中考易混词组梳理.docx

1、中考易混词组梳理中考易混词（组）汇总1. besides, except, except for, but besides是指“除之外还（又）”，包括后面所提及的人或物在内。 Twenty-five students went to the cinema besides him. except是指“抛开不谈”，不包括后面所提及的人或物在内。Twenty-five students went to the cinema except him. except for是指“除了”，不包括后面所提及的人或物在内，后面跟的词与句子的主语不属于同类。 Your article is very good e

2、xcept for some mistakes. but常与every, any, all, none, no以及它们与one, thing, body, where构成的复合词等连用。有的已经成为了惯用语，如：all but（几乎，除之外全部），anything but（除之外都），nothing but（只不过是）。 There is nothing but a cup on the table.练一练： All the questions are easy _ the last one. Do you think of nothing _ watching football? His c

3、omposition is good _ some mistakes. He has many relatives _ his uncle living in Shanghai. Do you know any other languages _ English?2. reach, arrive in/at, get to reach +地点，意思是“到达”。 arrive in+大地方，arrive at+小地方，意思是“抵达、到达某地（尤指行程的终点）”。 get to+地点，意思是“到达”。 注意：当arrive in/at和get to后面跟的是地点副词here, there, hom

4、e等时，则省略介词in/at/to。当只表明“到了”，而未表明地点时，用arrive。练一练： My sister _ school at 7 a.m every day. Uncle Li _ New York the day before yesterday. You can _ the railway station by bus. My father _ at 8:00 this morning by airplane. How did you _ home yesterday afternoon? Do you know how to _ there? I will tell you

5、 how to _ here, so do not worry.3. at the end of, in the end, by the end of at the end of 指某段时间的结束或某段路程的终止处，意思是“在.结束时”，“在.尽头”。 Our school held a sports meeting at the end of last term. At the end of this street you will find a bookshop. in the end 相当于at last, finally，意思是“最后，终于”。 In the end, they cau

6、ght the thief. by the end of 用于过去完成时或将来时，意思是“到.末为止”。 By the end of last term, we had learned five English songs. This question will have been answered by the end of today.练一练： We will have an English exam _ January. I am sure everything will turn out satisfactory _. _ the meeting, everyone stood up

7、to give the applause. _ last month, I had planted thousands of trees.4. it, one, that it 代替上文所提到的那个事物，一般指物，不指人。可以代替单数可数名词或不可数名词。复数形式是they或them。 I have 50 yuan. My uncle gave it to me last week. one 代替上文出现过的单数名词，以免重复。泛指代人或物。所指代的人或物属于同类事物中不同的一个，即替代的是一个带有不定冠词的可数名词的单数形式。复数形式是ones。 I have lost my old wat

8、ch. This is a new one. that 代替前面同类不是同一的事物。可以代替单数可数名词或不可数名词。代替可数名词时，复数形式是those。that不可以代替表示人的名词，它可以根据语义在后面加上一些定语，多数是of的短语；它的前面不能存在任何定语。 The water in wells is cleaner than that in the rivers.练一练：Do you need an English-Chinese dictionary? I have _.The weather in Guangzhou differs from _ in Shanghai.The

9、color of the jacket is better than _ of mine.I saw only one motorcar in the shop. Would you go and buy _?Maybe it is true that we do not know what we have got until we lose _.5. look for, look up, find, find out look for意思是“寻找”，强调找的过程。 look up 意思是“查找”，强调查字典、电话号码。 find意思是“找到，发现”，强调找的结果。 find out意思是“查

10、明，发现，了解”，指的是经过认真观察、调查或研究把某事或某物查出来、搞清楚，多用于复杂而不容易直接查出的情况。练一练： Im _ my watch, but I cant _ it. If you do not know the words, you can _ them _ in the dictionary. I _ it difficult to learn English well. The teacher wanted to _ who had broken the door.6. as well, as well as as well 相当于also, too，意思是“也，又”。常

11、放在句子末尾，无需用逗号与句子分开。 I am going to London and my sister is going as well. as well as意思是“也，还”。常用来连接两个并列的成分。连接连个并列的主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致；翻译时先翻译后面，再翻译前面。 Your wife as well as you is friendly to me.练一练： The teachers _ the students are working overtime. They played all kinds of instruments and sang _.7. rathe

12、r than, instead of, in place of rather than和would连用时构成would rather . than .，意思是“宁愿.而不愿.”的句式，表示主观愿望，在两者中择一。 She would rather die than lose her children. rather than不和would连用时，表示客观事实，意思是“是.而不是.；与其.不如.”。它的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词（短语）、动名词、分句、不定式、动词等等。rather than连接两个主语时，谓语动词应该和前面的主语保持一致。rather than连接两个不定式时，不定

13、式可以带to，也可以不带to。 He is an explorer rather than a sailor. You rather than I are going to go camping. I decided to write rather than (to) telephone. instead of 意思是“代替”，“做.而不做.”。 My parents just called me. Im afraid I have to have dinner with them instead of shopping with you tonight. in place of 意思是“代替

14、”。着重强调一种物质替换另一种物质。 Plastics are now often used in place of wood or metal.练一练： I will go to this meeting _ you. He ran _ walked. I gave him advice _ money.8. alive, living alive意思是“活着的，有生命的”，和系动词be连用，着重表示一种状态，作表语。 He was still alive after the car accident. living意思是“有生命的，生活的”，在句子中作定语，放在所修饰的名词的前面或代词的后

15、面。 There are no living things on the moon.练一练： The General was caught _ by the energy. You can ask him about it. He is a _ dictionary.9. sound, voice, noise sound 指的是自然界的一切声音，是声音的总称； voice指的是说话人的声音； noise指的是噪音。练一练： At midnight, he heard a strange _ from the next room. Dont make any _ in class. My mo

16、ther often speaks in a loud _.10. say, speak, talk, tell say+内容（+语言），意思是“说”。Say goodbye / a word. Say it in English, please. Can you understand what she said. speak+语言，意思是“讲话”。 Would you speak Chinese, please? I cant understand you. talk意思是 “讲话，谈论，谈话”。talk to / with /about They were talking about a

17、film when the teacher came in. tell意思是 “告诉，讲述”。tell+抽象的整体 tell a story tell sth. to sb. tell sb. (about) sth. tell sb. (not) to do sth. Ill tell her the news as soon as I see her.练一练： We often _ about movie stars after class.A. say B. tell C. speak D. talk He was very angry and he didnt _ a word.A.

18、say B. talk C. speak D. tell Janet is from Australia. She can _ a story in English and Chinese.A. speak B. say C. talk D. tell11. be used to do sth., be used to doing sth., used to do sth. be used to do sth. 是use sth. to do sth.的被动语态，意思是“被用来做. ”。Nowadays, robots are used to do some dangerous things

19、instead of human beings. be/get used to doing sth. “习惯于做. ”，be/get是系动词，used是形容词，to是介词。 The man was used to living in the countryside. used to do sth. “过去常常做. ”。练一练： I _ live in London, but now I am living in Paris. The knife _ cut things. He _ living alone several months later.12. be famous for, be

20、famous as be famous for相当于be known for，意思是“以.而闻名”。 The town is famous for its beautiful scenery. be famous as 意思是“作为.出名；以.身份而闻名”。 Jay Chou is famous as a singer.练一练： France _ his fine food and wine. Thomas Edison _ a greater inventor.13. watch sb do sth., watch sb doing sth. watch sb do sth 意思是“看见某人

21、做过”，强调动作的全过程。 I watch the thief steal the book from the desk. Did she watch the children cross the road? watch sb doing sth意思是“看见某人正在做. ”。强调动作正在进行。 I watch the thief stealing the book from the desk. She watched the children crossing the road. 类似用法的词有see, hear等。练一练： 我看见小明正在教室写作业。_ 老师看着孩子们过马路了吗？ _14.

22、cross, across, through cross是动词，across和through是介词。 They crossed the river by the boat. across意思是“横穿，横过”，指的是从物体的表面上穿过。 I swam across the river 20 years ago. through意思是“贯通，直穿，透过”，指的是立体空间中的穿过。 They walked slowly through the woods. The sunshine shone in the bedroom through the window.练一练： Go_ the road,

23、and you will see the post office on your left. The sunlight comes _ the glass. Be careful when you _ the street.15. in a way, in this way, by the way, on the way in a way意思是“在某种程度上；在某种意义上”。 In a way, it is a good book. in this way 意思是“用这种办法”。 In this way, you can speak English well. on the way意思是“在路

24、上，在途中”。 On the way home my father told me a story. by the way意思是“顺便说”。 By the way, have you seen the film before?练一练： _, do you have any idea where the post office is? She is _ to the park. The work should be done _._, he was right.16. stop to do sth., stop doing sth. stop to do sth.意思是“停下来去做某事”。 As

25、 soon as the teacher left, students stopped to talk. stop doing sth.意思是“停止做某事”。 The students stopped talking as soon as they saw the teacher. stop from doing sth.意思是“阻止做”。 Please stop them from playing fire.练一练： We should _ (cut) down trees. He watched TV for half an hour. At 8:00 he _ (do) his home

26、work. He _ (watch) TV and began to read English.17. take part in, join in, join take part in意思是“参加”，指的是参加群众性活动或会议，并在其中起一定的作用。 These days, students take part in many activities. join意思是“参加，加入”，指的是加入组织、团体、党派等，成为其中的一员。 He joined the army in 2019 and joined the Party the next year. join in意思是“参加某活动”，后面跟

27、的宾语一般是表示竞赛、游戏、娱乐等活动的名词，常用搭配join sb. in (doing) sth. Everyone should join in the game.练一练： I will never forget the day when I _ the Party. All the students are happy to _ the interesting school activities. Will you _ us_ a game of cards? I hope you will all _ the discussion.18. be familiar to, be fam

28、iliar with be familiar to意思是“某事对某人是熟悉的”，主语一定是sth.。 Your name is very familiar to me. be familiar with意思是“某人对某事是精通的、熟悉的”，主语一定是sb.。 He has become familiar with the city.练一练： I _ very _ the song because I have listened to it for many times. The photo _ me.19. few, little, a few, a little否定“几乎不”肯定“一些”修饰可数名词fewa few修饰不可数名词littlea little练一练： 这些书没几本容易到让我能够读懂。 Very _ of these books are easy enough for me. 我们没有从他们那里得到什么帮助。 We got _