production of the productb. Comparat

24、ive advantage in the production of the productc. Lower marginal rate of transformation for the productd. Lower opportunity cost of producing the product 6. According to the principle of comparative advantage, specialization and trade increase a nations total output since:a. Resources are directed to

25、 their highest productivityb. The output of the nations trading partner declinesc. The nation can produce outside of its production possibilities curved. The problem of unemployment is eliminated 7. In a two-product, two-country world, international trade can lead to increases in:a. Consumer welfare

26、 only if output of both products is increasedb. Output of both products and consumer welfare in both countriesc. Total production of both products, but not consumer welfare in both countriesd. Consumer welfare in both countries, but not total production of both products 8. As a result of internation

27、al trade, specialization in production tends to be:a. Complete with constant costscomplete with increasing costsb. Complete with constant costsincomplete with increasing costsc. Incomplete with constant costscomplete with increasing costsd. Incomplete with constant costsincomplete with increasing co

28、sts 9. A nation that gains from trade will find its consumption point being located:a. Inside its production possibilities curveb. Along its production possibilities curvec. Outside its production possibilities curved. None of the aboveUsing the data of Table 2.1, answer Questions 10 through 15.Tabl

29、e 2.1.Output Possibilities for the U.S. and the U.K. Output per Worker per DayCountry Tons of Steel TelevisionsUnited States 5 45United Kingdom 10 20 10. Refer to Table 2.1. The United States has the absolute advantage in the production of:a. Steelb. Televisionsc. Both steel and televisionsd. Neithe

30、r steel nor televisions 11. Refer to Table 2.1. The United Kingdom has a comparative advantage in the production of:a. Steelb. Televisionsc. Both steel and televisionsd. Neither steel nor televisions 12. Refer to Table 2.1. If trade opens up between the United States and the United Kingdom, American

31、 firms should specialize in producing:a. Steelb. Televisionsc. Both steel and televisionsd. Neither steel nor televisions 13. Refer to Table 2.1. The opportunity cost of producing one ton of steel in the United States is:a. 3 televisionsb. 10 televisionsc. 20 televisionsd. 45 televisions 14. Refer to Table 2.1. Mutually advantageous trade will occur between the United States and the United Kingdom so long as one ton of steel trades for:a. At least 1 television, but no more than 2 televisionsb. At least 2 televisions, but no more than 3 televisionsc. At least 3 te