学年高中英语Unit1GreatscientistsPeriodThreeLearningaboutLanguage.docx

1、学年高中英语Unit1GreatscientistsPeriodThreeLearningaboutLanguagePeriod Three Learning about Language & Using Language.写出下列单词的汉语意思(共10小题；每题2分，满分20分)1fireworkn烟火(燃放)2chartn图表3creativeadj.有创造力的；创造性的；独创的4cooperativeadj.合作的5revolutionaryadj.革命的；重大变革的6loopn圈；环7privatelyadv.私下地；秘密地8spinvi.&vt.(使)旋转；纺(线或纱)9reject

2、vt.拒绝；不接受；抛弃10universen宇宙；世界.写出下列汉语对应的英语单词(共15小题；每题2分，满分30分)11responsibleadj.有责任的；负责的12constructvt.建设；修建constructionn建设；建筑物13contributevt.&vi.捐献；贡献；捐助contributionn贡献14.positiveadj.积极的；肯定的；确实的15movementn移动；运动；动作16backwardadv.&adj.向后地(的)；相反地(的)；退步地(的)17enthusiasticadj.热情的；热心的18cautiousadj.小心的；谨慎的cauti

3、onn小心；谨慎19characteristicn特征；特性20physiciann医生；内科医师21exposevt.暴露；揭露；使曝光22curen治愈；痊愈；vt.治愈；治疗23challengen挑战；vt.向挑战24absorbvt.吸收；吸引；使专心25suspectvt.怀疑；n.被怀疑者；嫌疑犯.写出下列短语或短语对应的汉语意思(共10小题；每题2分，满分20分)26apartfrom除之外；此外27(be)strictwith.对严格的28makesense讲得通；有意义29makeacontribution/contributionsto对作出贡献30becautiousa

4、bout/of对谨慎31inasense在某种意义上；在某种程度上32withcaution小心翼翼地33putoff推迟，延期34conclude.from.从中推断出35blamesb.forsth.因某事责备某人；把某事归咎于某人.完成句子(共5小题；每题6分，满分30分)36Onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.只有当你把太阳放在那里，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。37Sobetween1510and1514heworkedonit，graduallyimprovinghis

5、theoryuntilhefeltitwascomplete.于是，他在1510年至1514年期间从事这项研究，逐步改进他的理论，直到他感到完善时为止。38Thechangeshemadetotheoldtheorywererevolutionary.他对旧理论所做的改动是革命性的。39Heplacedafixedsunatthecentreofthesolarsystemwiththeplanetsgoingrounditandonlythemoonstillgoingroundtheearth.他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上，而行星则围绕着太阳转，只有月球仍然绕着地球转。40YetCop

6、ernicustheoryisnowthebasisonwhichallourideasoftheuniversearebuilt.然而现在哥白尼的理论却是我们的宇宙观建立的基础。.Readthepassageandmatchthemainideaofeachparagraph.Para.1ANewobservationsdidntagreewiththeoldtheoryabouttheearth.Para.2BCopernicustheoryisthebasisofmodernscienceabouttheuniverse.Para.3CCopernicuswaspuzzledashefo

7、undtheearthwasnotthecentreofthesolarsystem.Para.4DCopernicusnewtheorythatthesunwasthecentrecouldexplainallthephenomena.Para.5ECopernicusimprovedhistheorybycollectingobservationsandusinghismathematicalknowledge.答案Para.1CPara.2APara.3EPara.4DPara.5B.Readthepassagecarefullyandchoosethebestanswers.1What

8、madeCopernicusfrightenedandconfused?AThefactthattheearthwasthecentreofthesolarsystem.BTheconclusionthatthesunwasthecentreofthesolarsystem.CThefactthattheearthrunsaroundthesun.DThefactthatGodmadetheworld.答案B2WhydidntCopernicuspublishhistheoryimmediately？Because.AhedidntthinkitcompleteBhewasafraidofbe

9、ingattackedbytheChristianChurchChisfriendsforbadehimtodosoDnoonesupportedhisideas答案B3WhendidCopernicuspublishhistheory?AAfterhisdeath.BBeforehetoldhisfriendsaboutit.CAshelaydyingin1543.DCopernicustheorywasneverpublished.答案C4AllthefollowingmadeitstrangeiftheearthwasthecentreofthesolarsystemEXCEPTthat

10、.AsomeplanetsintheskyseemedtostopormovebackwardBsomeplanetsintheskyappearedbrighterattimesandlessbrightatothersCsomeplanetsintheskyseemedtogoforwardinaloopDthesungoesaroundtheearth答案D5.WhatstheChristianChurchsattitudetowardsCopernicustheory?ATheChristianChurchobjectedtoCopernicustheory.BTheChristian

11、ChurchwasinfavorofCopernicustheory.CTheChristianChurchpaidmuchattentiontothetheory.DTheChristianChurchthoughthighlyofCopernicustheory.答案A重点词汇contributevt.&vi.捐献；贡献；捐助；投稿；促成，造成contribute.to.把捐献给；向投稿contribute to捐赠；捐献；有助于；导致；投稿联想表示“引起；导致；有助于”的词汇还有：cause，lead to，result in，bring about等。contribution n贡献；

12、捐助make a contribution/contributions to对作出贡献(1)3Dfoodprintingcouldprobablycontributetothesolution.(2018天津)3D食物打印很可能有助于解决这个问题。(2)Everyoneofusshouldmakeacontribution(contribute) tooursociety.我们每个人都应该为我们的社会作出贡献。单句改错(3)Theevidencewillcontributetothethief.一词多义写出下列句子中contributeto的汉语意思(4)Manypeoplecontribut

13、edmoneytothepoorboy，whichcontributedtohisreturningtoschool.AwriterwroteastoryaboutitandcontributedittoChinaDaily.捐款；促使；投稿(5)Thesharpincreaseofmothersintheworkplacehasfurthercontributedtothereductionintheamountoftimeadolescentsspendwithadults.导致Apartfromtheconstructionmentionedabove，youhavealsolearne

14、dthefollowingphrases.除了上面提到的句子结构，你也学了以下的词组。 apartfrom除之外；此外易混辨析apart from，except，besides，except forapart from 具有多重意义，既可以表示besides，也可以表示except 或except for。except 表示从所提到的人或事中除去一部分，表示递减的概念。besides 表示“除了之外，还有”，表示递增的概念。except for 表示对整体主要部分的肯定和局部的否定。选词填空apartfrom，except，besides，exceptfor(1)Allthestudentst

15、ookpartinthesportsmeetingexcept/apartfromTom，forhewasill.(2)Weneedthreemorechairsbesides/apartfromthesetwo.(3)Apartfrom/Exceptfortheending，itsareallygoodfilm.Onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.只有当你把太阳放在那个位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。 makesense讲得通；有意义make sense of懂得；了解的意

16、义make no sense讲不通；没有意义in a sense 在某种意义上；在某种程度上in no sense决不(置于句首，句子用部分倒装)Theres no/little sense in doing sth.做某事没有意义。(1)Icouldntmakesenseofwhathesaid.Whathesaidcouldntmakeanysensetome.我不能理解他所说的话。(2)Inasense，Ithinkhelikesbeingresponsibleforeverything.从某种意义上说，我认为他喜欢包揽一切。(3)Planningsofaraheadmakesnosen

17、sesomanythingswillchange.那么早计划是没有意义的那么多事情会发生变化。(4)Theresnosenseinarguing(argue) withhersheissostubborn!和她争论是没有意义的她那么固执！单句改错 (5)Whathesaidatthemeetingdidntmakesenseof.Hisfriendswereenthusiasticandencouragedhimtopublishhisideas，butCopernicuswascautious.他的朋友们都热情地鼓励他把他的想法公之于众，而哥白尼却小心谨慎。 cautiousadj.小心的；

18、谨慎的be cautious about/of对谨慎cautiously adv.小心地；谨慎地caution n小心；谨慎with caution 小心翼翼地(1)Ivealwaysbeenverycautiousaboutgivingmyaddressandtelephonenumbertostrangers.我在给陌生人我的地址和电话号码时非常谨慎。(2)Thewomanopenedthedoorcautiously(cautious) andwalkedin.Thewomanopenedthedoorwithcautionandwalkedin.这个女人小心地打开门，走了进去。经典句式

19、Onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.只有当你把太阳放在那个位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。“only状语或状语从句”放于句首要使用部分倒装，即把助动词、情态动词或系动词be放在主语之前。(1)Onlythendidherealizethathehadmadeaseveremistake.只有那时他才意识到自己犯了一个严重的错误。(2)Onlybyshoutingandwavinghishandscouldhebenoticed.只有靠大声呼叫和晃动双手才能使人注意到他。(3)

20、Onlyifateachergivespermissionisastudentallowedtoentertheroom.只有得到老师的允许，学生才能进这个房间。名师指津如果only修饰的不是状语，即使放在句首主句也不倒装。(4)Onlyshecandoitwell，forsheismoreexperienced.只有她才能把它做好，因为她更有经验。易混辨析onlyif，ifonlyonlyif只有，onlyif本身不是一个固定词组。only是副词，用来修饰整个if从句。若用于句首，后接从句，主句要部分倒装。ifonly但愿，要是就好了，常引导含虚拟语气的条件句或感叹句。选词填空onlyif，

21、ifonly(5)IfonlyIwereabird，Iwouldflyinthevastsky.(6)Onlyifyoueatthecorrectfoodswillyoubeabletokeepfit.Heplacedafixedsunatthecentreofthesolarsystemwiththeplanetsgoingrounditandonlythemoonstillgoingroundtheearth.他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上，而行星则围绕着太阳转，只有月球仍然绕着地球转。with the planets going round it是“with宾语宾语补足语”结构，在句中

22、作伴随状语。该结构作状语还可以表示原因、条件等情况。此外，此结构还可作后置定语。with复合结构的具体构成：with宾语(1)Youdbetternotgotosleepwiththewindowsopen.你最好不要开着窗子睡觉。(2)Thelittleboyranalongthestreetwithnothingon.这个小男孩沿街跑着，什么也没穿。(3)Weliveinahousewithmanyflowersaroundit.我们住在一所周围有很多花的房子里。(4)Thethiefwasbroughtinwithhishandstied(tie) behindhisback.这个小偷被

23、带了进来，双手被绑在背后。(5)Icantgooutwithallthesedishestowash(wash)我不能丢下这些要洗的餐具就出去。高级表达(6)Theoldmanwaswalkingslowlyandhispetdogfollowedhim.(改为with复合结构)Theoldmanwaswalkingslowlywithhispetdogfollowinghim.单句语法填空1Thebossofthecompanyisverystrictwiththestaff，soeveryonetherehastobecompletelystrictintheirwork.2Sheneve

24、rlostherenthusiasm(enthusiastic) forteaching.3Cautiously(cautious)，hemovedhimselfintoanuprightposition.4Theengineershavemadegreatcontributions(contribute) tothedesignoftheChangespaceship.5IfonlyIhadtaken(take) hisadviceatthattime!6Providedyoudidnttrytomakesenseofit，itsoundedbeautiful.7Theenvironment

25、almovement(move) hasbeentryingtopreserveournaturalresources.8Withhissuggestionsrejected(reject)，hefeltupset.9ShegrabbedNormsarmandspun(spin) himaroundtofaceher.10Wedidntseeanyoneallday，apartfromacoupleofkidsonthebeach.完成句子11Onlywhenhereturnedhomedidherealizewhathadhappened.当他回到家时才知道发生了什么事。12Wecontri

26、butedmuchmoneytotheearthquakefundlastyear.去年我们向地震基金会捐赠了很多钱。13Theresnosenseinmakingachildsufferlikethat.让孩子那样受苦没有道理。14EnglishisoneofthesubjectsinwhichIaminterested.英语是我感兴趣的科目之一。15Withwintercomingon/approaching，itstimetobuywarmclothes.(with复合结构)随着冬天的临近，是时候买暖和的衣服了。.课文短文改错TherewasatimewhenthepowerfulChr

27、istianChurchbelievedGodhavemadetheworld.Itwasthatreasonthattheearthwasthoughttobethecentreofthesolarsystem.Butproblemsarose.Copernicushadthoughtlongandhardlyaboutthemandtriedtofindananswer.Though, allhismathematicalcalculationsledtothesameconclusionwhattheearthwasnotthecentreofthesolarsystem.Whenhep

28、lacedafixingsunatthecentreofthesolarsystem, themovementoftheplanetsmadethesense.TheChristianChurchrejectshistheory.Buthertheoryisnowthebasisonthatallourideasoftheuniversearebuilt.答案TherewasatimewhenthepowerfulChristianChurchbelievedGodmadetheworld.Itwasthatreasonthattheearthwasthoughttobethecentreof

29、thesolarsystem.Butproblemsarose.Copernicushadthoughtlongandaboutthemandtriedtofindananswer. ，allhismathematicalcalculationsledtothesameconclusiontheearthwasnotthecentreofthesolarsystem.Whenheplacedasunatthecentreofthesolarsystem, themovementoftheplanetsmade the sense.TheChristianChurchhistheory.Butt

30、heoryisnowthebasisonallourideasoftheuniversearebuilt.基础巩固.单词拼写1Itsagreatpleasuretohavesuchenthusiastic(热情的) groupparticipationinourproject.2Myteachertellsusthatweshouldhaveapositiveattitudetolifeandhavehope，nomatterwhathappens.3Scientistswatchthemoontogetdataaboutitsmovements(运动)4Itssaidthatthereisakindofbird，whichistheonlyonethatcanflybackward(s)(向后地)5Wealllookforwardtothedaywhenscientistscandiscovermoresecretsoftheuniverse(宇宙).单句语法填空6Theyarelikelytorespondpositively(positive) tothePresidentsrequestforaid.7Afterhegraduatedfromthat