环境噪声监测.docx

1、环境噪声监测环境噪声监测学院：资源与环境工程学院班级：环境科学与工程1301姓名：刘永恒学号：1310338108摘要：本文是关于学校内外噪声的监测与环境噪声监测的方法。关键词：噪声 学校 标准一、 实验目的1、 掌握区域环境噪声的检测方法。2、 熟悉声级计的使用。3、 练习对非稳态的无规噪声监测数据的处理方法。4、 学会绘制噪声污染图。二、 检测条件1、 天气条件要求在无雨无雪的时间，声级计应保持传声器膜片清洁，风力在三级以上加风罩（以避免噪声干扰），五级以上大风应停止监测。2、 使用PSJ-2型声级计或其他普通声级计，原理剑环境监测教材，使用方法参看附录。3、 手持仪器测量，传声器要求距离

2、地面1.2m。三、 实验步骤1、 将学校划分为500*500m的网格，测量点选在每个网格的中心，若中心点的位置不宜测量，可移到旁边能够测量的位置。2、 每组2人配置一台声级计，顺序到各网点测量，时间从8:0017:00，没一网格至少测量三次，时间间隔竟可能相同。3、 读书方式用慢档，每隔5a都一个瞬时A声级 连续读100个数据。读数同时要判断和记录附近主要噪声来源（如交通噪声、施工噪声、工厂或车间噪声、锅炉噪声等）和天气条件。四、 数据处理1、时间:白天 地点：二食堂门口5757.758.158.35959.960.561.664.271.157.157.758.158.359.16060.5

3、61.765.271.857.257.758.158.459.26060.662.16672.157.457.858.258.559.260.160.862.266.172.157.55858.258.559.360.260.962.267.172.457.55858.258.659.360.260.962.867.273.157.55858.258.659.460.26163.167.27557.55858.258.759.460.261.263.168.27557.65858.258.759.560.261.263.169.276.257.758.158.258.959.960.361.3

4、63.27086.3L10 =57.7 L50=59.9 L90=70 d=L10-L90=12.3LeqL50+d2/60=62.4L标准=55所以不符合标准。时间:晚上 地点：二食堂门口53.255.656.357.257.858.659.360.26163.453.355.656.357.25858.659.360.26163.453.555.756.557.35858.659.460.26163.75455.856.657.358.15959.460.361.46454.15656.757.558.25959.460.461.864.154.55656.757.558.359.159.

5、860.46264.6555656.757.658.359.16060.562.16555.156.256.757.658.359.16060.562.365.355.356.256.857.758.459.260.160.762.466.155.456.257.257.758.459.360.160.863.268.2L10=55.4 L50=58.4 L90=63.2 d=L10-L90=7.8LeqL50+d2/60=59.4L标准=45所以不符合标准。2、时间：白天 地点：学校大门口5559.261.262.563.865.267.269.171.27455.259.361.262.7

6、63.865.267.269.471.274.256.259.361.462.864.165.267.269.57274.256.259.661.76364.165.268.269.67275.15760.161.863.264.165.268.369.872.175.957.360.362.163.264.265.668.769.972.576.157.660.562.263.264.265.868.77072.876.858.260.962.263.264.666.26970.172.977.958.361.262.463.26566.96970.273.283.258.561.262.5

7、63.46566.969.171.173.294.2L10=58.5 L50=65 L90=73.2 d=L10-L90=14.7LeqL50+d2/60=68.6 L标准=55所以不符合标准。3、时间：白天 地点：第一教学楼门口46.248.249.250.150.851.452.253.456.262.446.248.249.250.151.251.452.253.556.263.146.348.249.250.151.251.652.354.156.764.146.748.249.250.251.251.652.354.256.864.24748.249.450.251.251.652.

8、654.257.265.247.248.749.450.251.35252.754.258.266.347.64949.750.251.352.153.154.258.267.247.749.149.850.251.352.153.154.759.268.24849.15050.451.452.153.25560.269.248.249.250.150.751.452.153.256.260.474.2L10=48.2 L50=51.4 L90=60.4 d=L10-L90=12.2LeqL50+d2/60=53.9 L标准=45所以不符合标准。4、时间：白天 地点：学校体育馆建筑工地43.2

9、47.248.25051.5535558.260.765.144.147.248.250.251.653.355.258.661.165.245.247.348.450.251.853.456.25961.265.245.647.448.650.35253.456.259.261.565.845.647.44950.35253.556.259.263.167.146.247.54950.652.153.75759.263.168.246.248.149.251.252.354.257.259.263.271.246.548.249.251.252.454.257.6606473.247.148

10、.249.751.252.554.258.16064.574.247.148.249.751.352.654.858.260.26578.2L10=47.1 L50=52.6 L90=65 d=L10-L90=17.9LeqL50+d2/60=57.9 L标准=70所以符合标准。时间：晚上 地点：学校体育馆建筑工地38.942.143.244.645.446.547.348.750.553.940.242.443.444.845.546.547.448.851.953.940.642.543.644.945.746.547.74952.454.240.842.743.945.145.846.6

11、47.849.253.254.341.242.84445.145.846.648.249.253.254.841.342.844.145.245.946.848.249.253.255.841.443.144.245.246.246.948.249.253.356.741.443.144.245.246.347.148.549.853.356.942.143.144.345.346.447.248.649.953.85942.143.244.445.346.547.248.65053.859.5L10=42.1 L50=46.5 L90=53.8 d=L10-L90=11.7LeqL50+d2

12、/60=48.8 L标准=55所以不符合标准。50.552.854.155.255.556.257.157.859.160.151.25354.355.355.656.357.157.959.160.751.553.154.655.455.856.357.158.359.362.151.653.354.855.455.856.457.258.359.362.851.853.454.855.455.956.657.358.359.363.35253.454.955.455.956.657.458.559.364.95253.554.955.455.956.757.658.759.566.152.

13、253.655.155.456.256.757.758.859.667.252.453.955.155.456.256.957.75959.867.652.75455.155.556.25757.859.159.967.8时间：晚上 地点：第三教学楼门口L10=52.7 L50=56.2 L90=59.9 d= L10-L90=7.2LeqL50+d2/60=57.1 L标准=45所以不符合标准。6、时间：白天 地点：九号寝室楼门口30.241.242.244.646.348.750.652.353.657.234.241.242.544.946.34950.752.553.757.235.4

14、41.542.74546.349.251.252.554.557.836.241.542.945.14749.251.452.654.757.936.641.643.145.34749.251.452.75558.337.241.743.145.647.149.951.55355.258.938.24243.846.147.150.252.153.255.760.738.242.143.946.247.350.352.253.256.263.339.142.144.146.247.550.352.253.256.265.240.442.144.346.248.250.352.253.256.3

15、67.1L10=40.4 L50=48.2 L90=56.3 d= L10-L90=15.9LeqL50+d2/60=52.4 L标准=45所以不符合标准。白天：平均Leq=（62.4+68.6+53.9+57.9+57.5+52.4）/6=58.8晚上：平均Leq=（59.4+61.9+62.6+48.8+57.1+57.1）/6=57.8五、 环境噪声标准 环保局噪声标准：1.一类声环境功能区：指以居民住宅、医疗卫生、文化教育、科研设计、行政办公为主要功能，需要保持安静的区域。2.二类声环境功能区：指交通干线两侧一定距离之内，需要防止交通噪声对周围环境产生严重影响的区域，包括2a 类和2b

16、 类两种类型。2a 类为高速公路、一级公路、二级公路、城市快速路、城市主干路、城市次干路、城市轨道交通 （地面段）、内河航道两侧区域；2b 类为铁路干线两侧区域。一类 昼间 夜间55 45二类2a 类 70 552b 类 70 603.建筑施工场界环境噪声排放限值单位：dB（A）昼间 夜间70 55六、 学校测量点概图 七、 实验讨论与分析在食堂周边，无论是白天还是晚上噪声较大，都不符合标准。在学校大门周边白天较为安静，符合标准，但是晚上噪声较大，不符合标准。在第一教学楼周边白天较为安静，符合标准，但晚上较为吵闹，不符合标准。在学校体育馆建筑工地周边，无论是白天还是晚上都较为符合标准，晚上很安静。在第三教学楼附近，无论是晚上还是白天噪声都较大，不符合标准。在寝室楼附近白天较为安静，但是晚上吵闹，不符合标准。总体来说，我们学校白天噪声比较符合标准，但是晚上噪声较大，大多不符合标准。