上海中级口译常考高频词汇分类汇总.docx

1、上海中级口译常考高频词汇分类汇总上海中级口译常考高频词汇分类汇总1.)经济类APEC,ASEAN,EU,EC(EEC),G8EURO,RMB,YEN,POUND,DOLLARUN,WHO,IMF,PLO,FBI,VOA,CIA,NSA,CCCP,DMZ,PLA,QFII,PBOC,CEPANATO,NASA,UNESCO,OPEC,NAFTA,SAFEassociatecompany(subsidiary/affiliate)联营公司（子公司、附属公司）aggregatedemand总需求 aggregatesupply总供给advancedtechnology先进技术 businessmec

2、hanism创业机制activebalance(passivebalance/unfavorablebalance)顺差(逆差)acquire购臵、获取，购买，取得所有权 acquisitionofassets购臵资产absoluteadvantage绝对优势 authorizationbill授权书authorasset资产 BoaoForumforAsia博鳌亚洲论坛bottomline帐本底线,底线 blackmarket黑市 budget预算 budgetdeficit预算赤字budgetsurplus预算盈余 bureaucracy官僚作风,官僚机构bureaubusinesscyc

3、le商业周期 cashbonuses现金奖励businessprototype商业原型、商业模型 brandloyalty对某个牌子的忠诚度businessfraud(accountingfraud)商业欺诈(做假帐) bull/bearmarket牛市/熊市cuttingedge(haveanedgeon)优势（比有优势） commercial商业广告commodity商品 convertiblecurrency可兑换的货币corporate/entrepreneurialculture企业文化 capital资本,资金,资产checksandbalances政府机关彼此之间、公司内部各部门

4、的相互制约和平衡civilrights/civilliberties公民权利、自由 commerceclause商业条款commonlaw习惯法comparativeadvantage相对优势competition竞争confederation联邦contract合同cost成本dealer/jobber/broker经销商/经纪人depreciation/appreciation贬值/增值deflation/inflation通货紧缩/通货膨胀designerclothing/jeans/sneakers名牌服装/牛仔裤/运动鞋demand需求strongdemand需求强劲 weakdem

5、and需求疲软insufficientdemand需求不足effectivedemand有效需求demandcurve需求曲线democracy民主depression萧条，经济不景气的一段时期，其特征是商业活动减少、价格下降、失业discountrate贴现率discountmarket贴现市场double/triple/quadruple两倍/三倍/四倍（翻两翻）economicgrowth经济增长economics经济学economical节约的,经济的efficiency效率，功效elasticity弹性、可塑性、灵活度elite精英entrepreneur,entrepreneurs

6、hip企业家，企业equities英pl.(无固定利息的)股票,证券electronicdealing电子交易employment就业employmentrate就业率employmentinsurance(EI,旧称UI-unemploymentinsurance)失业保险interestrate(s)利率infrastructure基础设施fiscalyear财政年度foreign-investedventure外资企业foreign-capitalenterprise外资企业fund/capital/venturecapital资金,资本/风险资金federalreservesystem

7、(美国)联邦备银行制度federation联邦fiscalpolicy财政政策,财务方针freetrade自由贸易futuremarket期货市场gopublic上市gounder倒闭grossdomesticproduct(GDP)国内生产总值grossnationalproduct(GNP)国民生产总值hedge(against)保护或防御手段,尤指防止经济损失ahedgeagainstinflation.防止通货膨胀的措施hands-offmanagement疏松管理highreturn高收益，高回报humancapital人力资本，技能资本hyperinflation恶性通货膨胀inv

8、estmentfever投资热investmentpolicy投资政策investmentdestination投资地点immediateyield直接回报ideology意识形态incentive动力interestgroup利益集团(指因共同利益而结合在一起的一批人)jointventure合资企业labor劳动力lawofdemand需求定律lawofsupply供给定律legitimacy合理性、合法性limitedliabilitycorporation有限公司listedcompanies上市公司liquidity变现能力marketintelligence市场情报、市场调查mar

9、ketshare市场占有率marketeconomy市场经济managerialexpertise管理知识massproduction批量生产mechanism机制merger合并monopoly垄断macroeconomics宏观经济学merit价值microeconomics微观经济学monetarypolicy货币政策mortgage按揭makeendsmeet收支平衡nationaldebt国债oligarchy寡头政治,寡头政治的执政团opportunitycost机会成本optimize(maximize/minimize)优化/最大化/最小化paragon模范patent专利po

10、liticaleconomy政治经济pork-barrellegislation猪肉桶立法，又称“分肥立法、分肥拨款pork-barrelappropriations”指立法机关为讨好选民而促使政府向议员所属地方选区拨发的经费。privateenterprise私营企业productivity生产力product产品produce农产品promotion促销price价格place地点4P=product,price,placeandpromotionprofit利润profitable有利可图的propaganda（贬义）宣传protectionism（贸易）保护主义performance业

11、绩publicsector公共部门privatesector私营部门potentialmarket潜在市场plunge/dip/down（价格）猛跌/小跌/下跌recession衰退，不景气referendum公投rent租金resources资源savings储蓄scarcity缺乏separationofpowers权利分离subsidy津贴supply供给supplysideeconomics供方经济学start/buildfromscratch从零开始soar/surge/climb（价格）上涨strategicplanning战略部署,战略计划stock/bond/securitie

12、s股票/债券/证券stockoption(shareoption)股票期权stockindex股指streamline精减salesvolume销售额strong（dollar/currency/yen/RMB）(货币)坚挺tariff关税tax税taxation税收taxrelief税收减除taxholiday免税期taxpolicy税收政策title所有权tradedeficit(surplus)贸易逆差/顺差tradevolume贸易额regime政权、机制rally反弹,股市价格和成交额在下跌后显著上升restructure改组、重组top-downmanagement自上而下的管理模

13、式tradebloc贸易集团（如：欧盟）tradebalance贸易平衡tradesanction贸易制裁turnover销售额ShanghaiStockExchange上海证券交易所ShenzhenSE深圳证券交易所NewYorkSE纽约证券交易所LondonSE伦敦证券交易所transaction交易upstart(newrich)暴发户unemploymentrate失业率utility设施veto否决venturecapital风险资金workforce职工总数、劳动力welfarestate福利国家2)政治类“Agriculture,CountrysideandFarmer”issu

14、es三农问题bringinginandgoingout“引进来”和“走出去”政策eightdosandeightdonts“八个坚持、八个反对”FourCardinalPrinciples四项基本原则Fourmodernizations四个现代化（农、工、国防、科技）onechina,oneTaiwan“一中一台”“onecountry,twosystems”“一国两制”“south-southcooperation”“南南合作”Taiwanindependence“台湾独立”twoChinas“两个中国”“ThreeRepresents”“三个代表”threedirectlinks(mail

15、,airandshippingservicesandtrade)（两岸）直接三通theeight-pointproposal八项主张thefiveprinciplesofpeacefulcoexistence和平共处五项原则thefourthplenarysession四中全会theninthfive-yearplan(1996-2000)“九五”计划thetenthfive-yearplan(2001-2005)“十五”计划thethirdplenarysessionoftheeleventhcentralcommittee十一届三中全会thethreemajorhistoricaltask

16、s三大历史任务thethreeSino-Usjointcommuniqus中美三个联合公报threefavorables三个有利于16thpartycongress十六大23millionTaiwancompatriots两千三百万台湾同胞awell-offstandard小康水平awell-offsociety小康社会advancethedevelopmentofthewesternregion推进西部大开发advanceswiththetimes与时代发展同步伐atthepropertimeandtoanappropriatedegree适时适度attemptstosplitthecoun

17、try各种分裂图谋blazingnewtrailsinapioneeringspirit开拓创新buildawell-offsocietyinanall-roundway全面建设小康社会buildingamoderatelyprosperoussocietyinallrespects全面建设小康社会buildacleanandhonestgovernment廉政建设buildaconservation-mindedsociety建设(资源)节约型社会chinascross-centurydevelopment我国的跨世纪发展chinasinternationalstanding我国的国际地位c

18、hinasoverallnationalstrength我国综合国力citizensparticipationinpoliticalaffairs公民政治参与civicduty公民职责civilrights/civilliberties公民权利、自由civilservants公务员creativity,cohesionandfightingcapacity创造力、凝聚力和战斗力cross-straitsnegotiations两岸谈判cross-straitsrelations两岸关系crucialhistoricaljuncture重大历史关头democraticdecision-makin

19、g民主决策democraticelections民主选举democraticmanagement民主管理DemocraticProgressiveParty民进党democraticsupervision民主监督DengXiaopingtheory邓小平理论deputytotheNationalPeoplesCongress全国人大代表extensiveandprofound博大精深extravaganceandwaste铺张浪费falsification弄虚作假familyplanning计划生育1，与经济、金融等相关的数字题：失业率、失业数字（jobless,unemploymentrat

20、e,layoff）通货膨胀、通货紧缩（inflation,deflation）股指（DowJones,Nasdaq,S&P）油价（oilprice,crudeoil,barrel,OPEC）房地产市场（realestate）汇率（exchangerate）利率（interestrate）2，现代人的健康问题饮食（diet）运动（exercises,sedentarylifestyle）吸烟等不良生活方式（caffeine,tobacco,nicotine,drugabuse,substancedependence）压力（stress）肥胖症（obesity,overeating,calorie

21、）与家庭成员和朋友相聚旅行与度假3，对现代科技的正反两方面讨论电视互联网（addiction,e-commerce,privacy,fraud）社交网站（socialmedia,anonymity,virtualreality）通讯设备（convenience,face-to-facecommunication）新兴媒体（emergingmedia,advertising）高科技与教育的结合（teenager,adolescent,budget,onlinecourses）4，职场指南就业市场（schoolleaver,recruitment,competition）面试诀窍（intervie

22、wingtips）与同事、上级沟通（colleague,supervisor,superior）提高工作效率（efficiency,productivity）5，自然灾害等突发新闻伤亡情况（die,injure,missing,hospitalize,homeless,displace,seektemporaryshelter）对交通、电力、学校、商家等的影响（blackout,cripple,paralyze,delay,cancel）交通事故及其原因（roadaccident,causes）6，对热点问题的讨论救市bailout限薪salarycap创造就业机会creatingjobopp

23、ortunities资源与环保（scarcity,strain,carbon,emission,recycling,wastedisposal）移民（immigrant,advocate,liberal,conservative）信用与消费主义（credit,consumerism）自由竞争、市场经济与政府角色（marketeconomy,governmentcontrol,protectionism）老龄化社会（agingsociety,pension,socialwelfare）慈善（charity,charitableorganization,povertyrelief,wealthdi

24、stribution）创业精神（entrepreneurship）第一部分基本词汇询价makeaninquiry报价quotation报/发盘offer底盘flooroffer实/虚盘firm/non-firmoffer开/收盘opening/closingprice现/期货价spot/forwardprice还盘counter-offer回佣returncommission到岸价C.I.F.（即Cost,InsuranceandFreight)到岸加佣金价C.I.F.C.（即Cost,Insurance,FreightandCommission)现货spotgoods库存有限limiteds

25、tock批发价wholesaleprice零售价retailprice净利润netprofit定金downpayment分期付款paymentbyinstallment现金结算cashsettlement信用证结算paymentbyletterofcredit(L/C)股东shareholder;stockholder我方onourpart双赢战略win-winstrategy中止合同terminatethecontract提出索赔lodgeaclaim要求赔偿损失claimforacompensationoftheloss/damage贸易索赔businessclaim补偿贸易compens

26、tiontrade第二部分词语扩展商品交易会CommoditiesFair经营范围line/scopeofbusiness独家经销代理exclusivesellingagency市场准入marketaccess机床machinetools汽车零部件autoparts电子商务e-commerce;e-business第三部分例句请给我一个有效期为90天的C.I.F.报价，目的港为洛杉矶，报价含5%的佣金。IdliketohearyourquotationonaC.I.F.LosAngelesbasisvalidfor90days,withaninclusionof5%angentscommiss

27、ioninyourquotation.汉英口译分类词汇-一、部属机构属译名（以化学工业为例）化学工业部MinistryofChemicalIndustry办公厅GeneralOffice计划司PlanningDepartment外事司ForeignAffairsDepartment人事司PersonnelDepartment化工新材料局NewChemicalMaterialDepartment化工司ChemicalDepartment橡胶司RubberDepartment炼化司DepartmentofRefiningandChemicals矿山司ChemicalMinesBureau化工规划院ChemicalPlanningInstitute设备总公司EquipmentGeneralCorporation基建局CapitalConstructionDepartment教育司EducationDepartment化肥司ChemicalFertilizerDepartment供销