高英第一册lesson 1 vocabulary.docx

1、高英第一册lesson 1 vocabulary词汇(Vocabulary) hurricane (n.): a violent tropical cyclone with winds moving at 73 or more miles per hour，often accompanied by torrential rains，and originating usually in the West Indian region飓风 lash (v.): move quickly or violently猛烈冲击；拍打 pummel (n.): beat or hit with repeate

2、d blows，espwith the fist(尤指用拳头)连续地打 course (n.): a way of behaving；mode 0f conduct行为；品行；做法 demolish (v.): pull downtear down，or smash to pieces (a building，etc)，destroy：ruin拉倒；打碎；拆毁；破坏；毁灭 motel (n.):a hotel intended primarily for those traveling by car, usually with direct access from each room to a

3、n area for cars汽车游客旅馆 gruff (adj.): rough or surly in manner or speech；harsh and throaty；hoarse粗暴的，粗鲁的；粗哑的。嘶哑的 batten (n.): fasten with battens用压条钉住(或固定) methodically (adv.): orderly，systematically有秩序地；有条理地 main (n.): a principal pipe, or line in a distributing system for water, gas, electricity, et

4、c(自来水，煤气，电等的)总管 bathtub (n.): a tub，now usually a bathroom fixture，in which to take a bath浴盆，浴缸 generator (n.): a machine for changing mechanical energy into electrical energy；dynamo发电机，发动机 scud (v.): run or move swiftly；glide or skim along easily疾行，飞驰；掠过 mattress (n.): a casing of strong cloth or o

5、ther fabric filled with cotton，hair，foam rubber，etc床垫；褥子 pane (n.):a single division of a window，etc.，consisting of a sheet of glass in a frame；such a sheet of glass窗格；窗格玻璃 disintegrate (v.): separate into parts or fragments; break up；disunite分裂，分解，裂成碎块 blast (n.): a strong rush of(air or wind)一股(气流

6、)；一阵(风) douse (n.): plunge or thrust suddenly into liquid；drench; pour liquid over把浸入液体里；使浸透；泼液体在上 brigade (n.): a group of people organized to function。“unit in some work(组织起来执行某种任务的)队 scramble (v.): climb，crawl，or clamber hurriedly爬行；攀(登) litter (n.): the young borne at one time by a dog，cat or ot

7、her animal which normally bears several young at a delivery(狗、猫等多产动物)一胎生下的小动物 shudder (n.): shake or tremble suddenly and violently，as in horror or extreme disgust震颤，战栗 ferocity (n.): wild force or cruelty；ferociousness凶猛；凶恶，残忍；暴行 swipe (n.):a hard，sweeping blow口猛击，重击 maroon (av.): leave abandoned，i

8、solated，or helpless使处于孤立无援的处境 devastate (nv.): destroy；lay waste；make desolate毁坏,摧毁；使荒芜 swath (n.): the space or width covered with one cut of a scythe or other mowing device刈幅(挥动镰刀所及的面积) huddle (v.): crowd，push，or nestle close together。as cows do in a storm(如风暴中的牛群)挤成一团；拥挤；互相紧贴 slashing (a.): sever

9、e；merciless；violent严厉的；猛烈的 implore (v.): ask or beg earnestly; beseech恳求，哀求，乞 bar (v.): a vertical line across a staff，dividing it into measures；a measure小节线(五线谱上的纵线把五线谱分成小节); 小节 trail (v.):grow gradually weaker，dimmer，less direct，etc渐弱；渐小；渐暗 debri (复：debris )(n.): a rough，broken bit and piece of a

10、stone，wood，glass，etc，as after destruction：rubble碎片，瓦砾 sanctuary (n.): a place of refuge or protection：asylum 避难所，庇护所 cedar (n.): any of a genus of widespreading coniferous trees of the pine family，having clusters of needlelike leaves，cones, and durable wood with a characteristic fragrance雪松(属) extin

11、guish (v.): put out(a fire，etc)；quench；smother熄灭(火等)，灭(火)；扑灭 waver v. swing or sway to and fro；flutter摇摆；摇晃；摇曳 topple (v.): fall top forward；lean forward as if on the point of falling向前倒；摇摇欲坠 leanto (n.): a roof with a single slope，its upper edge abutting a wall or building；a shed with a oneslope ro

12、of单坡 屋顶；单坡屋顶的棚 prop (v.): hold up，support or hold in place with or as with a prop支撑；维持；支持 tilt (v.): aslope；incline；slant；tip倾斜；倾侧；翘起 cower (v.): crouch or huddle up，as from fear or cold(因害怕或寒冷而)蜷缩；退缩 slant (v.):incline or turn from a direct line or course, esp, one that is perpendicular or level；sl

13、ope(使)倾斜；(使)变歪 hinge (v.): equip with or attach by a hinge靠铰链转动(或附着) diminish (v.): reduce in size. degree，importance, etc.；lessen使变小；减少，缩减 thrust (n.): a sudden，forceful push or shove猛推 strew (v.): spread about here and there by or as by sprinkling：scatterbe scattered or dispersed over(a surface)撒(

14、布)；散播；被撒满(表面) festoon (v.): adorn or hang with flowers, leave, paper, etc饰以(或悬挂)花彩，结彩于 coil (v.): wind around and around成卷状；盘绕卷 spaghetti (n.): paste in the form。f long，thin strings, cooked by boiling or steaming and served with a sauce细条实心面 salvation (n.): a saving 0r being saved from danger, evil，

15、difficulty，destruction。etc；rescue救助拯救；援救 canteen (n.):a place where cooked food is dispensed to people in distress，as in a disaster area(在灾区给灾民分配熟食的)赈灾处 staffer (n.): a member of a staff职员 rake (v.): scrape or sweep；move forward swiftly掠过；急速穿过；迅速向前移动 rampage (v.): rush violently or wildly about横冲直撞

16、pitch (v.): colloq set to work energetically口拼命干起来，开始大干特干 wreckage (n.): the remains of something that has been wrecked残骸；漂浮物 salvage (v.): save or rescue from shipwreck, fire，flood, etc雷救抢救；打捞 wrath (n.): intense anger；rage；fury愤怒；暴怒；勃然大怒 the blues: colloqa depressedunhappy feeling口沮丧；忧郁 afflict (v

17、.):cause pain or suffering to；distress very much 使痛苦，使苦恼折磨 weld (v.): unite(pieces of metal，etc)by heating until molten and fused or until soft enough to hammer or press together焊接；熔接 reflect (v.): think seriously；contemplate认真思考；沉思短语 (Expressions) reason out: to find out an explanation or solution

18、to a problem，by thinking of all the possibilities寻找解决途径 例：Lets reason this out instead of quarrelling让我们不要争吵，商量出事情的解决方案 a good: at least，full至少，最少 例：They waited a good eight hours他们等了至少8个小时 sit out: stay until the end of坐到结束 例：We forced ourselves to sit the play out我们强迫自己坐到演出结束。 come by: to make a s

19、hort visit to a place on ones way顺便拜访 例：Ill come by the house and get my stufflater，OK?我会顺便过来取材料，好吗? by the minute: every minute，minute by minute一分钟一分钟地 例：Im feeling better by the minute我每分钟都感觉好多了。 on the verge of: on the edge of，on the brink of接近于，濒临于 例：Scientists are on the verge of a major breakt

20、hrou曲科学家们即将取得一项重大突破。 break apart: break up into piecesdisintegrate裂开，分裂解散 例：The grounds broke apart in earthquake地面在地震时裂开了。 break up: to break or make sth break into many small pieces分裂 例：The ice will break up when the warm weather comes. 天气转暖，冰层就会破裂。 come through: to continue to live，exist，be stron

21、g，or succeed after a difficuh or dangerous time经历过仍活着，经历，脱险 例：John was so iu but he was lucky to come through约翰病得很厉害，依然活着算是很幸运的了。 pitch in: to set to work energetically拼命于起来，开始大干特干 例：If we pitch in，we will have it finished in no time我们如果拼命干活，就会马上做完1destroy一词最为常见，主要强调破坏的力度之大和彻底，一般不带感情或修辞色彩。 demolish和

22、raze通常用于巨大物体，如大型建筑物等。demolish常用引申义，指任何复合体的被毁，如demolish a theory with a few incisive comments。意即“用几句锋利的评语推翻某种理论”。而raze几乎无一例外地用于指建 筑物的被毁。annihilate在这些词中所表示的损坏程度最为强烈，字面 意思是“化为乌有”，但实际上往往用于指对人或物的严重 损伤。如说annihilate an enemy force，是指使敌军遭到重创，不仅没有还手之力。而且没有招架之功。如说annihilate ones opponent in a debate，是指彻底驳倒对手。

23、2。decay常指某物自然而然地逐渐衰败腐化。如：His teeth have begun to decay(他的牙齿开始老化变坏。) rot指有机物质，如蔬菜等因菌毒感染而腐败变质，如：rotting apples(烂了的苹果)。spoil用于非正式文体，常指食物变质。如：Fish spoils quickly in summer。(鱼在夏天极易变质。)molder用于指物体缓慢、逐步地腐朽。如：Old buildings molder away(老房子渐渐腐烂了。)disintegrate意指把某物从整体变为碎片或一个个部分。如：rocks disintegrated by frost a

24、nd rain(被霜和雨蚀裂成碎块的岩石)。decompose指将物质分解为其构成成分。如：Water call be decompose(be decomposed)into hydrogen and oxygen(水可分解成氧和氧。)该词还可用来替代rot，使语气略显委婉。Lesson OneFace to Face with Hurricane CamilleI. Choose the one which is equal to the word given blow:1. lashA. strike violentlyB. pass byC. move slowlyD. stride2

25、. pummelA. push forwardB. punish severelyC. hit with repeated blowD. beat heavily3. gruffA. seriousB. grievousC. roughD. gentle4. elevateA. put downB. lift upC. face toD. push down5. demolishA. destroyB. reduceC. increaseD. beat6. scudA. go smoothlyB. go straight and fastC. go up and downD. go viole

26、ntly7. interiorA. situated insideB. situated outsideC. interrelateD. internecine8. ferocityA. capabilityB. fiercenessC. impedimentD. ferment9. shudderA. shuffle inB. walk outC. curl upD. shake10. sanctuaryA. a warm placeB. shelterC. a clean placeD. a harm place11. maroonA. stay brave and alongB. lea

27、ve hopefulC. stay helplessD. leave helpless and alone12. vantageA. variable situationB. comfortless positionC. advantageD. disadvantage13. debrisA. small individual partsB. completely good placesC. well preserved piecesD. scattered broken pieces14. imploreA. request earnestlyB. inform eagerlyC. ask

28、for leaveD. ask for leave15. skimA. hit violentlyB. move lightly overC. go fast and quietlyD. move gradually away16. rampageA. walk for pleasureB. produce branchesC. rageD. range17. festoonA. celebrateB. fastenC. scatterD. decorate18. extinguishA. put outB. put upC. put onD. put down19. disintegrate

29、A. joint togetherB. break up into piecesC. regard as a individualD. look down upon20. frustrateA. discourageB. bring about good resultC. come out fruitfullyD. worry about the result21. propA. supportB. placeC. suspendD. propose22. tiltA. cultivateB. inclineC. levelD. disintegrate23. endureA. conductB. controlC. bearD. engulf24. barA. music noteB. hot railC. brickD. block25. thrustA. dreadful weaponB. sharp knifeC. pierce windD. driving force26. diminish