1、英语高中非谓语动词练习题英语高中非谓语动词练习题一、单项选择非谓语动词1_ your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.AUnderstanding BTo be understoodCBeing understood DHaving understood【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:了解你自己的需求和沟通方式与学习传达你的感情和情绪同样重要。不定式(短语)或动名词(短语)均可作主语,区别在于不定式常表示
2、将来,是特指;而动名词表示一般情况,是泛指。而本句指的是普遍现象,属泛指,故用动名词较好。故选A。2Students surf the internet _ more information about the university they are dreamt of.Afound BfindingChaving found Dto find【答案】D【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:学生们上网是为了找到他们理想大学的更多的信息。此处表示目的用不定式,指上网的目的。故选D。3Once be falls asleep, I have great difficulty _ him up.Awake
3、BwakenCto wake Dwaking【答案】D【解析】一旦他睡着了,我叫醒他就有很大的困难。have difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难,选D。4_ the classroom for a whole afternoon, the monitor decided to have a rest.AHaving cleaned BTo cleanCCleaned DClean【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:整个下午打扫了教室之后,班长决定休息一下。句中clean的动作比decided早,故用完成时;the monitor和clean是主动关系,此处作
4、状语用动词-ing形式,故此处用动词-ing形式的完成时,故选A。5On the third floor there are two rooms, _ used as a meeting-room.Athe larger of which Bone of themCand a larger of them Dthe largest one of which【答案】B【解析】考查过去分词的独立主格结构。句意:三楼有两个房间,其中一个被用作会议室。如果选A项,是非限制性定语从句,从句应该用一般过去时态的被动语态,此处used是过去分词,所以A错;如果选C项,中间加and表明是并列句,the+比较级
5、,才表示“两个当中更大的”,故C项错;因为是两个房间,不可能出现最高级,故D项错;只有选B项是过去分词的独立主格结构,符合题意。【名师点睛】非谓语动词的独立主格结构一、独立主格结构的概念独立主格结构(Absolute Structure)是由名词或代词加上分词等构成的一种独立结构,用于修饰整个句子。独立主格结构中的名词或代词与其后的分词等构成逻辑上的主谓关系。这种结构与主句不发生句法上的联系,它的位置相当灵活,可置于主句前、主句末或主句中,常由逗号将其与主句分开。需特别注意的是,独立主格结构与主句之间不能使用任何连接词。二、独立主格结构基本构成形式名词(代词)+现在分词(过去分词;形容词;副词
6、;不定式;名词;介词短语)1. 名词(代词)+现在分词There being no bus, we had to walk home.由于没有公共汽车,我们只好走回家。2. 名词(代词)+过去分词The workers worked still harder, their living conditions greatly improved.由于工人们的生活条件大大提高,他们工作得更起劲了。3. 名词(代词)+不定式在“名词/代词+动词不定式”结构中,动词不定式和它前面的名词或代词如果存在着逻辑上的主谓关系,动词不定式则用主动的形式;如果是动宾关系,则用被动形式。The four of us
7、agreed on a division of labor, each to translate a quarter of the book.我们四人同意分工干,每人翻译全书的四分之一。6The players _ from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.Aselecting Bto selectCselected Dhaving selected【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。 句意:从全国各地挑选出来的运动员将在这场夏季比赛中为我们争光。分析句子可知,select与play
8、ers在逻辑上是被动关系,所以用过去分词。故选C项。7Mrs. White showed her students some old maps _ from the libraryAto borrow Bborrowed Cto be borrowed Dborrowing【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:怀特抬头给学生看一些从图书馆借来的旧地图。分析句子可知,这里需要非谓语动词修饰maps,因为maps和borrow是被动关系吗,所以用过去分词做定语,故选B。8He had wonderful childhood, _with his mother to all corners
9、 of the world.Atravel Bto travel Ctraveled Dtraveling【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他有着美好的童年,跟母亲到过世界各地。分析句子可知,travel用非谓语动词形式,逻辑主语He与travel之间为主谓关系,因此用现在分词作状语。故选D。9Some of them, _ in rural villages, had never seen a train.Ato be born and brought up Bborn and brought upChaving born and brought up Dhaving been
10、 born and brought up【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他们中的一些人,在农村长大,从来没见过火车。分析句子可知,in rural villages部分为定语,修饰Some of them,与其为动宾关系,故用过去分词形式,同时也是表示一种状态,故选B。【点睛】过去分词作定语,过去分词作定语可以位于名词之前或名词之后。位于名词之前的过去分词定语一般只有单个词。The new product finally passed the required test. 新产品终于通过了要求的测试。Those repeated efforts were still inade
11、quate. 这些重复的努力仍然不足。过去分词之前还可以有副词修饰,如:The prime minister issued a cautiously worded statement this afternoon. 今天下午首相发表了一份措辞谨慎的声明。如果是过去分词短语或结构,则放在名词后作后置定语。The idea presented by Peter is much simpler. 彼得提出的想法要简单得多。It is a house built by the Romans. 它是一栋古罗马人建的房屋。本题为过去分词作定语,修饰主语。10Tsinghua University,_ in
12、 1911,is home to a great number of outstanding figures.Afound Bfounding Cfounded Dto be founded【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意: 建立于1911年的清华大学是大量杰出人物的母校。Tsinghua University和found之间是被动关系, 故用过去分词作后置定语, 选C。11What will you do if the people _ at the back of the hall have trouble hearing the speech?Asitting BsitCsat D
13、to sit【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:如果坐在大厅后排的人们听不清演讲你该怎么办?根据题干中谓语动词have trouble doing判断出前面填非谓语结构,“人们”和“坐”是主动关系,故选A。12Come on,please give me some ideas about the project.Sorry.With so much work _ my mind,I almost break down.Afilled Bfilling Cto fill Dbeing filled【答案】B【解析】“with+复合结构”在句中表状态或说明背景情况,常作伴随、方式、原因、条件等
14、状语,该结构由“名词(代词)不定式、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词-ing形式、动词-ed形式等”构成。with+名词+动词-ing形式用于强调名词是动词-ing形式的动作的发出者或某动作、状态正在进行。根据work与fill的关系可判断出要用动词-ing形式作宾语补足语,表示“工作充满了我的头脑”。动词-ed形式作宾语补足语表示被动。动词不定式作宾语补足语表示将要发生的事。13_ the difficult maths problem, I have consulted Professor Russell several times.AWorking out BWorked outCTo wo
15、rk out DWork out【答案】C【解析】试题分析:考查非谓语动词的用法。句意:为了解出那道数学难题,我已经向Russell教授咨询过好几次了。非谓语动词中只有不定式可作目的状语,题干中缺少目的状语,故选C。【知识拓展】不定式在句子中可作什么状语?1)目的状语。To only to (仅仅为了), in order to, so as to, so(such) as to (如此以便) 如:He ran so fast as to catch the first bus. 他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。I come here only to say good-bye to you. 我来
16、仅仅是向你告别。2)作结果状语,表事先没有预料到的,要放在句子后面。如:What have I said to make you angry?我说什么让您生气了?He searched the room only to find nothing.他搜查了房间什么也没找到。3) 表原因。如:Im sorry to hear your father is ill听说你父亲病了很难过。考点:考查非谓语动词的用法。【名师点睛】本题考查不定式作目的状语。本题与2014年四川卷第7题相似 Good idea.To find more about it, visit this website.这里是动词不定
17、式形式的非谓语动词做目的状语。 非谓语动词是高考的重要考点。一般现在分词表示主动的关系,而过去分词表示被动的关系,动词不定式的用法很多,通常是跟在一个动词后面形成的固定结构,能够分辨出具体试题中的关系就可以轻松解题。14(湖南) There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland, _ at the night sky.Ato stare BstaringCstared Dhaving stared【答案】B【解析】试题分析:考查非谓语动词用法。句中的动词stare的逻辑主语是隐含主
18、语I,两者之间为主动关系,故用现在分词。句意:没有比背躺在草地中间,盯着夜空更快乐的事情了。故B正确。考点:考查非谓语动词用法15The airport _ next year will help promote tourism in this area.Abeing completed Bto be completedCcompleted Dhaving been completed【答案】B【解析】试题分析:考查非谓语动词。此处to be completed表将来、被动。句意:将于明年建成的机场会有助于促进这个地区的旅游业。【名师点睛】这是考查非谓语动词做定语的用法,句中关键词next y
19、ear说明动作是将要发生。而The airport和complete是被动关系,用不定式的被动做定语。16After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress, Anne Benedict went on all the people who had helped in her career.Ato thank BthankingChaving thanked Dto have thanked【答案】A【解析】试题分析:句意:在获得奥斯卡最佳女配角后,Anne Benedict继续感谢所有帮助她演绎生涯的人。go on to do继续做不同
20、的事情,所以选A。考点:考查不定式【名师点睛】不定式有一些具体的用法,可以做宾语,定语,状语。还有不定式的不同形式:to do;to be doing;to have done。这题要注意go on to do“继续做不同的事情”和go on doing“继续做相同的事情”的区别。结合语境是关键。17_ to nuclear radiation, even for a short time, may influence genes in human bodies.AHaving exposed BBeing exposedCTo expose DExposed【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动名
21、词。句意:暴露于核辐射中甚至很短时间都会影响人体的基因。分析句子成分发现even for a short time是插入语,may influence是谓语,前面的部分应该是主语,be exposed to“暴露于”,要用动名词Being exposed to。故B选项正确。18In Australia, many road signs are now both in English and Chinese, _ it easier for Chinese tourists to travel.Amaking Bmade Cmake Dmakes【答案】A【解析】考查状语从句。在澳大利亚,许多
22、路标都是用英文和中文同时标识,使中国游客去旅游更加容易。根据与前面一句用逗号隔开,没有连词,故判断此空用非谓语动词,根据与主语是主动关系,故用动词-ing形式,用来修饰和补充上一句话,故选A。19Weve had a good start, but next, more work needs _to achieve the final success.Abeing done Bdo Cto be done Dto do【答案】C【解析】试题分析: 句意:我们有一个好的开端,但是下一步需要做更多的工作得到最后的目标。Need doing或need to be done需要被做,所以选C。考点:考
23、查非谓语动词20-Youve made great progress in your studies of English, havent you? - Yes, but much_.Aremains to do Bis remained to doCis remained to be done Dremains to be done【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:你的英语学习取得了很大的进步,是吗?是的,但还有很多工作要做。根据句意和结构可知remain表示“仍然”,不能用被动语态,而且much和do是被动关系,表示将要发生的事情,用不定式,因此应使用不定式的被动式。故选D。
24、21When caught _ in the exam, he begged for the teachers pardon and tried _ punishment.Acheating; escaping Bto be cheating; to escapeCcheating; to escape Dto be cheating; escaping【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在考试作弊被抓着的时候,他乞求老师原谅并试图逃脱惩罚。根据句意可知,抓住的时候正在作弊,现在分词表进行,因此,第一空用cheating形式,try to do sth试图做某事,这是个固定用法。故
25、选C。22_ their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.ATo throw BThrown CBeing thrown DThrowing【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查现在分词做状语。句意:获胜球队的粉丝把帽子扔到天空,他们发出胜利的欢呼。分析句子结构可知,逗号前的部分充当状语,故用非谓语动词,the fans和throw是主动关系,故用现在分词形式,故选。23_ Beijing Opera to the basic education in China is
26、 a big step to promote traditional art.AAdding BAddedCAdd DHaving added【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动名词做主语。句意:把京剧加入到中国基础教育中是提升传统艺术的一大步。根据句意可知句子缺主语,故用动名词做主语。故选A。24They use computers to keep the traffic _ smoothly.Abeing run Brun Cto run Drunning【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他们用电脑让交通流动顺畅。分析句子可知,run作宾语补足语,keep sb./sth
27、. doing sth.表示让一直做。根据句意可知,故选D项。25(天津)I need a new passport so I will have to have my photographs_.Ataking BtakenCbeing taken Dtake【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:我需要一个新护照,所以我将不得不拍照片。本题考查非谓语动词作宾语补足语,宾语my photograph与补足语之间为被动关系,故用过去分词作宾语补足语。C项表示正在进行。故选B。点睛:本题考查的非谓语动词为高中重点语法之一。在分析题目的时候,首先要抓住非谓语动词在句中所作的成分,找出该非谓语动词所对
28、应的逻辑主语,再分析二者之间的关系,最后根据句意选择正确的答案。26- Do you know anything about War of Seven Kingdoms, the Chinese Game of Thrones?-Sure. Although each event _ a well-known actor playing the key roles, it has all its plots well _on established historical records and archaeological findings.Afeatures; grounded Bchara
29、cteristics; witnessedCstars; depended Ddisplays; commented【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:-你知道中国的权力的游戏七国战争吗? -当然。虽然每一个事件都有一个著名的演员扮演关键角色,但它的所有情节都建立在既定的历史记录和考古发现的基础上。A. features 由主 演; grounded 使 基 于;B. characteristics 以.为特 征; witnessed目睹;C. stars 由做 主 演; depended依靠;D. displays; commented 作 出 评 论。由“a well-kno
30、wn actor ”可知,每一个事件都有一个著名的演员主演,所以第一个空应选择features。be grounded on“ 以 . 为基础”为固定短,在本句中为过去分词作后置定语。且符合句意。所以第二个空选grounded。故选A项。27In 2015, China won the bid to host the Winter Olympics, _ Beijing the first city in the world to host both the Summer and Winter Games.Amake Bmaking Cto make Dmade【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查现在分词作结果状语的用法。句意:2015年,中国中标了冬奥会的举办权,使得北京成为世界上第一个夏季和冬季奥运会都举办的城市。分析句子结构,逗号之前为完整的主句,阐述了“中标举办权”的事实,逗号之后则补充说明了先前事实所带来的进一步意料之中的结果,应用现在分词作结果状语,故选B。28With the homework _, the students can go to have a picnic.Abeing done Bdon
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