版 第2部分 板块2 第2讲 形容词副词和比较级.docx

1、版 第2部分 板块2 第2讲 形容词副词和比较级第2讲形容词、副词和比较级全国卷考情分析题型分类典题试做命题解读语法填空1.(2018全国卷)According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years longer (long) than nonrunners.2(2018全国卷)Running is cheap, easy and its always energetic (energy)3(2018全国卷)A taste for meat is actually (actual) behi

2、nd the change.4(2018全国卷)According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total global (globe) fertilizer consumption.5(2017全国卷)Even worse(bad)，the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.1.考查形容词或副词比较等级的用法；2考查词类转换。短文改错1.(2018全国卷)The first time I went there, they were living in

3、a small house with dogs, ducks, and another animals. Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chickens. anotherother；herethere2. (2018全国卷)Immediate, I raised my hand.ImmediateImmediately3(2017全国卷)They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together.

4、earlierearly4(2017全国卷)Beside，they often get some useful information from the Internet.BesideBesides1.形容词之间或形容词与副词的错用；2形近引起的错用；3比较等级的错用。考点一 形容词和副词的基本用法.单句语法填空1(2019湖北华大联盟质检)The boy looked at his father hopefully(hope) because he thought his father had brought him a present.2(2019昆明质量检测)If we can focu

5、s on encouraging kids to drink more watera lowcost, sugarfree drinkwe can improve their drinking habits, which may allow many kids to feel greater (great) throughout the day and do better in school.3(2019武汉高三调考)Floating on a pool of water at the base and looking up at the waterfall with a background

6、 of blue sky was one of the most relaxing(relax) experiences of my life.单句改错4(2019重庆联考)He was a European billionaire who got everything he wanted. Therefore, in the last twenty years of his life, his health began to get worse and he led a miserable life.ThereforeHowever5(2019云南八校调研)I dont think that

7、 it is a truly ecotravel. An ecotravel not only allows us to express our love for nature, but needs our responsibility as well. trulytrue1形容词的基本用法(1)形容词在句中可作定语、表语、宾语补足语、主语补足语、状语等。Although it doesnt taste of anything special，its still worth a try.尽管它尝起来没有任何特殊的地方，但是还是值得一试。Conditions were so bad that i

8、t was impossible for him to find the trail again.天气状况太差，他想再找到雪橇的轨迹是不可能的。(2)形容词作状语主要表示原因、结果或伴随等，其逻辑主语必须与句子主语保持一致。Lighthearted and optimistic，she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile.她无忧无虑、积极乐观，是那种用微笑给别人带来阳光的人。易错提示以ly结尾的形容词，常见的有：friendly，lovely，lively，lonely，elderly，dead

9、ly 等。2副词的基本用法(1)副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或修饰整个句子，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等。Thankfully，I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end.谢天谢地，我终于打完比赛了，所有的辛苦最终都是值得的。(2)常考的连接性副词：though“然而，可是”(用于句末)；meanwhile“在此期间”；therefore/thus/consequently“因此，所以”；moreover/furthermore“而且，此外”；besides“另外，还有”；however

10、“然而”；instead“相反，代替”；anyway/anyhow“尽管，即使这样”；otherwise“否则”。The young man couldnt afford a new car.Instead，he bought a used one.那个年轻人买不起新车，便买了一辆二手的。The house was too expensive and too big.Besides，Id grown fond of our little rented house.这个房子太贵、太大了，而且，我已经越来越喜欢我们租的这间小屋了。易错提示易用错的几类副词(1)意义有别的同根副词。如：free(免费

11、地)/freely(自由地)，hard(努力地)/ hardly(几乎不)，late(晚，迟)/ lately(最近)，most(很，最)/mostly(主要地)，fair(公平地)/fairly(相当地)，near(临近)/nearly(几乎)等。(2)有些副词有两种形式：以ly结尾时表示抽象意义；与形容词同形的表示具体意义。如：close接近/closely密切地；wide宽地/widely广泛地；high高地/highly高度地；deep深地/deeply 深深地。考点二 形容词和副词的比较等级.单句语法填空1(2019湛江调研)The more support you win from

12、 others, the faster(fast) you will move toward your goal.2(2019湖北八校联考)Whatever happens in China, the third largest(large) country in the world with 20 percent of the worlds population, will certainly shape the immediate and distant futures of us all.3(2019广东七校联考)My dad was 90 years old.He could hard

13、ly see very well and walks with a stick.I was scanning the restaurant，waiting to sit at the first table that was more_convenient(convenient) than others.4(2019东北三省四市二模)Uber said its flying vehicles would be much quieter(quiet), cost less to operate and produce less pollution than helicopters.单句改错5My

14、 mum makes the better biscuits in the world, so I decided to ask her for help. betterbest1比较级和最高级的构成(1)规则变化变化规则例词单音节的词一般在后面加er和esttalltallertallestquickquickerquickest以“辅音字母e”结尾的词，在后面加r和stlatelaterlatestpalepalerpalest以“辅音字母y”结尾的词，将y改为i，再加er和estearlyearlierearliestheavyheavierheaviest以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节

15、词，则双写这个辅音字母，再加er和estthinthinnerthinnesthothotterhottest其他双音节和多音节的词都在前面加more和mostcarefulmore carefulcarefulmost careful易错提示有少数几个双音节以及ow，er，le结尾的词，既可以加er和est，又可以加more和most构成比较级和最高级。常考的词：narrow，common，clever，simple，quiet，stupid等。(2)不规则变化good/wellbetterbest；bad/illworseworst；many/much moremost；farfarthe

16、r/furtherfarthest/furthest；oldolder/elder oldest/eldest；littlelessleast2比较等级的用法(1)同级比较asadj./adv.(原形)as.“和一样”；not as/soadj./adv.(原形)as.“和不一样”Since people are fond of humor，it is as welcome in conversation as anywhere else.因为人们喜欢幽默，所以在谈话中或其他任何地方它都是受欢迎的。当as.as结构中有名词时，可用以下结构：as形容词原级a(n)n.as.asmany可数名词复

17、数as.asmuch不可数名词as.Im not a little tired today after giving the room a thorough cleaning and I have never had as tiring a day as today.今天对房间进行了大扫除之后我很累，我从来没有过比今天更累的一天了。(2)比较级“形容词/副词比较级than”表示“两者中一方比另一方更”。“less形容词/副词原级than”结构，表示“一方不及另一方”。I know my sister better than anyone else.Once she has made up he

18、r mind，nothing can change it.我比其他任何人更了解我姐姐。她一旦下定决心，没有什么能够改变。易错提示修饰比较等级的副词：much，even，still，far，yet，a little，a lot，a bit，rather，any等。more，very等副词不可修饰比较级，这也是短文改错中常出现的错误之一。(3)最高级表示三者或三者以上的比较，常见的结构：“the最高级表示比较范围的短语或从句”，表示“是中最的”。Tom is content with the watch.It is the best gift he has ever got.汤姆对这块表很满意。这

19、是他得到的最好的礼物。最高级的其他表达法否定词比较级比较级thanany other单数名词比较级thanall the other复数名词比较级thanany of the other复数名词比较级than anything/anyone elseYour story is perfect；Ive never heard a better one before.你的故事太完美了，我以前从来没有听过比这更好听的故事。The Yangtze River is longer than any other river/than all the other rivers/than any of the

20、 other rivers in China.长江比中国的其他任何一条河都长。易错提示有些词本身就有最高级含义，不能再用最高级形式，常见的有：favorite，wonderful，exhausted等；有些词本身有比较级含义，但不与than连用，如be senior to等。(4)含有比较等级的特殊句型theadj./adv.er，theadj./adv.er “越，越”adj./adv.erandadj./adv.er“越来越”theadj.erof the two名词“某人或某物是两者中较的那个”no more than“仅仅”，not more than“至多；不超过”more.than

21、.“与其说不如说”no比较级than “和一样不”not比较级than “不比更”倍数句型A is倍数比较级thanBA is倍数as原级asBA is倍数the名词(size，length，height等)ofBThe more positive an article，the more likely it was to be shared.一篇文章越积极乐观，就越有可能被大众分享。The electronic waste stream is increasing three times faster than traditional garbage as a whole.总的来说，电子废弃物

22、正以比传统垃圾快三倍的速度增加。More and more people realize the importance of learning a foreign language well.越来越多的人认识到学好一门外语的重要性。考点三 形容词和副词的词性转换单句语法填空1(2019新疆适应性检测)There are many kinds of reference books available in the book market. A smart use of these books is certainly beneficial(benefit), but the misuse and

23、 overuse of them may cause a lot of problems.2(2019湖北华大联盟质检)It is probably one of the earliest and longest lasting(last) sports which uses both muscles and brain.3(2019宁波十校联考)So his mother, who was unwilling(will) to pay for his education, brought him home to look after the sheep.4(2019临沂一模)It is on

24、e of the most amazing(amaze) TV shows from an artistic point of view.5(2019滁州模拟) Obviously (obvious), a good habit can help us to speed up to reach our destinations.形容词和副词的词形变化及词性转换是形容词和副词的考查热点。如果用来修饰名词或在系动词后作表语，应用形容词形式；如果用来修饰形容词、副词、动词或整个句子，则应用副词形式。正确分析句子结构，判断设空处在句中所作的句子成分，并牢记形容词变副词的规则，是解答此类题目的关键。.单

25、句语法填空1A sudden stop can be a very frightening experience，especially (especial) if you are travelling at high speed.2Films，books，magazines，etc.give us daily(day) amusement.3It was considerate(consider) of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.4With online shopping increasingly popu

26、lar, the Internet is seen as a(n) efficient(efficiency) way of reaching target customers.5The girl used to be shy, but is gradually(gradual) getting active in group work and is more willing to express herself.6Even though the conference hall is near his apartment, he has to hurry a little if he want

27、s to be punctual(punctually). 7Little Tom sat amazed(amaze) watching the monkey dancing in front of him.8I dont think what he said is relevant(relevance) to the topic we are discussing. He has missed the point.9Andy is content with the toy. It is the best (good) he has ever got.10Most of us, if we k

28、now even a little about where our food comes from, understand that every bite put into our mouths was formerly(former) alive.单句改错1We could see very clear a strange light ahead of us.clearclearly2(2018太原模拟)I even have a large vocabulary than before.largelarger3Now I realize that the process of learni

29、ng is much more important and my English is more better than before.第二个moremuch4I enjoyed studying difference kinds of cars and planes, playing pop music, and collecting the latest music albums.differencedifferent5At one time, I even felt my parents couldnt understand me so I hoped I could be freely

30、 from them.freelyfree.语法填空In 1990, over 100 countries signed 1._ international agreement to make it illegal to buy or sell ivory, which is mainly used for jewelry. Most ivory is made from the tusks (象牙) of African elephants. These tusks are 2._ (terrible) valuableone pair is worth more than three ti

31、mes the income of an African farmer or factory worker in a year. Hunting elephants was so profitable 3._ from 1979 to 1989 the number of elephants in Africa fell from 1.3 million to 600，000. It was feared that by the year 2000 there would be none 4._(leave). However, thanks to the international agreement, there 5._