1、英语专四真题与参考答案2018 英语专业四级考试真题及参考答案PART III LANGUAGE USAGEThere are twenty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four options marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence or answers the question. Mark hour answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.11. The Bent Pyramid out
2、side Cairo _ ancient Egypt s first attempt to build a smooth-sidedpyramid.A. has been believed to have beenB. was believed to beC. is believed to have beenD. is believed to be12.U.S. News _ rankings of colleges since 1983. They are a very popular resource for students looking to apply to university
3、campus.A. maintainsB. is maintaining C. maintainedD. has been maintaining13.He was lured into a crime he would not _have committed.A.actuallyB.accidentallyC.otherwiseD.seldom14.She was once a young country wife with chickens in the backyard and a view of _mountains behind the apple orchard. A. blue
4、hazy VirginiaB. hazy blue Virginia C. Virginia hazy blue D. Virginia blue hazy15.I long to alleviate _, but I cannot.B.evilC.evilsD.an evil16.Indeed, it is arguable that body shattering is the very point of football, as killing and maiming_. A. warB. are war C. of war D. are of war17.At _, photograp
5、hy is a chemical process, during which a light-sensitive material is altered when exposed to light.A. its most basic B. its basicC. the most basic D. the basic18.She hired a lawyer to investigate, only to learn that Gabriel had removed her name from the deed. The infinitive verb phrase “only to lear
6、n ”is used _.A. to express an intended purposeB. to indicate a high degree of possibility C. to reveal an undesirable consequence D. to dramatize a stated fact19.Which of the following italicized words DOES NOT carry the metaphorical meaning?A. I wonder what s behind this change of plan.B. Jim turne
7、d to speak to the person standing behind him.C. This work should have been finished yesterday. I m getting terribly behind.D. I suppose I m lucky because my parents were behind me all the way.20. My mother was determined to help those in need and she would have been immensely proud ofwhat has been a
8、chieved these last 20 years. The italicized part in the sentence expresses _.A. a hypothesisB. a suggestionC. a contradictionD. a surprise21.When the police officers who took part in the King beating were first brought to _, their lawyers used the videotape as evidence against the prosecution.A. jus
9、ticeB.testimonyC.trialD.verdict22._, the most controversial candidate in the election campaign, he has been stronglycriticized for his crude comments about women.A.QuestionablyB.ArguablyC.ContentiouslyD.Debatably23.Prices have recently risen in order to _ the increased cost of raw materials. A. cutB
10、. buoy C. offer D. offset24.The celebrity says in court papers she “has no _ of giving any authorization to anyone to proceed with a divorce. ”A.recommendationB.recordingC.recollectionD.recognition25.What actually _ a good angle or a good selfie overall is rooted in what weconsider beautiful.A.consi
11、stsB.constitutesC.composesD.constructs26.The school is going the _ mile to create the next generation of sporting stars thanks to its unique development program.A. final B. furtherC. supplementary D. extra27. The teachersunion _ a lawsuit against the district calling for repairing “deplorable”school
12、 conditions.A.firedB.filedC.finedD.filled28.Last March the _ of a 19th century cargo ship was found by an underwater archaeological team.A. debris B. ruins C. remains D. wreck29.Shes worn his designs on _ occasions from red carpets to movie premieres.A.countlessB.countableC.numericalD.numeral30.A le
13、ading _ intelligence and operations company has released its analysis of worldwide reported incidents of piracy and crime against mariners.A. oceangoing B. oceanic C. marineD. maritimePART IV CLOZEDecide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passage if insertedin the corr
14、esponding blank. The words can be used ONCE ONL Y. Mark the letter for each word onANSWER SHEET.A. accompaniesB. automaticallyC. coupleD. goesE. indebtednessF. kindG. mannerH. mercifullyI. oneJ. obeyK. renownedL. subscribeM. unknownN. virtueO. widespreadA Few years ago, a university professor tried
15、a little experiment. He sent Christmas cards to a sample of perfect strangers. Although he expected some reaction, the responsehe received was amazingholiday cards addressed to him came pouring back from the people who had never met nor heard of him. The great majority of those who returned a card n
16、ever inquired into the identity of the unknown professor. They received his holiday greeting card, and they automatically sent one in return. This study shows the action of one of the most powerful of the weapons of influence around us the rule for reciprocation. The rule says that we should try to
17、repay, in kind, what another person has provided us. If a woman does us a favor, we should do her one in return; if a man sends us a birthday present, we should remember his birthday with a gift of our own; if a couple invites us to a party, we should be sure to invite them to one of ours. By virtue
18、 of the reciprocity rule, then, we are obligated to the future repayment of favors, gifts, invitations, and the like. So typical is it for indebtedness to accompany the receipt of suchthings that a term like “ much obliged ” has become a synonym for “ thank you, ” n in the English language but in ot
19、hers as well.The impressive aspect of the rule for reciprocation and the sense of obligation that goes with it is its pervasiveness in human culture. It is so widespread that after intensive study, sociologists such as Alvin Goldener can report that there is no human society that does not subscribe
20、to the rule.PART V READING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are three passages followed by ten multiple choice questions. For eachmultiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and
21、 mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE(1) The earliest settlers came to the North American continent to establish colonies that werefree from the controls that existed in European societies. They wanted to escape the controls placed on their lives by kings and governments, priests and ch
22、urches, noblemen and aristocrats. The historic decisions made by those first settlers have had a profound effect on the shaping of the American character. By limiting the power of the government and the churches and eliminating a formal aristocracy, they created a climate of freedom where the emphas
23、is was on the individual. Individual freedom is probably the most basic of all the American values. By freedom, Americans mean the desire and the ability of all individuals to control their own destiny without outside interference from the government, a ruling noble class, the church, or any other o
24、rganized authority.(2)There is, however, a price to be paid for this individual freedom: self-reliance. It means that Americans believe they should stand on their own feet, achieving both financial and emotional independence from their parents as early as possible, usually by age 18 or 21.(3)A secon
25、d important reason why immigrants have traditionally been drawn to the United States is the belief that everyone has a equal chance to enter a race and succeed in the game. Because titles of nobility were forbidden in the Constitution, no formal class system developed in the U.S.(4)There is, however
26、, a price to be paid for this equality of opportunity: competition. If muchof life is seen as race, then a person must run the race in order to succeed; a person must compete with others. The pressures of competition in the life of an American begin in childhood and continue until retirement from wo
27、rk. In fact, any group of people who does not compete successfully does not fit into the mainstream of American life as well as those who do.(5)A third reason why immigrants have traditionally come to the United States is to have a better life. Because of its abundant natural resources, the United S
28、tates appeared to be a “land of plenty where millions could come to seek their fortunes. The phrase “going from rags to riches”became a slogan for the American dream. Many people did achieve material success. Material wealth became a value to the American people, and it also became an accepted measu
29、re of social status.(6) Americans pay a price, however, for their material wealth: hard work. Hard work has beenboth necessary and rewarding for most Americans throughout their history. In some ways, material possessions are seen as evidence of peoples abilities. Barry Goldwater, a candidate for the
30、 presidency in 1964, said that most poor people are poor because they deserve to be. Most Americans would find this a harsh statement, but many might think there was some truth in it.(7)These basic values do not tell the whole story of the American character. Rather, they should be thought of as the
31、mes, as we continue to explore more facets of the American character and how it affects life in the United States.41.Para.4 seems to suggest that _.A.Americans are born with a sense of competitionB.the pressure of competition begins when one starts workC.successful competition is essential in American societyD.competition results in equality of opportunities42.Which of the following methods does the author mainly use in exp
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