1、高考英语 非谓语动词范例高考英语非谓语动词范例若句中已有谓语动词,又不是并列谓语时,所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用v.ing形式、v.ed形式,还是用不定式形式,确定的方法主要有:(1)作伴随状语,常用分词,与逻辑主语是主动关系,用现在分词,是被动关系,用过去分词。典例1 .but everyone added a little, always _25_(think) that it was only small and not very important, and look where we have ended up today.分析:因句中已有谓语动词added,动词
2、think前又没有并列连词,即think不是并列谓语,它应是非谓语动词,作状语,表示伴随情况;又因he与think是主动关系,故用现在分词thinking。典例2The headmaster went into the lab, _ (follow) by the foreign guests.分析:句中已有谓语went,而follow又不是与之并列的,故为非谓语动词;又因the headmaster与follow是被动关系,故用过去分词followed作伴随状语。(2)作目的状语或者在形容词后作状语,一般用不定式。典例_ (complete) the project as planned,
3、well have to work two more hours a day. 分析:因句中已有谓语will have to work,所以complete应为非谓语动词;因“(为了)按计划完成这项工程”是“我们每天不得不额外多工作两小时”的目的,作目的状语,用动词不定式,故填To complete。(3)作主语或宾语,通常用ing形式表示习惯或一般情况,用不定式表示具体的情况。典例 _ (speak) out your inner feeling wont make you feel ashamed, on the contrary .分析:句中已有谓语wont make,所以speak应为
4、非谓语动词;谓语前面应为主语,作主语,表示一般情况,要用动名词短语,故填Speaking。3若所缺词作主语、在及物动词或介词后作宾语或在冠词、形容词性物主代词后,用名词形式。典例Different from those who begin their _ (apply) for foreign colleges in Senior 2, Li made a late decision on a US education.分析:因在动词后作宾语,并且用在形容词性物主代词their后面,所以要用名词applications。非谓语动词的形式:在短文改错中,每出现一个动词或非谓语动词,都要通过分析句
5、子结构的方法,来判断该词在句中所作的成分,如动名词可作主语、宾语、表语等;现在分词作状语、补语、定语等,而且它与其逻辑主语是主动关系;过去分词可作定语、表语、状语等,而它与其逻辑主语是被动关系;对不定式的考查主要是作补语、状语、宾语等,另外,还常考查一些固定结构或句式中非谓语动词的形式。Play football not only makes us grow up tall .分析:Play改为Playing。动词原形不能作主语,所以应用非谓语动词形式,动名词作主语与谓语动词makes一致。I find that the neighborhood which I used to living
6、in has changed a lot.分析:living改为live。根据句意可知,此处应为used to do sth.结构,表示“过去常常做某事”,而be used to doing sth.表示“习惯于做某事”,二者不能混淆。She saw the man with knife in his hand and his face covering with a piece of cloth running towards her.分析:covering改为covered。cover的逻辑主语是face,与其是被动关系,故用过去分词形式作定语。5动词的误用:主要包括一些近义词的用法区别、
7、形近词的区别。She past her driving test and told her husband .分析:past改为passed。此处作谓语,故用动词pass的过去时而不用介词past。I listened that she had come back from the USA.分析:listened改为heard。listen是不及物动词,表示动作,hear是及物动词,表示结果。典型例题1 _ in the countryside made Mr. Wilson very hardworking when he was very young.ABringing up BHavin
8、g brought upCBeing brought up DBrought up解析:选C考查非谓语动词。句意:Mr. Wilson在乡下被抚养长大,这使他在很小的时候就很勤劳。分析句意及句子结构可知,bring up与Mr. Wilson之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,又因为句子缺少主语,故用being brought up。2 _ all the homework assigned by the school, the students have to work at it till midnight.ACompleting BTo completeCHaving completed DTo h
9、ave completed解析:选B考查非谓语动词。此处为目的状语, 因此使用不定式,排除A和C,而且不强调完成,因此使用不定式的一般式,故选B。3 _ in the bank robbery, Tod was arrested by the local police early in the morning.AInvolving BInvolvedCTo involve DTo be involved解析:选B考查非谓语动词。句意:因为参与了银行抢劫案,托德一大早就被当地警方逮捕了。involve与Tod之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,故用involve的过去分词形式。Involved in .Be
10、cause Tod was involved in .,在句中作原因状语。4 Some people try to knock me down, only _ me more determined to do things better.Ahaving made BmakeCto make Dmaking解析:选C考查非谓语动词。句意:有些人试图把我击倒,结果却使我更加坚定地去把事情做得更好。only与不定式连用,用来表示意想不到的结果。5 Ang Lees new film Life of Pi is based on a fantasy adventure novel by Yann Ma
11、rtel _ in 2001.Awas published Bhaving publishedCpublished Dto be published解析:选C考查非谓语动词。题干中的a fantasy adventure novel与publish之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系,应用过去分词published作后置定语表示完成和被动之意,相当于定语从句that/which was published。6 The meeting which is reported _ this month has been put off till the end of next month.Abeing held
12、Bto holdCto be held Dholding解析:选C考查非谓语动词。句意:本来宣布要这个月举行的会议已经被推迟到下月底了。hold与the meeting之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,故用被动语态,不定式则表示将来的动作。故C项正确。7 With Hurricane Sandy _ the US east coast, Obama had to cancel Wednesdays campaign events in order to focus on the rescue and response efforts for Sandy.Aapproach BapproachingCap
13、proached Dbeing approached解析:选B此处考查with的复合结构。Hurricane Sandy与approach之间构成逻辑上的主动关系,所以用approaching。8 he quarrel _ to the fight started from their disbelief in each other.Aled Bto leadCleading Dhas led解析:选C考查非谓语动词。句意:导致这场打斗的争吵开始于他们相互之间的怀疑。此处为现在分词形式作后置定语,修饰the quarrel。9 _ so many countries, you must be
14、able to speak several different languages.I wish I could, but English is the only one I can speak.AVisiting BTo visitCTo have visited DHaving visited解析:选D考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,句中已有谓语动词,故空处应用非谓语动词形式;且visit与you之间是逻辑上的主动关系,故应用动词的ing形式。根据语境可知,空处的动作发生在谓语动词之前,故用动词的ing形式的完成式。10 _ too much for his intelligence,
15、Harry often overlooks the importance of effort.APraised BHaving praisedCPraising DBeing praised解析:选A考查非谓语动词。句意:因为他的才智被过度赞扬,Harry经常忽视努力的重要性。Harry与praise之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,表示原因,故选A。11 A worldshocking shooting rocked a school in the US, _ twenty children and eight adults dead.Aleave BleftCto leave Dleaving解析:
16、选D考查非谓语动词。句意:震惊世界的美国校园枪击案导致二十名儿童和八名成人遇难。分析句子结构,此处应用现在分词作结果状语。12 My brother sent me an email with one of his photos on Mount Tai _ to it.Aattached BattachCattaching Dto attach解析:选A考查非谓语动词。句意:我哥哥发给我一封电子邮件并附上了一张他在泰山照的相片。分析句子结构可知,attach与one of his photos之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,所以用过去分词作补语。13 By the time I saw the jo
17、b _ in the newspaper, it was already too late to apply.Aadvertised Bto be advertisedCbeing advertised Dhaving been advertised解析:选A考查非谓语动词。句意:当我看到报纸上刊登的招聘广告时,已经太晚而无法申请了。advertise与job之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,故应用过去分词作后置定语。又因此处表示“已完成”,故排除B、C两项;having done的形式不能作限制性后置定语,故排除D项。14 _ as a responsible person, Tony was app
18、ointed head of the department.AJudging BJudgedCHaving judged DTo be judged解析:选B考查非谓语动词。句意:托尼被认为是一个负责的人,所以他被任命为部门主管。分析句子结构可知,Tony与judge之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系,故此处用动词的ed形式置于句首作原因状语。15 I regret _ you that your application has not been successful.Not successful? I performed pretty well in my interview!Ainforming B
19、to informChaving informed Dto have informed解析:选B考查非谓语动词作宾语。句意:“我很遗憾地通知你,你的申请没有成功。”“没成功?在面试中我表现得很出色呀!”当某一动作在regret之后发生时,regret后需加to do作宾语;当某一动作在regret之前发生时,regret后需加doing/having done/to have done作宾语。本句中inform后于regret发生,故选B。1 _ little such material left, they decided to hold a meeting to discuss what
20、_.AThere was; was done BBeing; to be doneCHaving; to do DWith; was done解析:选C考查非谓语动词。句意:那种材料所剩不多,他们决定开会讨论做什么。分析句意和句子结构可知,第一空用现在分词having作原因状语或用with复合结构,但第二空处暗含将来意味,表示“能用这不多的材料做什么”,故用“疑问词to do”作宾语,故选C。2 Mr. Johnson, _ as a manager for many years, found it hard to be an ordinary clerk again.Ahaving work
21、ed BworkedCto have worked Dworking解析:选A考查非谓语动词。句意:由于已经当经理很多年了,Mr. Johnson发现重新做回一名普通职员很难。主语Mr. Johnson与work之间为逻辑上的主动关系,故应用现在分词形式,由空后的时间状语“for many years”可知,应该用完成式。3 Was it George who telephoned?No. A man _ himself Peter.Acalled Bwas calledCcalling Dto call解析:选C考查非谓语动词。句意:“是乔治打来的电话吗?”“不,是一个自称叫彼得的人。”A
22、man与call之间构成逻辑上的主动关系,且空处在句中作后置定语,故用call的现在分词形式。4 Under the environment of fierce competition, the only way John could imagine _ stress was to get tougher by making greater efforts.Ahandling Bto handleChandled Dhaving handled解析:选B考查非谓语动词。句意:在激烈竞争的环境下,John唯一能想到的处理压力的方法就是通过更努力变得更坚强。由于此处是the only way,后面
23、需要用to do结构。要注意John could imagine的干扰,它是定语从句,用来修饰the only way。故选B。5 Studies show that students often _ to too much pressure tend to develop mental problems.Aexposing Bbeing exposedCto expose Dexposed解析:选D考查非谓语动词。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语,因expose与students之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系,故应用被动形式,排除A、C两项,此处不表示正在进行的动作,排除B项,故选D,为过去分词作后置定
24、语。6 It is necessary that we keep the young generation _ of the current affairs.Ainformed Bbeing informedCinforming Dto inform解析:选A考查非谓语动词。句意:让年轻一代时刻了解时事是很有必要的。the young generation与inform之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,故用informed。7 More children in Beijing will reach school age next year, _ a shortage of primary school
25、teachers in the capital.Acreate Bto createCcreating Dcreated解析:选C考查非谓语动词。句意:明年在北京有更多的孩子到了上学的年龄,这导致在首都小学教师短缺。结合句意可知,此处应用动词的ing形式作结果状语,表示自然而然的结果。8 _ with conducting an interview by QQ online, a facetoface interview in person can provide people with more reliable details.AComparing BComparedCTo compare
26、 DCompare解析:选B考查非谓语动词。句意:和用QQ在线面试相比,亲自面对面的面试可以给人们提供更多可靠的信息。compare与a facetoface interview之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,故用compare的过去分词形式,选B。9 When I got back home I saw a note pinned to the door, _ “Sorry to miss you; I will call you later.”Aread BreadsCto read Dreading解析:选D考查非谓语动词。句意:当我回到家时,我看到门上别着一张纸条,上面写着“很遗憾没有见到你;
27、晚会儿我会打电话给你。”note与read之间是逻辑上的主动关系,故用read的现在分词形式。read表示“写着”。10 She will tell us why she feels so strongly that each of us has a role _ in making the earth a better place to live in.Ato have played BplayedCplaying Dto play解析:选D考查非谓语动词。play的逻辑主语是each of us,此处用不定式的一般式作后置定语。11 Helena was excited, just as
28、I had imagined, _ her lost pet.Afinding BfoundChaving found Dto find解析:选D考查非谓语动词。句意:正如我所想象的,Helena找到了她丢失的宠物很兴奋。分析句子结构可知,主句为:Helena was excited to find her lost pet.此处用动词不定式表原因。12 _ more tourists, travel agencies from both China and the DPRK have developed a package of new products.AAttracting BAttra
29、ctedCTo attract DHaving attracted解析:选C考查非谓语动词。句意:为了吸引更多的游客,中国和朝鲜的旅行社已经推出了一系列的新产品。根据句意可知,此处应用不定式作目的状语。13 _ around the university, we then were taken to a building, where many scientists worked.AShowing BHaving been shownCBeing shown DHaving shown解析:选B考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知,句中的主语we与show之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系,且根据题中的“w
30、e then were taken to a building”可知,应用完成被动式,故选B。14 Unfortunately, we rushed the fallen old man to hospital, _ that we were responsible for him.Aonly telling Bonly to tellConly told Donly to be told解析:选D考查不定式作结果状语。句意:很不幸,我们迅速把摔倒的老人送到医院,却被告知要对老人(的摔倒)负责。根据句首的Unfortunately可知下文是坏结果,“only不定式”可作结果状语,表示意想不到的不好的结果。15 Despite the governments measures to cool the house market, housing demand in China still grew steadily in the second half of 2012,_ a rapid rise
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