八升九初三英语暑假衔接语法知识总结学习教学案.docx

1、八升九初三英语暑假衔接语法知识总结学习教学案Lesson1 名 词 1 .Lesson2 名 词 2 .Lesson3 名 词 3 .Lesson4 冠词 .Lesson5 形容词副词 1 .Lesson6 形容词副词 2 .Lesson7 enough toosuch.Lesson8 形容词 -ed/- ing 形容词排序.Lesson9 词法综合复习 .Lesson10 被动语态 1 .Lesson11 被动语态 2 .Lesson12 反意疑问句 .Lesson13 感叹句.祈使句 .Lesson 14 宾语从句（一） .Lesson 15 宾语从句（二） .Lesson16 综合复习

2、.附动词表.教学目标Lesson 1 名词（1）1.理解并掌握名词定义；2.理解并能熟练运用名词；3.掌握名词复数变化规则，且能熟练运用教学内容名词的定义 名词(Nouns)是词性的一种，也是实词的一种，是指待人.物.事.时.地.情感.概念 等实体或抽象事物的词名词可以分为专有名词( Proper Nouns)和普通名词(Common Nouns)1.专有名词:1)表示具体的人，事物，地点，团体或机构专有名称(第一个字母要大写)例：China中国 Asia亚洲 Beijing北京；2)专有名词如果是含有普通名词的短语，则必须使用定冠词the，如: the Great Wall(长城)；the

3、People s Republic of China 中华人民共和国； 3)姓氏名如果采用复数形式，则表示该姓氏一家人(复数含义)，如: the Greens(格林一家人)2.普通名词表示某些人，某类事物，某种物质或抽象概念的名称例如teacher 老师，tea 茶，reform改革普通名 词又可进一步分为四类1)个体名词(Individual Nouns)表示单个的人和事物 (car 汽车 room 房间 fan 风扇 photo 照片2)集体名词(Collective Nouns)表示一群人或一些事物的名称( people人们 family 家庭 army 军队 government 政府

4、 group 集团)3)物质名词(Material Nouns)表示物质或不具备确定形状和大小的个体的物质(fire火 steel钢 air空气) 4)抽象名词( Abstract Nouns)表示动作，状态，品质或其他抽象概念(labour劳动health健康life生活)名词口诀: 人和事物各有名，万千名目可辨清表示名称即名词，具体抽象有不同 时间空间和地点，方向位置有专称主宾定表都可作，名词具有多功能名词复数变化规则(1)绝大多数名词的复数形式是在名词词尾加-s 例:一个女孩a girl，几个女孩some girls (2)在以s，sh，ch，x结尾的名词后加-es 例:一辆汽车 a b

5、us，几辆汽车some buses match 比赛，watch手表，class 班级，brush 刷子，fox 狐狸，glass 玻璃杯 (3)以辅音字母+ y结尾的名词，先变y为i，再加-es；以元音字母+ y 结尾的名词，在词尾直接-sboy-boys 例:一个婴儿 a baby，几个婴儿 some babies city 城市， (4)以字母 f 或 fe 结尾的名词，变 f 或 fe 为-ves 例:一把小刀 a knife，几把小刀 some knives wolf 狼， Attention是不是所有的以 f 结尾的名词都是遵守这个划则呢？ 总有几个是例外的我们称他为叛徒“叛徒”就

6、是 roof 屋顶，handkerchief 手帕，直接在后面加“s”例: a roof，some roofs; a handkerchief，some handkerchiefs(5)以 o 结尾的名词:有生命的+es;以 o 结尾的名词:无生命的+s 例: potato土豆，Negro黑人，hero英雄， tomato番茄 mango 芒果口诀:对于以O结尾的有生命的名词我们用口诀来记黑人英雄吃土豆西红柿芒果 口诀:对于这些无生命的，我们用一个单词接龙把它们连起来有架“video里面有架piano，piano上有个radio， radio上有photo，photo里面有zoo，zoo里面有

7、bamboo”(6)单复同形的有绵羊 sheep 鹿 deer(7)clothes衣服，trousers裤子，glasses眼镜，thanks谢谢，people人们等为复数形式其中people当“民族”讲 时，是单数(8)有些物质名词和抽象名词的单.复数形式表示不同的含义例如:cloth 布clothes 衣服 glass 玻璃glasses 眼镜green 绿色greens 青菜 letter 字母，信letters 文学snow 雪snows 积雪 work 工作 works 著作，作品time 时间times 时代 .次数 (9)名词news，maths，politics(政治)，phy

8、sics(物理)以s结尾，但实际上是单数(不可数名词) (10)不同国家的人的单复数 口诀：中日瑞士不用变，英法国人A变E，其余S加后面(11)上面的变化规则都是有规律的，但是还有一种不规则的名词变化是不规则的不规则的名词要特殊记 忆天鹅goose-geese 牙齿tooth-teeth 脚foot-feet 老鼠mouse-mice 男人man-men 女人woman-women 孩子child-children 公牛ox-oxen注意：当woman,man,girl.boy作定语修饰名词复数时，woman,man要变复数，而girl,boy则不用。a man doctor-ten men

9、doctors a girl student-ten girl students【课堂练习】A 组 一.把下列名词变为复数形式。family leaf piano fox child visitor match Negro doctor day radio country 二.选择题story knife potato mouse deer diary watch goose people city lorry American ball fish bus foot boy key glass photo ship factory ferry German monkey tomato brus

10、h sheep fly thief valley dish ox scarf zoo Chinese ( )1.Are those your ？A.bookes B.boxs C.apples D.apple ( )2.I am first to come to schoolA.a B.an C.the D./ ( )3.The are on the tableA.knife B.knifes C.knives D.knifs ( )4.How many do you see in the picture？A.tomatos B.tomatoes C.tomato D.the tomato (

11、 )5.- What are these in English？- are stampsA.They B.It C.Those D.That ( )6.There is no in the plateA.apples B.oranges C.rice D.eggs ( )7.There are five under the treeA.sheep B.sheepes C.ship D.sheeps ( )8.Some are chasing some A.cat，mouse B.cat，mice C.cats，mouse D.cats，mice( )9.Shes so happy that s

12、he has homework todayA.many B.lot of C.a lot of D.a little ( )10. is famous all over the worldA.Great Wall B.The great wall C.The Great Wall D.The Great wall ( )11.Everyone has at the partyA.great funs B.many funs C.much fun D.much funs ( )12.Mrand MrsDecarlo like Chinese A.foods and peoples B.foods

13、 and people C.food and peoples D.food and people ( )13.- What do you have for breakfast？- I often have or A.bread; noodles B.bread; noodle C.breads; noodle D.breads; noodles ( )14.Some of my foreign friends are The others are A.Japaneses，German B.Japanese，Germans C.Japanese，Germen D.Japaneses，Germen

14、s( )15.How manyhave gone for a picnic？A.class B.classes C.a class D.classess ( )16.How many are there in your family？A.people B.peoples C.man D.person ( )17.We should clean twice a dayA.we tooth B.us teeth C.our teeth D.our tooth ( )18.Its autumn， are falling down from treesA.leaf B.leafs C.leaves D

15、.leavs ( )19.There some in the riverA.is，fish B.are，fishes C.is，fishs D.are fish ( )20.There are 34 in our schoolA.woman teachers B.women teachers C.women teacher D.womans teachers ( )21.Mike hurt one of his in the accident yesterdayA.tooth B.feet C.hand D.ear ( )22.This table is made of A.many glas

16、s B.glasses C.some glasses D.glass( )23.In the view of the foreign experts，there wasnt oil hereA.much B.lot of C.a great many of D.many ( )24.Twelve were hurt，but no were lost in that accidentA.person; life B.people; lives C.peoples; lives D.persons; life ( )25.-Are there any on the farm？-Yes，there

17、are someA.horse B.duck C.chicken D.sheepB组 一.选择题( )1.A group of are talking with three A.Frenchman，German B.Germans，Frenchman C.Frenchmen，Germans D.Germen，Frenchmen( )2.Id like to have a cup of milk and A.two breads B.two loaves of bread C.two loafs of bread D.two piece of bread ( )3.Painting in is

18、one of their spare-time activitiesA.oil B.an oil C.oils D.the oil ( )4.Our teacher gave me A.an advice B.the advice C.many advice D.much advice ( )5.Ten years had passedI found she had A.a little white hair B.a few white hair C.some white hairs D.much white hairs ( )6.All the in the hospital got a r

19、ise last monthA.women doctors B.woman doctors C.women doctor D.woman doctor ( )7.There are many in the fridgeA.food B.bread C.vegetables D.rice ( )8.Im thirstyI think Ill buy some A.water B.eggs C.cakes D.food ( )9.-What would you like to have for lunch，sir？ - Id like A.chicken B.a chicken C.chicken

20、s D.the chicken ( )10.I met two _ in the street yesterday morningA.German B.Australian C.American D.Japanese二.用括号内单词的适当形式填空1.Can you cut this big pear into two (half)？ 2.Here is a card for you with our best (wish)3.Therere different (fish) in the sea4.Thousands of people lost their (life) in the sea

21、5.Could you tell me how many (boy student) were at the party？ 6.There are many (sheep) and (deer) on the grass 7.MrZhang and MrLiu are both (postman)8.Mark and David are (German)9.Hello，MrWangHow many (child) do you have？I have one (child) 10.How many (time) did you go to museum？11.There is much (ru

22、bbish) on the floor12.Here is an oxThere are three (ox) over there13.I have two (hobby): collecting stamps and reading novels 14.How many (month) are there in a year？15.Do you like (Britain) films or (Australia) films？教学目标1.理解不可数名词的定义；2.区别运用可数名词与不可数名词；Lesson2 名 词（2）3.能够掌握可数名词与不可数名词的拓展内容 教学内容不可数名词定义：

23、 不可数名词是指不能以数目来计算，不可以分成个体的概念.状态.品质.感情或表示物质材料的东西；它一 般没有复数形式，只有单数形式，它的前面不能用不定冠词a/an， 若要表示它的个体意义时，一般要与一个名词短语连用，相当于中文里的【一+(量词) +名词】，其中的量 词意义应与具体的名词搭配而定不可数名词的语法特征 1.不可数名词不能接受不定冠词”a，an”的限制如果不可数名词的前面出现不定冠词“a，an”，则说明这 个不可数名词已经转化了如：There is snow on the ground地上有雪There was a heavy snow last night昨晚下了一场大雪 I dont like coffee我不喜欢咖啡 A coffee，please请来一份咖啡2.不可数名词没有复数形式有的以“-s”结尾的不可数名词并没有复数的概念如: Theres good news tonight今晚有好消息3.不可数名词受“the”限制时，表示特指;不受任何冠词限制时，表示泛指如:We cant live without air没有空气我们就不能活Open the windowThe air is so bad打开窗户吧里面的空气很不好4.不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式如: The bread smells good.5.不可数名词不能受基数词的修饰，如果确