词汇学答案Word版.docx

1、词汇学答案Word版2009年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语词汇学试题课程代码：00832. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket.（30%）1. According to semanticists, a word is a unit of _.（ A ）1.1-6A. meaning B. soundC. combin

2、ation of sounds D. group2. The pronunciation has changed _ spelling over the years.（ C ）1.3-8A. more slowly than B. as quickly asC. more rapidly than D. not so quickly as 3. Words may fall into the basic word stock and nonbasic vocabulary by _.（A ）1.5-11A. use frequency B. notionC. origin D. sound4.

3、 Rapid growth of science and technology breeds such new words as the following EXCEPT_.（ B ）.2.3-30A. green revolution B. fast foodC. moon walk D. space shuttle5. Semantic change means an old form which takes on a new _ to meet the new need.（ B ）.2.4-31A. form B. meaningC. look D. pronunciation6. Re

4、viving archaic words also contribute to the growth of English vocabulary. For instance, in American English “fall” means _ in British English.（ D ）.2.4-32A. four B. fellC. for D. autumn7. The plural morpheme “-s” is realized by /s/after the following sounds EXCEPT _（ B ）3.2-38A. /t/ B. /g/C. /p/ D.

5、/k/8. There are _ free morphemic words in the following: bird, man, red, collection.（ C ）3.3.1-39A. one B. twoC. three D. four9. The following words have derivational affixes EXCEPT _.（ A ）3.3.2-41A. works B. prewarC. postwar D. bloody10. 30% to 40% of the total number of new words in English are pr

6、oduced through _.（ B ）4-45A. compounding B. affixationC. conversion D. shortening11. The word “motel” is created by _.（ C ）4.4-63A. compounding B. clippingC. blending D. suffixation12. “BBC” is formed in the way of _.（ A ）4.6-66A. acronymy B. clippingC. back-formation D. prefixation13. The types of

7、meanings include the following EXCEPT _.（ D ）.5.3-87A. grammatical meaning B. conceptual meaningC. associative meaning D. literal meaning14. By _ motivation, we mean that the meaning of a word is related to its origin.（ D ）.5.2.4-85A. onomatopoeic B. morphologicalC. semantic D. etymological15. _ is

8、the result of human cognition, reflecting the objective world in the human mind.（ B ）.5.1.2-82A. Reference B. ConceptC. Sense D. Motivation16. Semantic field, according to the course book, is also considered an integral part of _.（ D ）.6.6-119A. word formation B. word meaningC. meaning change D. sen

9、se relations 17. When a word is first coined, it is always _.（ C ）6.1-95A. semantic B. onomatopoeicC. monosemic D. polysemic18. The following are all synonymous pairs, but in each the second is standard in usage whereas the first is archaic, EXCEPT _.（ B ）6.3.4-109A. ire/anger B. rich/wealthyC. forl

10、orn/distressed D. bliss/happiness19. Shakespeare is difficult to understand than contemporary writings because many of his words were used in different _ from what they have now in dictionaries.（ A ）7-134A. senses B. formsC. dialects D. terms20. The mode of _ is well reflected in the word “picture”,

11、 which originally denoted mere “painting”, but now has come to include “drawings” and even “photographs”（A ）7.1.1-135A. extension B. elevationC. narrowing D. degradation21. In the sentence “The old man, though poor, is a respectable gentleman.”, the word “respectable” is used in the _ sense of trans

12、fer.（ B ）7.1.4-140A. subjective B. objectiveC. sensational D. physical22. Which of the following is NOT one of the roles of context?（ D .8.2-155A. Elimination of ambiguity. B. Indication of referents.C. Provision of clues for inferring word-meaning.D. Provision of culture background for inferring wo

13、rd-meaning.23. The sentence “I lost Bettys picture.” is ambiguous due to _.（ B ）.8.2.1-155A. grammatical context B. polysemyC. antonymy D. hyponymy24. In the sentence “An east or north-east wind brings cold dry weather to England, but a souWester usually brings rain.”, the meaning of “souwester” can

14、 be inferred from the clue of _.（ C ）.8.2.3-158A. relevant details B. synonymyC. antonymy D. hyponymy25. The idiom “toss and turn” is a(n) _ as far as rhetorical features of idioms are concerned.（ A ）9.3.2-173A. alliteration B. metaphorC. metonymy D. rhyme26. Which of the following is NOT one of the

15、 types of idioms?（ C ）9.9-165A. Sentence idioms. B. Idioms adverbial in nature.C. Clausal idioms. D. Idioms nominal in nature.27. The following are all variations of idioms, EXCEPT _.（ D ）9.3.3-176A. replacement B. additionC. shortening D. repetition28. Generally speaking, a dictionary will cover th

16、e following content EXCEPT _.（ B ）10-184A. spelling B. syntactical usageC. pronunciation D. definition29. As a general Chinese-English dictionary, _ is the most complete and up-to-date, most elaborately treated one（ A ）10.3.3-202A. A Chinese-English Dictionary (1995)B. Oxford Advanced Learners Dicti

17、onary of Current English with Chinese TranslationC. A New English-Chinese DictionaryD. Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English with Chinese Translation30. Collins COBUILD English Usage (1992), is a(n) _ dictionary.（ C ）10.1.4-188A. unabridged B. deskC. specialized D. encyclopedic. Match the words

18、 in Column A with the words in Column B according to 1) types of transfer; 2) rhetorical features of idioms; 3) types of vocabulary by notion; and 4) the function of affixes. (10%)A B（C. transfer of sensations）31. She burst into passionate sobbing. A. juxtaposition9.3.2-174（I. associated transfer）32

19、. He drops off to sleep, the lamb. B. notional word 1.5.2-16（G. functional word）33. and C. transfer of sensations 7.1.4-143（H. inflectional affix）34. the mans coat D. abstract to concrete7.1.4-144（A. juxtaposition）35. here and there E. derivational affix3.3.2-41（B. notional word）36. moon F. allitera

20、tion 9.3.2-173（F. alliteration）37. rough and ready G. functional word 1.5.2-16（E. derivational affix）38. ex-prisoner H. inflectional affix3.3.2-41（J. rhyme）39. fair and square I. associated transfer7.2.1-140（D. abstract to concrete）40. Helen looks a fright in that old black dress. J. rhyme9.3.2-173.

21、 Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.（10%）41. When we talk about a word in visual terms, a word can be defined as a _meaningful_ group of letters printed or written horizontally across a piece of paper.1.1-642. Modern English vocabulary dev

22、elops through three channels: _creation_, semantic change and borrowing.2.4-3143. We might say that free morphemes are free _roots_.3.3.1-3944. The formation of words by adding word-forming affixes to stems is called _affixation_. 4.1-4645. Semantic _motivation_ refers to the mental associations sug

23、gested by the conceptual meaning of a word. 5.2.3-8546. Perfect homonyms and polysemants are fully _identical_ with regard to spelling and pronunciation. 6.2.3-10247. Vocabulary is the most _unstable_ element of a language as it is undergoing constantchanges both in form and content.7-13448. Ambigui

24、ty often arises due to _polysemy_ and homonymy.8.2.1-15549. Idioms consist of set _phrases_ and short sentences.9-16250. Monolingual dictionaries are written in _one_ language.10.1.1-184. Define the following terms.（10%）51. Morpheme 3.1-38答案：The morpheme is the smallest functioning unit in the compo

25、sition of words.52. Homonym 6.2-100答案：Homonyms are generally defined as words different in meaning but either identical both in sound and spelling or identical only in sound or spelling.53. connotation 5.3.2-87答案：connotative meaning refers to the overtones or associations suggested by the conceptual

26、 meaning, traditionally known as connotations.54. Elevation 7.1.3-138答案：Elevation or amelioration refers to the process by which words rise from humble beginnings to positions of importance.55. Idiom 9-162答案：Idiom are expressions that are not readily understandable from their literal meanings of ind

27、ividual elements. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below.（20%）56. As far as growth of present-day English vocabulary is concerned, what are the three main sources of new words? 2.3-30答案：Generally, there are three main sourc

28、es of new words：the rapid development of modern science and technology; social, economic and political changes; the influence of other cultures and languages.57. What are the semantic features of compounds? Give an example to illustrate your point. 4.2.1-52答案：Every compound should express a single i

29、dea just as one word. For instance, “a green handis an inexperienced person, not a hand that is green in colour.58. Decide whether the following statement is true or false, based on your understanding of the characteristics of antonyms. State your reason with one example. 6.4-112Contrary terms are n

30、on-gradable and allow intermediate members in between.答案：False. Contrary terms are gradable anttonyms, differing in degree of intensity. Antonyms of Contrary terms are best viewed in terms of a scale running between two poles or extremes. Antonyms such as rich /poor，old/young, big /small represent t

31、wo points at both ends of the pole. The two opposites are gradable and one exists in comparison with the other. We can say:A man is rich or very rich；one man is richer than the other. Sues house is big and Marys house is small; Sues house is bigger than Marys. This shows semantic relativity. Sues house is relatively big,compared with Marys house, Marys house may be relatively big now than before, considering the fact that there