重点词汇与语法复习.docx

1、重点词汇与语法复习重点词汇与语法复习Unit 19Key Words:mess n. state of confusion, dirt or disorder Your room is in a mess. Please tidy it. 你的房间杂乱不堪， 请把它打扫干净。 live adj. not recorded in advance(on tape or records) It wasnt a recorded show; it was live. 那不是录音节目, 是实况转播。 announce vt . make known The captain announced that

2、the plane was going to land. 机长宣布飞机就要着陆了。engagement n. agreement to marryMy brother has just told me about his engagement to Anne.我弟弟刚告诉我他和安妮订婚了。 brilliant adj. splendid, causing admiration .a brilliant color 鲜明的颜色a brilliant speaker 一位卓越的演说家 anniversary n. yearly return of the date of an event ; ce

3、lebration of this . We were married on 20 May 1964, so every year we have a party on our anniversary.我们是1964年5月20日结婚的，因此我们每年在结婚周年纪念日都要办一个聚会。Phrases:get up: rise clear up: put in order, make tidygrow up: become adult or mature turn up: make ones appearance help sb. do sth.:帮助某人做某事 help sb. with sth.:

4、 在某方面帮助某人 for ages: 很长时间 for hours: 好几个小时 trip over: catch ones foot, etc in an obstacle and stumble .Grammar:The simple past tense（一般过去时）the past tense forms of the regular verbs ask-asked trip-tripped try-tried arrive-arrived the past tense forms of the irregular verbs go-went eat-ate drink-drunk

5、see-saw一般过去时的否定式 助动词do的过去式did+not (didnt) be的过去式was+not (wasnt)或were+not (werent) 情态动词can的过去式could+not (couldnt)一般过去时疑问句助动词、情态动词的过去式+主语+动词原形Did you have a good time? Yes, I did./No, I didnt.Was she at the party? Yes, she was./No, she wasnt.一般过去式的特殊疑问句疑问词+助动词/系动词+主语+动词原形Where did you go? What did you

6、 do?Who did you talk to? When were you born?Unit 20Key Words:Adventure n. v strange or unusual happening, esp. an exciting or dangerous journey or activity. All the children listened to his adventures with eager attention.孩子们注意力十分集中地听他讲他的冒险经历。 Thriller n .novel, play or film in which excitement and

7、emotional appeal are the essential elements. 惊险读物、电影、戏剧 tragedy n. play or cinema , TV, of a serious or solemn kind ,with a sad ending. 悲剧;悲惨的事；惨案;悲剧性作品；悲剧体裁admission n. being admitted to a society , a school, a building etc.; fee or charge for this. Admission by ticket only. 凭票入场。 Admission to the

8、concert costs 5.音乐会的入场券是五镑一张。mystery n. sth. of which the cause is hidden; condition of being secret or obscure. Who had taken the book? It was a mystery.谁把书拿走了？这是个谜。Career n. way of making a living ; profession. My grandfather was a career teacher; its the only job hed ever done.我祖父教了一辈子书,教书是他所干过的唯

9、一的工作。The common types of film 常见电影类型action film 动作片 horror film 恐怖片 thriller 惊险片 sci-fi film 科幻片 costume drama 古装剧 romantic comedy 浪漫喜剧片 cartoon 卡通片 不定代词anything , something , nothing 的用法一般情况下,something ,nothing 也常用于肯定句,而anything则用于否定句 ; 形容词修饰不定代词时应放在其后面连词but , although, because的用法三者都用来连接两个分句；althou

10、gh和but 都可连接两个具有对比意义的句子，because用于连接因果关系的句子；although相当于“虽然，但是”在英语中不能与but同时使用but开头的句子放在后面，而后两者开头的句子可放在句首，用逗号分开两个句子提出建议有种方法如下： How about doing sth.? What about sth.? Why dont we do sth.? Shall we do sth.? Lets do sth.回复建议并表达个人偏好表示同意对方建议时，说： Ok./Ok then./Thats a brilliant idea./Thats a fantastic idea. 表示

11、不同意对方建议时，说： Id prefer to do sth./Id rather do sth. or Id rather not do sth. Unit 21Key Words:Afford v. have enough money to buy sth. or for sth. He can afford an apartment. 他能买得起一套住房。 Intend vi. have in mind as a purpose or plan Today, I intend to finish reading this book.今天我打算读完这本书。Confirm vt. make

12、 opinions , feelings, etc .firmer or stronger. Please confirm your telephone message by writing to me. 请给我来封信，好进一步证实你在电话中传达的消息。 Equipment n. things needed for a purpose. Our school has been given some new equipment. 我们学校有了一些赠送的新设备。Rehearsal n. trial performance of a play or other entertainment. we w

13、ill have a rehearsal for the gig at 8.00. 我们将在八点钟为演唱会排练。Brochure n. short, printed article in a paper cover ; pamphlet. a holiday brochure 假日指南Do you know the English names of these instruments?Drum Guitar saxophone Piano Trumpet ViolinGrammar:Multi-word verbs 短语动词 由动词加介词或副词组成的固定结构，如：come cross ；rin

14、g back ； pick up ； take part in三种表示将来的用法：will /be going to /现在进行时现在进行时用来表示已做好的安排：Im visiting my uncle this year . 今年我要去看望我叔叔。To be going to 用来表示预先计划好的事情，强调打算、计划性。Im going to visit my uncle this year . 今年我计划去看望我叔叔。Will用来表示说话时即时决定做的事情，预先没有安排。 Im hungry . I think Ill make dinner. 我饿了，我想我得去做饭了。Unit 22Ke

15、y Words:international adj. existing, carried on between nations e.g. an international agreement 国际协定 fluent adj. able to speak smoothly and readily e.g. He is fluent in five languages. 他能流利地说五种语言。 event n. happening, usually sth. important e.g. the chief event of 1992 1992年大事 The next event will be

16、the 100 yards race. 下一个比赛项目是100码赛跑。Learn some words about different sports gymnastics 体操 rubgy 橄榄球 bowling 保龄球 yoga 瑜珈 snooker 台球 karate 空手道 aerobics/athletics 田径运动 Kung Fu 中国武术 ice hockey 冰球 motor race 汽车赛 bungee jumping 蹦极跳 mountaineering 登山运动Grammar:形容词的比较级和最高级 单音节形容词和部分双音节形容词在词尾加-er和-est 构成比较级和最

17、高级。如： 原级 rich 比较级 richer 最高级 richest 多音节形容词在原级前面加more和most构成比较级和最高级。如： 原级 dangerous 比较级 more dangerous 最高级 most dangerous 有些形容词的比较级和最高级的变化是不规则的，如： 原级 good 比较级 better 最高级 best副词的种类时间副词：表示动作发生的时间，如already,still,now,before,today,last year,then等，一般放在句首或句尾。 地点副词：表示动作发生的地点，如downstairs,around,here,there,ne

18、ar,away,down等通常置于句尾。 程度副词：表示事情或动作的程度，如really,very,just,too,quite,much,definitely等，一般放在被修饰的形容词或副词之前。 频度副词：ever,often,sometimes,never,occasionally,always,usually等一般放在行为动词之前，动词宾语之后或句首。 方式副词：表示行为方式，如slowly,quickly,well, badly 等一般放在动词（动词加宾语）之后。现在完成时现在完成时的构成：现在完成时由助动词have/has 加动词过去分词构成，即have(has)+过去分词。 否定

19、式：have(has)+not+动词过去分词；疑问式：have(has)+主语+动词过去分词。 现在完成时的用法:表示过去发生的动作或事情对现在或将来的影响或产生的结果。如：Have you eaten ? (if not, we can eat now.) 表示某人的经历。 如：Ive been to Beijing.Unit 23Key Words:huge adj. : very great e.g. The TV play was a huge success. 这部电视剧取得了巨大的成功。 tight adj. :fastened , fixed , held , closely .

20、 e.g. Tight shoes can hurt your feet. 紧鞋子可能弄伤你的脚。fashionable adj. : following the fashion . e.g. Short skirts are fashionable now. 现在短裙很时髦。starve . vi. : feel very hungry , suffer from hunger . e.g. Shes lonely, and starving for companionship. 她很寂寞，渴望友谊。Grammar:多个形容词做修饰语时的位置多个形容词修饰同一个事物时，往往有一定的顺序如下：

21、长度、高度、形状等+颜色、性质、式样等+材料+物体。My long black silk skirt a big red bus a long ,baggy T-shirt物主代词有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。 形容词性物主代词: my your his her our their its 名词性物主代词: mine yours his hers ours theirs - 重点词汇与语法复习Unit 25Key Words:Simplify vt. make simple ; make easy to do or understand . The English in this sto

22、ry has been simplified to make it easier to understand. 这个故事里的英语被简写了，可更容易理解。 Access n . way (in) to a place . There is no access to the street through that door. 穿过那个门没有通向大街的路。 Participant n. person who takes part in (sth.) I ask Susan for list of participants . 我向苏珊要参加者名单. Demonstrate vt. : show cl

23、early by giving proofs or examples . He demonstrated how to use the new machine. 他演示怎样使用这台新机器。Grammar: 反身代词反身代词单数: myself , yourself , himself , herself , itself 反身代词复数: ourselves , yourselves , themselves . 反身代词用作状语时,常常起强调的作用,译为“亲自”或“自己” 如: I did it myself .这是我自己做的。反身代词用作动词的宾语时，不能省略 。如： He hurt him

24、self .他把自己伤了。反身代词常常和介词一起使用。如： She cooked a meal for herself .她为自己做了饭。Either ,eitheror , either of 的用法这几个词(组)用于表示两者之间的选择。如： The new web page can be either blue or red . Can either of you come to the meeting ? Neither , neithernor,neither of的用法Neither 意为“两者都不”，与“either”相反。如： It has neither conference

25、rooms nor email facilities . Which of these newspapers would you like ? Neither of them , thanks .Both , both of ,bothand的用法Both 用来指两者，也可以用在both of,和bothand的结构中。I like both of two books. Both the Eiffel and the Concorde have email facilities.Unit 26Key Words:reserve vt .: store, keep back or secure

26、the right to use by advance payment . e.g. I have reserved a room for you at the hotel. 我已在旅馆为你预订了一个房间。 suppose vt .: take it as a fact that ; think , guess . e.g. Suppose a company has a new breakfast cereal that it wants to sell.假设有个公司想出售一种新的早餐麦片粥。 decision n. : deciding , judging , settlement of

27、a question . e.g. She could not make a decision about the dresses. 她对（买不买）这衣服下不了决心 。 improvement n. :improving or being improved . e.g. Much improvement has been made in the public order of the city. 这个城市的治安有了很大的改进。Grammar:现在完成时与一般过去时的区别1、现在完成时用于表示过去的经历或过去发生的动作或事情对现在和将来的影响或所产生的结果，着眼点在现在。一般过去时指发生在过去的

28、动作或状态，着眼点在过去。 2、现在完成时不能与表示过去的特定的时间状语连用。如： She has collected my visa.(so I dont have to worry about that any more.) 她已经拿到了我的签证。（所以我不用再为此担心了。） I spoke to Mary in Paris last night .情态动词Can , could , may , might , must 都是情态动词 ，可以表示推测。如 ： He could be at home . (表示有可能) She cant be a teacher . (语气很肯定) John

29、 must be in his seventies . (确信）情态动词+现在完成时表示对过去事情的推测。 Could have done表示推测，但可能性较小，有时表示一种惋惜之情；must have done表示对过去行为的推断，具有较大的可能性；should have done表示应该做的事而没有做。 He must have left it in the shop . 他一定把它丢在了商店。He could have left it in the shop. 他可能把它丢在了商店。He should have left it in the shop .他应该把它留在商店。 不定代词An

30、ything ,everything ,something ,nothing, anybody/anyone , everybody/everyone/someone/somebody, nobody/ no one以-thing 结尾的指物或事情，而以-body/one 结尾的不定代词专指人。不定副词Everywhere ,nowhere , somewhere , anywhere在句中用作状语。如： They looked everywhere. He lives somewhere around here. Im going nowhere until you are back.Uni

31、t 27Key Words:Definitely adv. : in a definite manner . e.g. He is definitely coming. 他一定来。 impatient adj.: not patient , eager . e.g. They are growing impatient. 他们渐渐不耐烦了。 anxious adj. : troubled , feeling anxiety. e.g. He was anxious for her safety. 他担心她的安全。 impression n . : effect produced on the mind or feelings . e.g. What were your first impressions of London? 你对伦敦的最初印象如何？ i