oracle常用命令收集.docx

1、oracle常用命令收集1 运行SQLPLUS工具 sqlplus 2 以OS的默认身份连接 / as sysdba 3 显示当前用户名 show user 4 直接进入SQLPLUS命令提示符 sqlplus /nolog 5 在命令提示符以OS身份连接 connect / as sysdba 6 以SYSTEM的身份连接 connect system/xxxxxxx服务名 7 显示当然用户有哪些表 select * from tab; 8 显示有用户名和帐户的状态 select username,account_status from dba_users; 9 将SCOTT帐号解锁(加锁)

2、 alter user scott account unlock(lock); 10 以SCOTT的身份连接并且查看所属表 connect scott/tiger select * from tab; 11 查看EMP的表结构及记录内容 desc emp select empno,ename from emp; 12 以OS的身份登看SGA,共享池,CACHE的信息 connect / as sysdba show sga select name,value/1024/1024 from v$sga; show parameter shared_pool_size select value/1

3、024/1024 from v$parameter where name =shared_pool_size; show parameter db_cache_size select value/1024/1024 from v$parameter where name =db_cache_size; 13 查看所有含有SIZE的信息 show parameter size bitmap_merge_area_size integer 1048576 create_bitmap_area_size integer 8388608 db_16k_cache_size big integer 0

4、db_2k_cache_size big integer 0 db_32k_cache_size big integer 0 db_4k_cache_size big integer 0 db_8k_cache_size big integer 0 db_block_size integer 4096 db_cache_size big integer 33554432 db_keep_cache_size big integer 0 db_recycle_cache_size big integer 0 NAME TYPE VALUE - - - global_context_pool_si

5、ze string hash_area_size integer 1048576 java_max_sessionspace_size integer 0 java_pool_size big integer 33554432 large_pool_size big integer 8388608 max_dump_file_size string UNLIMITED object_cache_max_size_percent integer 10 object_cache_optimal_size integer 102400 olap_page_pool_size integer 3355

6、4432 oracle_trace_collection_size integer 5242880 parallel_execution_message_size integer 2148 NAME TYPE VALUE - - - sga_max_size big integer 143727516 shared_pool_reserved_size big integer 2516582 shared_pool_size big integer 50331648 sort_area_retained_size integer 0 sort_area_size integer 524288

7、workarea_size_policy string AUTO 14 显示SGA的信息 select * from v$sgastat; POOL NAME BYTES - - - fixed_sga 453532 buffer_cache 33554432 log_buffer 656384 shared pool subheap 46884 shared pool KGK heap 3756 shared pool KQR M PO 586792 shared pool KQR S PO 180232 shared pool KQR S SO 5128 shared pool sessi

8、ons 410720 shared pool sql area 2144664 shared pool 1M buffer 2098176 POOL NAME BYTES - - - shared pool KGLS heap 901756 shared pool parameters 8352 shared pool free memory 38687204 shared pool PL/SQL DIANA 420816 shared pool FileOpenBlock 695504 shared pool PL/SQL MPCODE 135692 shared pool library

9、cache 2985576 shared pool miscellaneous 4889396 shared pool MTTR advisory 21164 shared pool PLS non-lib hp 2068 shared pool XDB Schema Cac 4966300 POOL NAME BYTES - - - shared pool joxs heap init 4220 shared pool kgl simulator 563260 shared pool sim memory hea 44184 shared pool table definiti 1728 s

10、hared pool trigger defini 1896 shared pool trigger inform 1140 shared pool trigger source 448 shared pool type object de 69120 shared pool Checkpoint queue 282304 shared pool VIRTUAL CIRCUITS 265160 shared pool dictionary cache 1610880 POOL NAME BYTES - - - shared pool KSXR receive buffers 1033000 s

11、hared pool character set object 323724 shared pool FileIdentificatonBlock 323292 shared pool message pool freequeue 834752 shared pool KSXR pending messages que 841036 shared pool event statistics per sess 1718360 shared pool fixed allocation callback 180 large pool free memory 8388608 java pool fre

12、e memory 33554432 已选择42行。 15 显示PGA的信息 select * from v$pgastat; NAME VALUE UNIT - - - aggregate PGA target parameter 16777216 bytes aggregate PGA auto target 7640064 bytes global memory bound 838656 bytes total PGA inuse 8293376 bytes total PGA allocated 13106176 bytes maximum PGA allocated 22090752

13、bytes total freeable PGA memory 0 bytes PGA memory freed back to OS 0 bytes total PGA used for auto workareas 0 bytes maximum PGA used for auto workareas 4096 bytes total PGA used for manual workareas 0 bytes NAME VALUE UNIT - - - maximum PGA used for manual workareas 4096 bytes over allocation coun

14、t 0 bytes processed 8783872 bytes extra bytes read/written 0 bytes cache hit percentage 100 percent 已选择16行。 17 在$ORACLE_HOME/sqlplus/admin/glogin.sql中加入环境变量,以后每次启动生效 define _editor=vi set line 2000 18 将当前命令随加到文件中 save c:a.sql append 19 将指定文件的命读出缓冲区 get c:a.sql 20 执行脚本语句 c:a.sql 21 将输入保存到指定文件中 spool

15、c:O.LOG select * from v$sga; spool off 22 设定行大小 set linesize 2000 23 设定页大小 set pagesize 10 24 设定字符列格式 col ename format a30 25 设定数字列格式 col sal format 999,999.999 26 10G查看文件$ORACLE_HOME/install/protlist显示端口 http:/127.0.0.1:5560/isqlplus 9i查看文件$ORACLE_HOME/Apache/Apache/ports.ini显示端口 http:/127.0.0.1:77

16、78/isqlplus http:/127.0.0.1:7778/isqlplusdba 27 启动Oracle 9i监听程序 Oracle的监听程序主要是为客户端的连接提供接口 $ lsnrctl start 28 关闭Oracle 9i监听程序 $ lsnrctl stop 29 启动Oracle Web Server $ cd $ORACLE_HOME/Apache/Apache/bin $ ./startJServ.sh /database/oracle/product/9i/Apache/Apache/bin/apachectl start: httpd started 30 关闭O

17、racle Web Server $ cd $ORACLE_HOME/Apache/Apache/bin $ ./stopJServ.sh /database/oracle/product/9i/Apache/Apache/bin/apachectl stop: httpd stopped 31 启动Oracle Web Server后默认的端口号是7777 unix cd $ORACLE_HOME/Apache/Apache/bin/ htpasswd $ORACLE_HOME/sqlplus/admin/iplusdba.pw admin windows cd D:oracleora92A

18、pacheApachebin htpasswd D:oracleora92/sqlplus/admin/iplusdba.pw admin New password: * Re-type new password: * Adding password for user admin 32 pfile: $ORACLE_BASE/admin/实例名/Pfile spfile: $ORACLE_HOME/dbs 监听器配置文件:listener.ora: $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/ tnsnames.ora: $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/ 33

19、指定用户的表空间 SELECT DEFAULT_TABLESPACE FROM DBA_USERS WHERE USERNAME=用户名 34 当前用户 select user from dual;show user 35 当前用户的缺省表空间 SELECT DEFAULT_TABLESPACE FROM DBA_USERS WHERE USERNAME=(select user from dual); 37 显示正在使用的初始化参数文件 show parameter spfile NAME TYPE VALUE - - - spfile string %ORACLE_HOME%DATABAS

20、ESPFILE% ORACLE_SID%.ORA 38 用SPfile转Pfile create pfile=c:init.ora from spfile; create pfile from spfile; UNIX将生成在$ORACLE_HOME/dbs目录下 WINDOWS将生成在$ORACLE_HOME/DATABASE目录下 39 显示cache的值 show parameter cache 前面两个下划线的是动态调整的参数 前面一个下划线的是内部参数 40 显示正在使用的参数和文本参数值 select * from v$parameter; select * from v$sppa

21、rameter; 41 显示动态性能视图的结构 desc v$parameter; 名称 NUM NAME TYPE VALUE ISDEFAULT ISSES_MODIFIABLE ISSYS_MODIFIABLE ISMODIFIED ISADJUSTED DESCRIPTION UPDATE_COMMENT 42 有条件的显示动态参数 select * from v$parameter where name like %db_cache%; 43 修改参数语句 alter system set sga_max_size=256m scope=spfile; &写入SPFILE,重启生效

22、alter system set sga_max_size=256m scope=memory; &写入内存区,立即生效 alter system set sga_max_size=256m scope=both; &即写入内存区,又写入SPFILE,默认为BOTH. 44 动态调整large_pool_size的语句 alter system set large_pool_size=16M; 45 当前正在使用的SGA的大小 select sum(bytes)/1024/1024 from v$sgastat; 46 设置db_cache_size的大小保存在SPFILE alter sys

23、tem set db_cache_size=128m scope=spfile; 47 设置shared_pool_size的大小保存在SPFILE中 alter system set shared_pool_size=80m scope=spfile; 48 显示PGA的状态 select * from v$pgastat; show parameter pga NAME TYPE VALUE - - - pga_aggregate_target big integer 16777216 49 带PFILE来启动资料库,?代表ORACLE的主目录 startup pfile=?databas

24、einitmydb.ora 50 显示当前数据库的状态,mount的状态下就可以查看数据库的状态 select open_mode from v$database; 51 显示当前实例 nomount状态下就可以查看实例 select * from v$instance; 52 显示 background_dump_dest的路径 , show parameter background_dump_dest NAME TYPE VALUE - - - background_dump_dest string D:oracleadminthwerpbdump 53 显示当有用户的表 select *

25、 from user_tables; 54 显示当有用户可以访问表 select * from all_tables; 55 显示用户为SCOTT的表 select * from dba_tables where owner=SCOTT; 56 显示所有用户信息 select * from dba_users; 57 建立用户并指定密码 create user edpthw identified by edpthw; 58 给用户授权 grant connect,resource to edpthw; 59 建立一个表 create table a(a int); 60 显示数据字典中表名为U

26、SER开头的表名 select table_name from dict where table_name like USER%; 61 在UNIX下oerr ora 错误号查看错误的帮助信息. 62 在unix 查看日志中有哪些错误 grep ORA alert_PROD.log|tail -10 63 显示当前实例 SELECT * FROM V$INSTANCE; 64 显示当前数据库信息 SELECT * FROM V$DATABASE; 65 显示当前ORACLR资料的版本 SELECT * FROM V$VERSION; 66 显示当前的选项 SELECT * FROM V$OPT

27、ION; 67 显示当前实例的初始化参数 SELECT * FROM V$PARAMETER; 68 显示数据文件 SELECT * FROM V$DATAFILE; 69 显示日志文件 SELECT * FROM V$LOGFILE 70 显示控制文件 SELECT * FROM V$CONTROLFILE; 71 显示当有有哪些会话 SELECT * FROM V$SESSION; 72 显示当前有哪些进程 SELECT * FROM V$PROCESS; 73 显示当前后台进程 SELECT * FROM V$BGPROCESS; 74 显示SGA的大小 SELECT * FROM V$

28、SGA; 75 显示SGA的统计数 SELECT * FROM V$SGASTAT; 76 显示PGA的统计数 SELECT * FROM V$PGASTAT; 77 显示有哪些控制文件 SHOW PARAMETER CONTROL_FILES; 78 增加一个控制文件一定要在NOMOUNT状态下进行.语句如下. alter system set control_files=D:ORADATAMYDBCONTROL01.CTL, D:ORADATAMYDBCONTROL02.CTL, D:ORADATAMYDBCONTROL03.CTL, E:CONTROL04.CTL SCOPE=SPFILE; alter system set control_files=D:oracleoradatathwerpCONTROL01.CTL, D:oracleoradatathwerpCONTROL02.CTL, D:oracleoradatathwerpCONTROL03.CTL, D:oracleoradatathwerpCONTROL04.CTL scope=spfile; 79 数据重新启动 STARTUP FORCE 80 显示当前控制文件 SE